南华北地区奥陶系古喀斯特特征及其储层前景

南华北地区奥陶系古喀斯特广泛发育,为油气成藏提供了有利条件.通过野外露头剖面观测、钻井岩心观察,奥陶系古喀斯特主要发育于下奥陶统亮甲山组和奥陶系顶部,表现为不整合面(风化壳)残积物、喀斯特角砾、溶蚀孔洞缝等特征.将奥陶系古喀斯特划分为同生期、表生期和埋藏期喀斯特三类,同时讨论了影响和控制奥陶系古喀斯特发育的因素,其中构造、岩性、气候和古地貌为主要因素.研究区受构造隆升控制的表生期喀斯特和同生期喀斯特在横向上分布连续,有利于喀斯特储层发育;另外,奥陶系埋藏期喀斯特广泛发育,也有可能形成有利储层.     

VSD模型在评估煤层气储量中的应用

煤层气是非常规天然气的一种,是国内天然气产量的重要组成部分.经过多年勘探开发,沁水盆地南部和鄂尔多斯盆地东部已经形成多了商业开发区块,获得了大量精确的储量数据;但中国煤层气分布广泛,勘探程度不一,储量认知程度严重不均衡.通过勘探程度较高的储量数据来预测所有区块的储量.为了正确预测和评价国内煤层气资源量.评价模型中选用VSD(variable shape distribution)模型,与常规分形分布模型相比,比如对数正态分布和帕累托分布,具有精度高,拟合灵活准确的特点.在成熟度高的气田储量基础上,拟合出VS模型所需的参数,然后利用这套参数预测评价出国内81个煤层气区块的资源量,为煤层气的勘探部署和经济分析提供参考数据.     

白璧中的微瑕──对白寿彝主编《中国通史》中科技史知识的“吹毛求疵”

白寿彝先生主编的《中国通史》是中国历史研究的皇　皇巨著。对于科技史知识给予了充分重视,是它有别于传统中国历史学著作的一个显著特点　。但是,书中的科技史部分也存在着诸如叙述不准确、概念不清楚、对科学原理理解有误、　对古代科技文献解读有偏差之类的问题。这些问题的存在,无损于该书所享有的崇高的学术地位。     

Carbonate dissolution and deep-water paleoceanography of the South China Sea since the Middle Pleistocene

Based on the data of oxygen isotope, micropaleontology and paleomagnetism, we set up the detailed chronology of Core 17957-2 from the southern South China Sea and discuss the change of carbonate dissolution over the last 800 ka. Down-core variation of carbonate content records the “Pacific-type” cycle of higher glacial values and lower interglacial values, though the core lies above the modern lysocline. Carbonate dissolution indices indicate that several severe dissolution of CaCO₃happened during the transition from interglacial to glacial stages. Spectral analyses of these indices show that the carbonate dissolution periodicities are mainly made up of 500 ka and 100 ka. Compared with the cycles of carbonate dissolution of the Indian Ocean, the long-term (500-ka) periodicity reflects the characteristic of the deep-water circulation of the oceans.     

A possible relict mantle wedge: Geochemical evidence from Paleogene volcanics in North China

The major and trace element and isotopic composition were analyzed for the Paleogene volcanics in North China dated by the K-Ar method. The geochemical data show that most volcanics are in calc-alkaline series and the minor is in alkaline series. They differ obviously from Neogene and Quaternary volcanics in geochemistry. In particular, the Paleogene volcanics from the southern part of North China were derived from enriched lithospheric mantle (EMII), which were likely to be a relict mantle wedge formed during the subduction of the Yangtze plate into the North China plate in late Triassic (Indo-Sinian).     

Geochronology of the Hannan intrusive complex to adjoin the Qinling orogen and its rapid cooling reason

The geochronological works for the Hannan intrusive complex, cosisting of the gabbro-quartz dio-rite-plagiogranite bodies, in the north border of the Yangtze craton block, adjoining the Qinling orogen, are reported, because its age and genesis are of great importance to research of the tectonic evalutional history for the Qinling orogen and of the rifted processes for the Late Proterozoic supercontinent Rodinia. A good isochron of t=(837±26) Ma (2σ), corresponding to INd=0.51165±2(2σ), εNd(t)=+1.9, MSWD1.02, was difined by the Nd isotopic analytical results for the 21 whole-rock samples from the varied lithological complex bodies, but for the Rb-Sr isotopic aralytical data there is no isochron. The 40Ar/39Ar plateau age of the biotite, sorted from plagiogranites, is (796±20) Ma(2σ), and yet for the Rb-Sr isotopic data of the plagiogranite whole-rock samples (WR) and the sorted biotite (Bio), plagioclase (Plag) and apatite (Apt) mineral samples from the plagiogranitewhole-rock samples, an isochron of t=(824.86±3.8) Ma (2σ) with ISr=0.70393±14(2σ), MSWD2.44 is given. The U-Pb isotopic results for the single zircon, sorted from pla-giogranite samples, yielded an upper and a lower intercept ages of -876 Ma and -273 Ma. The Nd isotope data of complex indicate that it is probably the products of crystallization differentiation from the magma with 3333Nd>0 when the rapid uplift in 837-800 Ma took place in the northern border of the Yangtze craton block.     

厦门养殖石斑鱼两种贝尼登单殖吸虫记述

报道厦门海域网箱养殖的石斑鱼广泛流行感染的2种贝尼登单殖吸虫病原,它们是：康吉新贝尼登虫Neobenedeniella congeri(Yamaguti,1958)Yamaguti,1963和片卷涡异贝尼登虫Allobenedenia convoluta(Yamaguti,1937)Yamaguti,1963,均寄生于青石斑鱼（Epinephelus awoara)。这两种贝尼登虫均隶属于单殖吸虫目分室科（Capsalidae) 的贝尼登亚科（Benedeniinae)。对这2种贝尼登虫病原进行了形态记述和感染报道,并对这两种贝尼登虫病原在厦门海水养殖石斑鱼中的流行感染情况进行了简单介绍。     

浅议西部大开发

文章从西部地区的历史和现状出发,论述了西部大开发的战略意义。     

贵州藓类植物新资料

贵州省位于中国西南,藓类植物资源十分丰富.现已知有藓类植物714种和种以下的分类单位.作者根据1997-1998年间在贵州各地采集的约1 200号标本的整理和鉴定,报道其中8个贵州新记录种类;其中,同叶藓属的lsopterygium micropiumosum(C.Muell.)Broth.和青藓属的Brachythecium capillaceum(Web.&Mohr.)Broth为中国新记录.     

中国柳叶藓科Amblystegiaceae的数值分类

作者在对国内外 2 1个主要苔藓植物标本馆的有关中国柳叶藓科Amblystegiaceae的 3,0 0 0余份标本 ,包括 4 9份模式标本 ,全面系统的形态解剖学和分类学研究的基础上 ,采用等级聚类分析方法 ,对其属种间的系统关系进行数值分类分析。数值分类分析结果支持了近年来对柳叶藓科植物修订的某些属的概念 :传统上定义很广的细湿藓属和水灰藓属不是一个很自然的分类类群 ,柳叶藓属、湿柳藓属和薄网藓属可以同归于柳叶藓属 ,适合将毛叶镰刀藓归并入范氏藓属中