The extent of coral bleaching in Rodrigues, 2002

The reefs of Rodrigues were some of the few reef areas in the Indian Ocean to escape the mass coral bleaching event of 1997–1998. However, during the last 2 weeks of February 2002 Rodrigues experienced sea-water temperatures over 30°C, clear skies and calm seas. Rapid assessments of the degree of coral bleaching and coral mortality were carried out at 22 sites around the coast of Rodrigues during March 2002. The surveys showed that the bleaching event in Rodrigues was not widespread, occurring at less than one-third of the sites surveyed and that coral mortality was restricted to sites in the north and west of the island. Where mortality did occur, it was severe, affecting up to 75% of corals at some sites. Coral species most vulnerable were Acropora cytherea and Acropora abrotanoides, which suffered up to 100% mortality. These colonies were still standing and had been very recently overgrown with turf algae. At present the reefs around Rodrigues are in good health, however, they are being impacted by over-fishing and sedimentation, and proposed developments have the potential to cause further damage to the reefs. It is likely that stressed corals will recover from bleaching events more slowly. It is therefore important that the coral reefs in Rodrigues are adequately protected from human impacts in order to increase their chances of surviving future bleaching events.     

海潭岛潮下带多毛类的分布

１９９０年５月至１９９１年２月在海潭岛潮下带采得１１４８号多毛类标本，经初步鉴定计有１３０种，隶属于３５科８６瞩，出现频率、生物量和栖息密度占优势的是双鳃内卷齿蚕、不倒翁虫、花冈钧毛虫、双形拟单指虫、独毛虫、短叶索沙蚕、锥唇吻沙蚕和大海蛹。多毛类区系组成特点以热带、亚热带种占优势，年平均生物量为２．１３ｇ／ｍ￣２，年平均密度为１３６个／ｍ￣２。多毛类的分布取决于许多因素，底质、盐度是制约水平分布的主要因素，温度和水动力扰动也有重要的作用．     

浙江北麂山列岛岩相潮间带贝类的种类组成与群落特征

1997年4月至1999年9月，进行了北麂山列岛岩礁相潮间带贝类的生态调查研究，经整理、鉴定，共得出相潮间带贝类86种，其中多板类8种，双壳类27种，腹足类51种，主要经济种类21种。本文对其种类组成、定量样本的出现频率、采样断面的种数分布、各断面不同季节不同潮区（站点）的贝类种类、生态特点进行了分析，讨论了以定量样本中的出现频率来作为群落生物优势种的指标。     

The genesis and environmental significance of red and black sedimentary interlayers in coral reef of well Nanyong 2

The results of paleogeomagnetics and geochemistry of the coral reef in well Nanyong 2 of Nansha Islands showed that the bottom of the black sedimentary interlayer corresponds to the conversion boundary line between Brunhes Postive Polarity and Matuyama Reversed Polarity (B/M) and the cold/warm (19/20) climatic conversion bounds on δ¹⁸O curve, 0.78 Ma ago; and the red sedimentary interlayer corresponds to the ReunionⅠpolarity excursion (reversion) of the geomagnetic field, 2.01—2.04 Ma ago. Comparing with the normal light-coloured coral reef rock, the magnetic susceptibility (c), residual magnetization intensity (Mr) and the content of MnO and Fe₂O₃ of the black sedimentary layer appeared obviously positive abnormity. The magnetic susceptibility (c), residual magnetization intensity (Mr) and the content of Fe₂O₃ of the red sedimentary layer also appeared positive abnormity. Combining with the analyzing results of paleontology, we hold that this pair of special and typical sedimentary interlayers was relative to the sudden change of paleoclimate, i.e. the global climatic change and its incidental polarity reversal of the geomagnetic field directly affected the living environment of the paleontological species as well as the dispersion and enrichment of some chemical elements, especially the elements sensitive to redox such as Fe and Mn. For example, the elements Fe and Mn concentrated in the glacial period would be largely oxidized and diluted when the climate warmed up suddenly, and the originally oxidized high valence Fe would be condensed again when the climate cooled suddenly. This is possibly one of the important reasons of appearing and disappearing of the red and black sedimentary events of coral reef in well Nanyong 2.     

