根霉Rhizopus sp.TC1产酶条件的研究

根据要因实验原则,选择影响因子较大的因素进行实验,初步研究了根霉Rhizopussp.TC1的产酶条件.经实验确定优化产酶条件为:稻草∶麸皮=1∶1;固液比=1∶3;接种量9 mL种子液/100 g湿基;温度28℃,在此条件下发酵96 h,FPA和CMC酶活分别达到17.8 IU/g、187.0 IU/g,较优化前的12.3 IU/g、131.6 IU/g分别提高了45%和42%.     

转植酸酶基因海水小球藻生理生化的初步研究

从42个转植酸酶基因小球藻单克隆藻株中筛选出植酸酶产量较高的8个株藻,经过7次传代,各藻株的植酸酶活保持在稳定的状态,证实植酸酶基因在小球藻中获得了稳定表达.对转基因小球藻所产生植酸酶的性质进行了初步研究,结果表明此酶最适作用pH值为3.8和6.0,最适作用温度为65℃.在相同培养条件下,转基因藻与未转基因藻生理指标并无明显差异,说明外源植酸酶基因的转入对小球藻的生长及生理指标无明显影响.     

2,3-Dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase gene was first discovered in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3

Bacterium strain PJ3,isolated from wastewater and identified as Arthrobacter sp. bacterium based on its 16S rDNA gene,could use carbazole as the sole carbon,nitrogen and energy source. The genomic library of strain PJ3 was constructed and a positive clone JM109(pUCW402) was screened out for the expression of dioxygenase by the ability to form yellow ring-fission product. A 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase(23DHBD) gene of 933 bp was found in the 3360 bp exogenous fragment of pUCW402 by GenSCAN software and BLAST analysis. The phylogenetic analysis showed that 23DHBD from strain PJ3 formed a deep branch separate from a cluster containing most known 23DHBD in GenBank. Southern hybridization confirmed for the first time that the 23DHBD gene was from the genomic DNA of Arthrobacter sp. PJ3. In order to test the gene function,recombinant bacterium BL21(pETW-8) was constructed to express 23DHBD. The expression level in BL21(pETW-8) was highest compared with the recombinant bacteria JM109(pUCW402) and strain PJ3. We observed that 23DHBD was not absolute specific. The enzyme activity was higher with 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl as a substrate than with catechol. The substrate specificity assay suggested that 23DHBD was essential for cleavage of bi-cyclic aromatic compounds during the course of aromatic compound biodegradation in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3.     

A new species of Munromyia Bezzi (Diptera: Tephritidae) reared from Chionanthus battiscombei (Oleaceae) in northern Kenya

Munromyia marsabitensis sp. nov. is described from the isolated mountains of Marsabit in northern Kenya. It can be distinguished from the two known congeners by the thoracic and abdominal colour patterns, structure of the male and female terminalia, and host plants. Larvae are seed predators, developing within the green, aborted fruits of Chionanthus battiscombei. Over 70% of sampled fruits (n?=?74) were infested with larvae, but nearly all of the individually infested fruits (96.1%) produced only one adult tephritid. Bactrocera biguttula, but not M. marsabitensis, was reared from ripe fruits of the same plant.     

小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)产油脂最佳培养条件的筛选

以低温作为环境条件诱导小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)产脂,采用正交试验的方法来研究不同水平下Mn,K,Mg和S各元素对小球藻生长及脂肪产量的影响.本实验C N-1比为41.2:1,pH值范围为7.4~7.5之间,培养温度为15℃,P浓度为0.2~0.4 mmol.L-1,Fe浓度为0.04 mmol.L-1,以自养生长型式培养,而培养基成份根据BG11培养基作为基础进行改良.根据实验结果显示,脂肪产量最高为实验编号10(64.59 mg(100 mL)-1,64.59%),即锰及镁在一定程度上能促进小球藻的生长,且脂肪产率更高.     

Structure assignments of two new C-18-oxygenated steroidal ketals isolated from a pacific soft coral of the genusSinularia

Summary Two new C-18-oxygenated sterols possessing a spiroketal function (1 and2) have been isolated from a soft coral of the genusSinularia. The proposed structures are based on spectral data.     

A new species of the genus Liopeltis Fitzinger, 1843 from Vietnam (Squamata: Colubridae)

ABSTRACT

A new species of Liopeltis from central Vietnam is described based on morphological and molecular differences. Liopeltis pallidonuchalis sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: one single (or missing) loreal; one single nasal shield; dorsal scales in 15–15-15 rows, all smooth; 1 preocular, 2 postoculars and 1 + 2 temporals; 7 supralabials, of which 3^rd and 4^th in contact with the eye; 8 infralabials; nasal contacting internasal; prefrontal touching or separated from supralabials; ventral scales 126–138; subcaudal scales 67–73, paired; relative tail length about 0.274–0.301; an uniform bronze body colouration; a thin postocular stripe extending from eye to end of the neck becoming indistinct posteriorly. The new species differs from the morphologically closest species Liopeltis frenata by the lower number of ventrals and subcaudals, by characteristic colouration and significant divergence in cytochrome b mtDNA gene sequences (p = 15.3–15.6%). The new species is currently known from northen and central parts of the Annamite (Truong Son) Mountains, central Vietnam, and was recorded from montane evergreen tropical forests of Kon Tum–Gia Lai Plateau (Gia Lai and Thua Thien–Hue provinces, Da Nang City) at elevations of 950–1010 m asl to karst tropical forests in Quang Binh Province in the north at elevation 150 asl. We suggest the new species should be considered as Vulnerable (VU) following the IUCN’s Red List categories. An updated taxonomic key to the Liopeltis species is provided.     

A new shield-bug species Piezodorus grossi (Het.: Pentatomidae) from the Australasian region previously confused with P. hybneri (Gmelin)

Material previously identified as Piezodorus hybneri (Gmelin) from the Australasian region is here described as a new species, P. grossi sp. nov. The two species can be distinguished on the basis of the aedeagus in the male and spermathecal proximal duct in the female.     

南靖亚热带雨林美刺亮大蚊栖息

在南靖和溪亚热带雨林中分布有数种大蚊,美刺亮大蚊(Limonia (Euglochina) sp.)是雨林中唯一观察到在圆蛛科蜘蛛网上栖息的大蚊.因此我们对美刺亮大蚊和圆蛛科蜘蛛在蜘蛛网上的同现行为进行了观察研究.借助扫描电镜技术,在比较了其他大蚊、蜘蛛等节肢动物前跗节超微结构的基础上,对美刺亮大蚊栖息于蜘蛛网行为学的形态学机制进行了初步解析.文中也对美刺亮大蚊的聚集行为与雨林温湿度的关系进行了记录.     

苯酚处理海洋微藻生物学效应的研究

主要探讨了在培养液中添加不同质量浓度(0、10、20、30、40、50、60 mg/L)的苯酚后,培养单细胞微藻(塔胞藻)产生的生物学效应.结果发现,苯酚对细胞繁殖有明显的抑制作用,特别是当苯酚质量浓度达到40 mg/L以上时,在前2轮培养的微藻的繁殖能力与对照相比均表现显著差异,个别处理甚至出现极显著差异.另外,苯酚处理后还降低藻细胞内的多种内含物(如蛋白质、叶绿素、多糖等)含量.但是,当连续培养多代后,藻细胞对不良环境就产生了一定的适应能力.