牟定城区面山三种人工林群落比较水文生态学研究

利用标准径流小区技术,对牟定县3种人工林群落进行了比较水文生态学研究。研究表明,直干桉－黑荆混交林和云南松人工林群落与无林地对照、直干桉人工林群落相比,具有强的径流调控能力;在个体水文生态作用方面,直干桉和黑荆树冠截留能力比云南松强,而云南松树干茎流量较高,直干桉树冠下降雨量比云南松、黑荆要大。不同树种水文生态作用的差异与其树种的生物学特征特性有关。几种树种冠下降雨量、树干茎流量、树冠截留量与降雨量有很好的相关性,可以用线性回归方程来模拟。人工林群落对径流的调控,主要体现在人工林群落使地表径流发生频率降低,径流量减小。人工林群落对径流的调控能力是无林地的4倍,但是在高的降雨强度下,这种调控能力会明显降低。     

华南自然保护区淡水鱼类研究初报

对华南广西壮族自治区,广东及海南3省的自然保护区淡水鱼类进行调查,发现淡水鱼类6目20科68属106种,并对华南新记录种武昌副沙鳅（Parabotia banarescui)进行了描述。     

320国道贵州昌明至景阳段及其邻近地区的古银杏调查--贵州古银杏种质资源调查资料Ⅳ

同已有的调查相反,本文涉及的调查区域较大,含1线3点15个自然村和3个县的地域。着重研究银杏的区域地理分布特点。但其调查研究的方法和内容是相同的。包括快速踏查、目测、实测、记录、绘图及摄影等。对一些“多代同株”的银杏大树、则快中有慢、粗中有细。经6次进出终于掌握了较丰富的第一手资料,取得三大系列数据：“320国道贵阳昌明至景阳段及其邻近地区银杏调查总表”、“320国道调研地区的银杏种群物候型成分表”及“320国道研究区村落及银杏分布示意图”等。调查研究结果表明：调查地区内至今还存在着一个树龄极大已处于濒死木阶段的古银杏群体。该群体至少出现于2000－3000年以前的西州（原始农业初期）至三国时代,远远早于已知的银杏始种于宋的历史。因此,该古银杏群体应该是野生的。进一步分析表明：其他小于该古树群的大量个体,应大部为该古银杏群的查接后裔。凭借自然繁殖的能力和人民群众的习俗爱护,野生或半野生地生长,发育和延袭至今。根据已发表和即将发表的资料得知：320国道贵州昌明至景阳地区的古银杏群,应属贵州野根分布中心南缘古银杏群的一个残存部分。该残存部分以近村落、链珠状分布式集中分布于山谷盆地边缘,或呈斑点状或独株分布。其诸多特征表明,它同园艺学人工栽培银杏无缘。此外,本文还报导了“瓮城新寨性变枝银杏”和“瓮城老察古银杏雄树群”等资料。     

遥感技术在森林火灾信息提取中的应用

利用森林火灾后的TM影像 ,应用最佳波段监督分类法、第三主成分分量 (PC3)滤波阈值法和IHS变换法对罗源县境内的历年森林火灾信息进行提取 .通过对比发现最佳波段监督分类法和PC3滤波阈值法的森林火灾信息提取精度较高 ,而IHS变化法效果较差 .同时还分析了影响精度的原因 ,提出利用地形、地理特征来提高火烧迹地信息提取精度的观点 .     

红鳞蒲桃季雨林重要树种的物候特征

在广西海岸巫头村野生红鳞蒲桃(Syzygium hancei Merr.et Perry)季雨林中选择重要值较大的红鳞蒲桃、膝柄木(Bhesa robusta(Roxb)D.Hou)、滨木患(Arytera littoralis Bl.)和紫荆木(Madhuca pasquieri(Dubard)Lam.)4个树种进行物候观测研究,结果表明:各树种繁殖生长指数(R/V)以红鳞蒲桃1.4最适宜,膝柄木0.7投入不足,紫荆木5.0投入过大,后两者是濒危植物。红鳞蒲桃和膝柄木在2~3月出新梢,温度是主要影响因子;紫荆木在5月出新梢,降水量和日照时数是主要影响因子。膝柄木9月开花,旱季来临的信号是触发因子。红鳞蒲桃、滨木患和紫荆木均在雨季开花,4个树种的果期均出现在一年中的旱季。     