Provenance and status of Galaxias smithii Regan (1905) (Teleostei: Galaxiidae)

Galaxias smithii (Regan, 1905) (a junior synonym of G. platei Steindachner) is known only from the holotype, ostensibly collected from the Falkland Islands by Sir A. Smith. No further specimens of this fish have been reported from the islands, despite a recent intensive collection trip (146 sites in November, 1999). Analysis of material and documentation associated with the holotype and its purported collector, and additional information associated with other galaxiid specimens in the Natural History Museum, London, cast doubts on the authenticity of the origin and collector of the specimen. It is therefore suggested that occurrence of G. platei in Falkland Islands freshwaters should be rejected unless and until evidence to the contrary is obtained.     

Some heteronemerteans (Nemertea) from the Solomon Islands

Three species of heteronemerteans are recorded from the Solomon Islands. Baseodiscus quinquelineatus has previously been reported from the islands, but Notospermus tricuspidatus has not. The third species, Kukumia solomonensis gen. et sp. nov., is fully described and illustrated. We compared the 18S rDNA gene sequence from this species with five other heteronemertean species from which the sequence of this gene is known. Phylogenetic analysis using three palaeonemertean species as outgroup corroborated a relationship with lineid taxa.     

Spatial and temporal variations of zooplankton composition and quantity distribution in the upper waters around Nansha Islands

This study aims to examine spatial and temporal variations of zooplankton species composition, density and biomass distribution and community structure, based on the data obtained from three separate cruises carded out in November 1997, April and July 1999. Results show that 244 species of zooplankton and 8 groups of planktonic larvae were identified, which were dominated by copepods, followed by amphipods, ostracods and medusae. The total species were 201 and 198 for the cruises of November 1997 and July 1999, respectively, and no obvious seasonal variation of species richness was observed. The distribution of zooplankton species richness decreased from pelagic to coastal waters. Average richness of species in each station was higher in the cruises of November 1997（62） and April 1999（61） than in the cruise in July 1999 （56）, which was mainly a result from the pelagic or coastal water mass movement made by the monsoon. Zooplankton in the upper waters （0--100 m） around Nansha Islands belonged to the typical tropic pelagic fauna, most of them were pelagic warm-water species, followed by coastal warm-water species and euryhaline warm-water species. The number of dominant species ranged from 5 to 7 in each cruise. No obvious seasonal succession of dominant species was ob- served. Sagitta enflata, Cypridina narni, Cosmocalanus darwinii, Pleuromamma gracilis and Echino-pluteus larva were the main dominant species. The average of zooplankton biomass and density in three cruises were 31, 32, 28 mg·m^-3 and 31, 39, 35 ind·m^-3, respectively. Copepods were the most abundant, followed by chaetognaths. Zooplankton high biomass distributed mainly in the northwestern waters around Nansha Islands, and generally occurred in the areas of oceanic front and upweUing. The main reason for zooplankton quantity without obvious seasonal variation was the relative steady temperature dynamics in the waters around Nansha Islands.     

一株西沙群岛野生诺尼种子的内生细菌CICC 10594的分离与鉴定

以中国西沙群岛野生诺尼种子的内生细菌菌株CICC 10594为研究对象,利用基于形态学观察、生理生化特征鉴定及系统发育学分析的微生物多相分类鉴定技术,对CICC 10594的分类地位进行了鉴定与分析,结果显示,CICC10594为阴沟肠杆菌.     

海岛旅游开发及生态风险评价研究现状分析

旅游业的发展速度持续保持增强的势头,其中对于海岛的开发利用比较典型,因为它是一个相对独立的生态系统,资源以及当地居民的风俗习惯也是比较独立,因此本文通过对于海岛旅游的开发现状予以总结,分析了国内外海岛旅游的开发特点以及两者之间的差别,然后引入海岛生态风险评价的相关内容,突出评价的重要性。     

海岛人口容量与承载力的初步研究--以辽宁长山群岛为例

国内外学术界对广大陆域人口土地承载力的研究比较深入,而对海洋的人口承载力的研究则很少,对海岛人口容量与承载力的研究,不仅涉及陆土地资源,还应包括其周围的海洋生物资源。在海洋生物资源中,以鱼、虾、贝类等水产资源提供的蛋白质对人脑和体力发育最为有益,通过人类对蛋白质需求的转换,可以满足人类对食物的需求。通过对长山群岛－长海县人口的预测和海水养殖业的发展所能提供的蛋白质分析,研究海岛人口容量与人口承载力