生物淋滤溶出废旧锂离子电池中钴的研究

考察不同培养条件对生物淋滤溶出钴的影响,研究提高钴生物溶出效率的方法和工艺条件. 研究表明:在硫磺质量浓度为4 g/L,起始pH为2.0,培养温度为27 ℃时,当电极混合材料的质量浓度为1%的条件下,淋滤12 d后钴的溶出质量浓度可达306 mg/L. 降低淋滤体系起始酸度(pH为1.0)和改变淋滤液硫源组合(2 g/L硫磺和2 g/L黄铁矿)可以有效提高钴的生物溶出效率,淋滤12 d后钴的溶出质量浓度高达1 682 mg/L,溶出率超过90%.     

眉县大气环境质量状况分析及治理措施研究

目的分析评价眉县主要区域大气环境质量现状,并提出控制措施。方法依据眉县人口密集的首善镇和工业密集的常兴镇2004~2005年各月份大气环境监测资料,并选取汤峪镇作为空气质量作对照区对该县的大气环境质量状况进行了分析评价。结果结果表明造成该地区大气污染的首要污染物是可吸入颗粒物PM10,其次为SO2,NO2污染轻微;在一年中,冬春季污染强,其它季节较弱。结论分析可知锅炉燃煤和扬尘是造成大气污染的主要原因,因此要提高该地区大气环境质量,必须改善能源结构,改变落后的燃煤方式,发展集中供热,加强污染项目环境管理,增加绿地覆盖面积。     

SnAgCu合金粉末的真空蒸镀涂层机理

对SnAgCu合金粉末的真空蒸镀涂层硬脂酸的成膜机理进行了研究.采用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对涂覆后合金粉末的形貌及结构进行观测,采用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对涂覆后粉末的透射吸收谱和光电子能量进行测试.结果表明:硬脂酸在合金粉末表面形成一层均匀致密、厚度为5～10 nm的薄膜,硬脂酸涂层SnAgCu合金粉末的行为属于物理吸附行为,其生长方式遵循岛状生长机理模式,其过程实质是一个气--固转换、晶体生长的过程.     

热处理条件对IrO2-pH电极性能的影响

在700℃炉冷、870℃空冷和炉冷三种热处理条件下,制备了氧化铱pH微电极,并对比了微电极的线性范围及响应时间.结果表明:热处理条件对Ir氧化物膜的均匀性有很大影响,进而影响其开路电位的稳定性及响应速度.700℃炉冷和870℃空冷制得的电极氧化膜表面粗糙,孔隙率不均匀并伴随有裂纹;而870℃炉冷条件下制得的电极具有表面氧化膜均匀、响应时间短以及线性好等优点.铱氧化物的形成机理是Ir丝被空气中的O2氧化,而高温Li2CO3起到一种溶剂的作用.铱氧化物电极的H+响应是由于电极表面水合氧化铱与溶液中H+发生化学反应,反应为Ir4+与Ir3+之间的转变.     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜晶体管电特性的影响

针对非晶硅和有机薄膜晶体管的低迁移率问题,以高纯Zn为靶材,反应磁控溅射沉积、且在不同温度下退火的ZnO薄膜作为半导体活性层,成功地制备出基于ZnO材料的薄膜晶体管(ZnO-TFT),研究了退火温度对ZnO -TFT电特性的影响.结果表明:ZnO- TFT的载流子迁移率随退火温度的升高而明显增大,700℃退火的样品迁移...     

航空成像光谱的蚀变信息提取技术

 根据成像光谱仪CASI/SASI的影像特点,制定了高光谱影像的处理方法流程,介绍了各步骤的内容和需要注意的事项.阐述了噪声和坏波段去除、大气校正的过程,并提出了一些经验性的处理方法.在成像光谱岩石蚀变提取算法中,根据经验对已有方法进行了改进;在基于特定算法的矿物填图方法中,依据柯坪地区CASI影像中富含二价铁的辉绿岩脉的光谱特征,提出了富二价铁岩石提取算法.经过实地验证,富二价铁岩石的提取对铀矿勘探具有较好的指导作用.通过提取的信息结果与已经矿区或矿点的空间叠加分析发现,富二价铁岩石空间分布与铀异常点分布有很强的相关性.根据富二价铁与铀矿的空间分布规律,提出了断裂+富二价铁岩石的成矿模式.红色砂岩提供铀源,岩脉提取铀成为存储容器.富二价铁岩石提供铀沉淀催化剂的作用,且线性的富二价铁岩石分布区域对成矿更有利.通过富二价铁岩石的提取,在柯坪南部地区新发现了3条铀异常带.     

