Comparison of the accuracy of powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques in determining organic crystal structure

This study demonstrates the accuracy of pow- der X-ray diffraction （PXRD） in determining the crystal structures of four organic molecules by comparing the structural information obtained from both single-crystal X-ray diffraction （SXRD） and PXRD techniques. Results showed that the PXRD technique had approximately the same precision as the SXRD technique. The majority of the relative deviations from PXRD-derived lattice parameters were within 4-0.2 % of the correct values （average of the SXRD data）, whereas the relative deviations in bond lengths and angles are within 4-1,0 %, All of the relative deviations were subjected to normal statistical distributions （# = 0） and coincided with the SXRD data. As an auxiliary implement of SXRD, PXRD is clearly an effective and powerful technique in establishing an accurate character- ization of organic molecules.     

应用ABEEM_(σπ)模型研究非金属硼化物的电荷分布

通过大量量子化学计算,拟合确定了非金属硼化物体系模型分子的ABEEMσπ参数.将这些参数应用到ABEEMσπ模型中计算非金属硼化物模型分子的电荷分布,计算结果显示,ABEEMσπ模型计算得到的电荷分布与从头算计算的电荷分布都有很好的一致性.还计算了测试分子的电荷分布从而验证了ABEEMσπ参数的可转移性,电荷分布变化的规律是在BF3,BCl3,BBr3,BI3分子中B原子电荷逐渐减小,F,Cl,Br,I原子电荷逐渐增大.ABEEMσπ模型可以很好地应用于非金属硼化物的结构和性质的分析.     

Chiral ligand-protected gold nanoclusters: Considering the optical activity from a viewpoint of ligand dissymmetric field

Chirality is a geometric property of a physical, chemical, or biological object, which is not superimposable on its mirror image. Its significant presence has led to a strong demand in the development of chiral drugs, sensors, catalysts, and photofunctional materials. In recent years, chirality of nanoscale organic/inorganic hybrids has received tremendous attention owing to potential applications in chiral nanotechnology. In particular, with the recent progress in the syntheses and characterizations of atomically precise gold nanoclusters protected by achiral thiolates, atomic level origins of their chirality have been unveiled. On the other hand, chirality or optical activity in metal nanoclusters can also be introduced via the surface chiral ligands, which should be universal for the nanosystems. This tutorial review presents some optically-active metal (gold) nanoclusters protected by chiral thiolates or phosphines, and their chiroptical (or circular dichroism; CD) properties are discussed mostly from a viewpoint of the ligand dissymmetric field scheme. The examples are the gold nanoclusters protected by (R)-/(S)-2-phenylpropane-1-thiol, (R)-/(S)-mercaptosuccinic acid, phenylboronate-D/L-fructose complexes, phosphine sulfonate-ephedrinium ion pairs, or glutathione. Some methodologies for versatile asymmetric transformation and chiroptical controls of the nanocluster compounds are also described. In the dissymmetric field model as the origin of optical activity, the chiroptical responses of the gold nanoclusters are strongly associated with coupled oscillator and/or CD stealing mechanisms based on the concept of induced CD (ICD) derived from a perturbation theory, so on this basis, some characteristic features of the observed CD responses of chiral ligand-protected gold nanoclusters are presented in detail. We believe that various kinds of origins of chirality found in ligand-protected gold nanoclusters may provide models for understanding those of many related nanomaterials.     

HPLC法测定兔血浆中SFZ-47对映异构体浓度

建立家兔血浆中新抗炎镇痛剂 SFZ- 47[(± ) - 3H - 1 ,2 -二氢 - 2 - ( 4 -甲基苯胺基 ) -甲基 - 1 -吡咯里嗪酮 ]对映异构体浓度测定的高效液相色谱 ( HPL C)测定法 .采用反相 HPLC测定服药后血浆中 (± ) - SFZ- 47,同时收集其流出组分 .经浓缩后 ,再用 Chiral- AGP手性色谱柱进行对映异构体的直接分离 ,达到了良好的分离效果 .实验表明 ,动物体内药物动力学过程具有明显的立体选择性     

分子手术——纳米生物学的新领域

本文扼要地介绍了纳米生物学这一纳米科技与生物学的交叉科学。重点综述了分子手术这一21世纪的外科手术的发展历程和研究进展,并对分子手术及其应用前景做了展望。     

基因芯片的应用

基因芯片技术是建立在杂交序列基本理论上的分子生物学技术，具有高度平行性、多样性、微型化和自动化的特点．目前，该技术已用于DNA测序、基因表达分析、新基因的发现、基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)研究、基因诊断、药物筛选等领域，而且其应用范围还在不断扩展．本丈概述了基因芯片的原理及应用。     

人造双原子分子的自旋极化电子输运

利用非平衡格林函数方法研究了Aharonov-Bohm环中人造双原子分子的自旋极化电子输运性质.计算了量子点中自旋相关的占有数、自旋积累以及系统总电导和自旋极化率.发现两电极之间的耦合强度以及量子点之间的耦合强度对系统自旋相关输运性质以及总的电导有重要影响.     

弱L-fuzzy Hausdorff空间及其性质

研究了弱L-fuzzy Hausdorff空间的性质，包括L-好的推广、遗传性、可乘性、弱同胚不变性及其与其他分离性的关系．讨论了弱L-fuzzy Hausdorff空间范畴的性质，证明了弱L-fuzzy Hausdorff空间范畴是次To拓扑空间范畴的满子范畴及弱L-fuzzy Hausdorff空间范畴是完备范畴．     

多巴胺D3R蛋白同源模建及其应用

以分辨率为2.2的牛视紫红质蛋白的晶体结构为模板,采用同源模建方法,建立D3R模蛋白。对接D3R模蛋白与刺桐属配体分子,在对接的D3R蛋白的结合腔中选定一个以药物分子为质心,以半径为6的空间范围,计算此空间范围内的所有氨基酸残基与配体分子的作用能量,即残基/配体的结合能或排斥能,据此得到配体分子与受体蛋白的活性结合位点。     

RAPD分子标记技术概述及应用

阐述了RAPD分子标记技术的原理和优缺点,着重介绍了RAPD分子标记技术在植物育种中的应用。