基于CGRU模型的语音情感识别研究与实现

语音情感识别是人机交互、情感计算中重要的研究方向.目前普遍使用深度神经网络用于语音情感特征的提取，但使用哪种神经网络模型、如何缓解模型过拟合问题还需进一步研究.针对这些问题，提出了一种结合一维卷积(CNN)以及门控循环单元(GRU)的CGRU模型，从原始语音信号的MFCC特征中提取语音的低阶以及高阶情感特征，并通过随机森林对其进行特征选择，在三种公用的情感语料库EMODB，SAVEE，RAVDESS上分别取得了79%，69%以及75%的识别精度.通过添加高斯噪声及改变速度等方法来增加样本量实现数据扩充，进一步提高了识别精度.通过在线识别系统验证了模型在实际环境中的可用性.     

生态公益林效益监测评价分析

生态公益林效益监测是评价公益林保护成效的重要组成部分。论述了生态公益林效益监测的对象、方法、作用及特点,分析了效益监测中存在的问题和不足,提出了加大公益林效益监测资金投入、构建监测体系、实现数据共享等对策建议。     

Description and ecology of a new species of sun spider (Arachnida: Solifugae) from the Brazilian Cerrado

A new species of solifuge from São Paulo State, south-eastern Brazil, is described, together with its phenology, habitat use, activity pattern and the effect of fire on the population. Mummucia coaraciandu n. sp. differs from other Mummuciidae in cheliceral dentition and pleurite coloration. Over a one-year period, 649 individuals of M. coaraciandu were captured in 72 pitfall traps distributed in three Cerrado physiognomies: borders of gallery forest (N=53), campo sujo (N=561) and campo cerrado (N=35). The species is diurnal and showed two peaks of surface activity during the year: the highest peak occurred in the cold–dry season (June to July) and the smaller peak in the middle of the warm–wet season (December to February). The number of individuals per trap was negatively correlated with the mean monthly temperature, but showed no correlation with the monthly precipitation. The sex ratio was male-biased (7:1) and the number of males trapped was positively correlated with the number of reproductive females. More individuals were trapped in burned areas when compared with unburned areas 1 month after the fire. This difference between the two areas was not observed 1 month before and 3–4 months after the passage of the fire (when the vegetation had recovered). Mummucia coaraciandu is the second solifuge described from the Brazilian Cerrado and its ecology is very similar to that of Mummucia mauryi from Caatinga vegetation.     

Tanypodine midges of the genus Ablabesmyia Johannsen (Diptera: Chironomidae) from West Bengal with a note on their seasonal incidence and sex ratios

Summary

A key to the species of the subgenus Ablabesmyia occurring in India is provided. Four new species of Ablabesmyia, alba, ensiceps, maculitibialis and transversus are described. Systematic positions of paivai (Kieffer) and photophilus (Kieffer) in the genus are confirmed and is placed in the subgenus Karelia Roback previously unrecognised in the Oriental region. Seasonal incidence and sex ratio of some species are given.     

Microhabitat use and intraspecific associations in the whip spider Heterophrynus longicornis (Arachnida: Amblypygi) in forest fragments formed by the Tucuruí Dam lake,Pará, Brazil

The effect of forest fragmentation on the abundance of the whip spiders Heterophrynus longicornis (Butler 1973) in land-bridge island fragments created by the lake formed by Tucuruí Dam, Pará, Brazil, was investigated. These fragments have been isolated for at least 23 years, on small islands that range in size from 12.9 to 91.3 ha. The abundance of whip spiders was calculated in 100 m transects on eight islands, both in the edge and in the interior of the islands. There were no differences in whip spider abundance between the edge or interior of islands, but the whip spiders strongly preferred areas with greater numbers of trees, trees with a DBH between 10 to 50 cm, and trees with termite nests. Over 31% of the whip spiders were found in association with other individuals on the same tree. Individuals were found in mother–offspring associations, mating pairs, and in mixed-age sex groups.