Angular dependent NEXAFS study of the molecular orientation of PTCDA multilayers on Au （111） surface

The molecular orientation of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) multilayers adsorbed on Au (111) surface has been investigated using angular dependent O K-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The significant angular dependence of important resonant structures (π* and σ*) reveals that PTCDA molecules adopt an ordered geometry on the substrate surface. The average tilt angle of the PTCDA molecular planes is 27°±10° from the Au (111) surface.     

A high-resolution environmental change record since 19 cal ka BP in Pumoyum Co,southern Tibet

A 380-cm-long sediment core was acquired from the deep water area of Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet. Twenty-five plant residue samples were selected, and organic carbon stable isotopes were obtained using the AMS ¹⁴C chronological method. The ¹⁴C age and carbon reservoir effect were calibrated with surface sedimentation rate measurements using ²¹⁰Pb dating. Results showed that the core sediment deposited over 19 cal ka BP. Based on a multi-proxy analysis of TOC and IC contents, grain size and pollen assemblage data, the palaeoclimatic evolution of Pumoyum Co was reconstructed since the last glacial. Pumoyum Co was a shallow lake prior to 16.2 cal ka BP; although the glacier around the lake began to melt due to increasing temperatures, climate was still cold and dry. In the interval of 16.2–11.8 cal ka BP, the sedimentary environment fluctuated drastically and frequently. Two cold-events occurred at 14.2 and 11.8 cal ka BP, and these may correspond to the Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas events, respectively. After 11.8 cal ka BP, Pumoyun Co developed into the deep lake as it is now. The lake water temperature was relatively lower at that time because of influx of cold water from glacial meltwater entering the lake. As a result, the multi-proxy indicators showed no sign of warm conditions. Comparisons between the sedimentary record of Pumoyum Co with that of other lakes of the same age in southern Tibet indicate a warmer climate following the last deglaciation influenced the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. These results imply that the southwest Asian monsoon gradually became stronger since the deglaciation during its expansion to the inner plateau. The glacial-supplied water of the lake responded sensitively to cold-events. The entire southern Tibet region was dominantly influenced climatically by the southwest Asian monsoon during the Holocene.     

10-羟基苯并喹啉锂配合物电子结构和光谱性质的理论研究

采用B3LYP和abinitio CIS方法在6-31G(d,p)水平上对10-羟基苯并喹啉锂配合物(LiBQ配合物)的基态和激发态的几何构型进行全优化.在基态和激发态的优化构型的基础上采用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)的PCM模型计算配合物的吸收和发射光谱.计算得到的最大吸收和最大发射都是由于配体内电荷转移(ILCT)所致.计算结果表明配合物(LiBQ)是一种良好的发射蓝光的金属有机电致发光材料.     

氮气分压比对硼碳氮薄膜的组分及光学带隙的影响

采用射频磁控溅射方法以不同的氮气分压比(1/10～2/3)制备出一组硼碳氮薄膜.傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测量发现样品的组成原子之间均实现了原子级化合.XPS测量结果表明,所有样品中的B、N原子比近似为1:1,其化学配比为BCx N(0.16＜x＜1.46).紫外/可见/近红外分光光度计用于测量样品的吸收光谱.由吸收谱线在低能区域(2.0～3.0 eV)的光吸收,利用关系作图法求出光学带隙Eopt范围为0.17～0.83 eV.氮气分压比对薄膜的组分和光学带隙有很大影响,其通过改变薄膜组分而影响光学带隙,并且碳原子数小的样品具有较宽的光学带隙.以氮气分压比为1/3条件下制备的样品中碳原子数最小,它的光学带隙最宽为0.83 eV.