病原菌对白车轴草生长及活性氧代谢的影响

研究了病原菌对野外白车轴草生长及活性氧代谢系统的影响.结果表明:感病株与对照株相比,植株矮小,单株鲜重和可溶性蛋白含量均明显减少;叶片发黄,叶片色素含量下降.同时,叶片细胞膜透性增大,电导率显著升高,丙二醛(MDA)含量上升;且活性氧清除系统遭到破坏,保护酶系统失衡,超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著下降,分别为对照的86.15%和86.23%;过氧化物酶(POD)活性却明显上升,为对照的1.41倍.     

竹节状CNTs/CdS核壳纳米线的制备与形态特征

以竹节状碳纳米管(CNTs)为模板,采用常温化学还原路线制备了CNTs/CdS核壳纳米线,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了产物的微观形貌,用X射线衍射(XRD)技术分析了产物的物相,证实所得产物由CNTs与六方格子的CdS纳米晶体构成,具有核壳纳米线结构.研究发现CNTs竹节状的形态特点影响了得到的核壳结构的纳米线的微观形貌.在反应物浓度较低时,CdS晶体不像在侧壁平直的CNTs表面生长那样均匀包覆在CNTs表面,而是呈现根瘤状形貌;当反应物浓度升高时,CdS晶体均匀包覆在CNTs表面.当把还原反应时间缩短(如15m in),观察到CNTs环绕在CdS纳米晶体表面的新形态,推测这与CNTs的竹节状特殊形态有关.这些结果对于阐明CNTs/化合物半导体复合材料的形态结构控制原理和开发新材料具有重要参考价值.     

杨树不同器官蛋白质和3种氮代谢酶的动态变化

以杨树无性系797杨(Populus deltoides×P.euramericana)1年生苗为材料,对不同器官蛋白质含量与硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、蛋白酶等3种氮代谢关键酶的动态变化与关系进行了研究。结果表明:杨树不同器官(木质部、皮层、根部)蛋白质含量在芽萌发期间(4月中旬)最低,木质部和皮层是杨树越冬期间贮藏蛋白质的主要贮存场所,根部相对较低。叶片和根部硝酸还原酶(NR)活性分别在9月初和10月中旬达到最大,落叶前后明显下降。叶片谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性在5月中旬和10月中旬有两次高峰,与蛋白质变化趋势一致,而根部在芽萌发期间达到最大,与蛋白质变化趋势相反,两部位GS活性落叶前后明显下降。根部蛋白酶在春季芽萌发期间随着贮藏蛋白质的降解其活性逐渐上升,落叶前后,亦呈上升趋势,与蛋白质含量呈显著的负相关关系。     

Experimental data on the energetic flux during glycolytic oscillations in yeast extracts

Calorimetric experiments were performed on yeast extracts in which glycolytic oscillations were occurring. High metabolic fluxes coincided with low amplitudes and with high frequencies in a temperature range from 283 to 303 K, yielding an activation energy ofE _a=76.8 kJ mol^–1 and a mean Q₁₀ value of 2.5±0.4. The calorimetrically determined reaction enthalpy _fH^0, of the glycolytic catabolism of glucose revealed two distinct groups of extract preparations, with no intermediate values. The values were –107.5±28.7 kJ mol^–1 and –30.8±5.7 kJmol^–1, respectively, while –100.0 kJ mol^–1 was predicted from theoretical calculations. Kreuzberg and Betz⁶ predicted rate limiting effects of GAPDH in oscillating extracts. However, when possible effects of GAPDH on frequency, number of oscillations or total heat production were examined, no influence of increasing or reducing the initial GAPDH concentration could be found. The results are discussed with reference to existing models of glycolytic oscillations.     

