气田低温站污水的处理

本文通过对气田低温站污水调查与分析,经试验确定了对该污水进行“混凝沉降.H₂0_2/Fe^z+氧化”的处理工艺及条件,文章还对彩响处理效果的各种因素进行了讨论.试验表明,该工艺对有机污染较重的气田污水具有良好的处理效果.     

聚氨酯改性不饱和聚酯研究

本文主要研究聚氨酯和不饱和聚酯的合成以及聚氨酯对不饱和聚酯的强度及韧性的影响以及反应的动力学研究。实验结果表明：掺入聚氨酯后,不饱和聚酯的延伸率随聚氨酯的含量的增加而增大,但其拉伸强度却随着聚氨酯的含量的增大呈现出先变大后减小的趋势。     

超声-光催化脱色和降解染料普施安蓝MX-R的动力学模式及其影响因素的研究

在TiO2悬浮体系中,研究了超声波-光催化对普施安蓝MX-R的脱色和降解CODCr的动力学模式,并考察了其影响因素。结果表明：在超声波-光催化反应过程中,MX-R的脱色和降解CODCr均符合一级反应动力学模式;在碱性或酸性条件下,有利于超声波-光催化反应的进行;当超声波功率为640 W时,脱色和降解CODCr的反应速率常数k值达到最大值;随着TiO2投加量的增加,脱色和降解CODCr的反应速率常数k值先增加然后趋于下降或平缓;超声波-光催化对MX-R脱色和降解CODCr反应速率常数k值均是溶液初始浓度的负一级反应。     

Kinetics of Dyes Adsorbed by Chitosan

A study on adsorption of Acidic Blue RAWL and Cationic Blue X-GRRL dyes by chitosan have been conducted. The adsorption kinetic parameters including adsorption rate K and effective diffusing coefficient D'i under the optimal pH ranges have been determined. Analysis through the enthalpy calculation reveals a substantial thermodynamic difference between the adsorption processes of the two dyes, which helps to understand the adsorption mechanism by chitosan.     

钴（Ⅱ）-12-（2’-羟基-3’，5’-取代苄基）-1，4，7，10-四氮杂环十三烷-11，13-二酮二元配合物酸分解动力学研究

利用停流技术在不同温度下研究了钴(Ⅱ)-12-(2′-羟基-3′,5′-取代苄基)-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十三烷-11,13-二酮二元配合物的酸分解动力学,结果表明分解速率遵循υ=c配合物·kK1K2[H]2/(1+K1[H]+K1K2[H]2)之规律.利用包括在预平衡步配合物的带负电荷的羰基氧被迅速质子化,在速控步(烯醇式异构体)质子在分子内迁移(到亚氨基的氮上)之机理,阐明了分解反应的机理.利用非线性最小二乘方拟合法得到了预平衡步的K1、K2和速控步的k.利用温度系数法得到了相应的活化参数,并讨论了不同取代基对酸分解速率的影响.在这些二氧四胺大环钴(Ⅱ)配合物中存在着Bronsted(布伦斯惕)型直线自由能关系,发现这些以及其他类似的体系中在速控步的活化焓Δ≠Hm和活化熵Δ≠Sm之间存在着线性关系.     

辅基四(4-三甲胺苯基)卟啉锌(Ⅱ)生成动力学的高效液相色谱研究

用高效液相色谱研究了辅基四(4-三甲胺苯基)卟啉锌(Ⅱ)生成动力学,求得了表观活化能、活化焓和活化熵,探讨了机理,研究了影响Zn(TAPP)生成速度的各种因素.     

Effective adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol on hydrogenated graphene: kinetics and isotherms

The effective adsorption capability of a hydrogenated graphene （H-Gr） was demonstrated. The H-Gr was firstly prepared by heating graphene （Gr） in a hydrogen flow at 1,000 ℃. The specific surface area, layer number, zeta potential, surface defects, surface compounds groups and elemental ratio of H-Gr were investigated. Taking 2,4-dichlorophenol as a target pollutant, the adsorption ability of H-Gr was evaluated. The results showed that the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo- second-order equation well. For the adsorption isotherms, the equilibrium data of H-Gr were found to fit to Langmuir model, which was different from the Freundlich model of Gr. The adsorption capacity of H-Gr was high to 287.01 mg/g, almost three times as much as that of Gr, which was benefit from the increase of specific surface area and zeta potential. This work suggests that H-Gr may be a potential candidate for the adsorption of aromatic compounds from water and has great prospect for practical application.     

一种无卤阻燃乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的热分解动力学研究

通过极限氧指数法(LOI)和垂直燃烧(UL-94)测试考察了一种无卤阻燃乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)的阻燃性能;利用热重分析法(TG)研究了纯EVA及阻燃EVA在不同升温速率下的热稳定性及热分解动力学,并采用Kissinger及Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方法计算了纯EVA和阻燃EVA的热分解表观活化能。结果表明,添加40%复合膨胀阻燃剂的EVA复合材料,极限氧指数达到28.6%,UL-94测试达到V-0级,残炭量相对纯EVA明显提高;随着升温速率增大,EVA和阻燃EVA的起始失重温度和各阶段的失重峰温均向高温方向移动;二者在第一阶段的热分解活化能均低于第二阶段,阻燃剂的添加使EVA的最大失重速率明显降低,热分解表观活化能提高,增强了材料的热稳定性和阻燃性。     

Investigation on preparing boron nitride by nitriding pure boron at 1200–1550 1C

Boron nitride (BN) was prepared by nitriding pure boron (B) deposited on carbon substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Thermodynamic analysis of preparing BN by nitriding CVD B at 1200–1550 1C was firstly performed. And then, the effects of nitridation conditions, including temperature, nitridation atmosphere and CVD B microstructure, on the conversion of B to BN were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results show that the conversion degree of B to BN firstly increased and then slightly decreased with rising temperature. The nitridation degree was controlled by mutual actions between the nitridation of B and consumption of the effective nitrogen source (NH3). The morphology of products and the reaction mechanism between B and N were influenced by nitridation temperature. At high temperatures (1400–1500 1C), BN with highly ordered microstructure was produced. On using N2–H2 as nitridation atmosphere instead of NH3–H2– N2, no BN was obtained in the studied temperature range. The microstructure and component of BN obtained in nitridation process were little affected by the microstructure of CVD B.     

三种染料水溶液的O_3脱色动力学研究

本文在具有烧结玻璃分布器的间歇式反应器中研究了三种活性染料水溶液的O_3脱色反应动力学。实验发现,脱色过程具有二级反应的动力学特点。研究结果表明,在pH为4.0到8.0的范围内,脱色速率受溶液pH的影响不大。