基于产业生态系统资源代谢的内蒙古房地产业健康稳定发展研究

房地产作为中国的支柱产业,其健康稳定发展问题一直是国家和社会的关注重点.但以往大部分的关注焦点都集中在投资平稳、供求平衡和房价稳定等方面,没有过多考虑房地产业的工作效率和可持续发展问题.本文基于产业生态系统资源代谢,构建出了以房地产业为核心的内蒙古地区房地产产业生态系统,以物质流分析方法为理论基础构建了系统内资源代谢流图并进行了分析,以价值工程分析理念结合生态足迹分析法建立起了生态可持续指数.最后,通过2013～2018年内蒙古地区的数据来进行实证分析,最终提出房地产业健康稳定发展的理想形态,以期房地产业长久、健康、稳定地发展下去.     

Biporous nanocarbon foams and the effect of the structure on the capillary performance

Biporous nanocarbon foams (NC foams) which have both nano-pores and micro-pores,were fabricated and used to explore the liquid transportation in the porous structures formed by nanomaterials.Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to observe the structure of the NC foams.Capillary rise tests using acetone as the working fluid were conducted by the IR thermal imaging method.The results show that the capillary rise height of the NC foam with 65μm micro-pore size was 47%higher than that with 9μm micro-pore size in 50 s.The capillary performance of the NC foams was reduced when its density was higher than 60 mg/cm~3.A model is built to illustrate the effect of both nano-structure and micro-structure on the transportation of working fluid in the biporous foam.The data indicates that the nano-structure generated high capillary pressure while the microstructure provided low resistant pathways for fast liquid transportation.The size of micro-pores and the ratio of micro-pores to nano-pores were two important factors.It is demonstrated that the NC foams had large sorption capacity up to 878 mg/cm~3and their capillary performance was further enhanced when using a substrate.     

碳交易市场的利益博弈问题研究 ——基于层次分析法和夏普利值法视角

Through establishing Carbon Trading Platform (Carbon Trading Alliance) in the Carbon Trading Market, each participant can benefit more from the cooperation. But, the distributing mechanism of earnings of the market nowadays has a great influence on the development of Carbon Trading Platform. Based on that, the paper firstly utilize the traditional shapley value method to distribute the cooperative earnings of the Carbon Trading Market. Then, the risking factors taken by alliance members were brought in, and the weights of risks obtained trough the method of AHP, and risking coefficient was received. At last the existing results were corrected and the final distribution results were obtained. Finally, an example is used to verify the theory above. The research results show that the allocation system, taking risking factors into account, can improve the members'' enthusiasm to participate in the Carbon Trading Platform and promote the development and improvement of the Carbon Trading Platform and the market. Therefore, the results of this paper can provide a reference for policymakers of Carbon Trading Market.     

消化活动与短期饥饿对不同摄食习性鱼类最大代谢的影响

为考察不同摄食习性鱼类在消化活动期间及短期饥饿后最大代谢的变化情况，在24 ℃条件下，测定南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis)、锦鲫(Carassius auratus)、丁鱥(Tinca tinca)和鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)的幼鱼在消化活动期间及短期饥饿后的最大代谢率(maximum metabolic rate，MMR)。研究结果显示：1) 在种间水平上，积极摄食的锦鲫在消化活动时的MMR比其他鱼类在消化活动时的MMR更高，数据差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05)；伏击取食的南方鲇在短期饥饿后的MMR比其他摄食习性鱼类在短期饥饿后的MMR更低，数据差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。2) 在种内水平上，锦鲫在消化活动时的MMR与对照组相比有统计学意义上的提升(p<0.05)，南方鲇、丁鱥和鲢在消化活动时的MMR与对照组相比变化不明显；短期饥饿后的南方鲇MMR与对照组相比有统计学意义上的下降(p<0.05)，锦鲫、丁鱥、鲢在短期饥饿后的MMR与对照组相比变化不明显。积极摄食的锦鲫心-鳃系统能力强，能够快速消化食物，因此在消化活动时MMR明显上升；伏击取食的南方鲇因采取典型的消化优先模式，故消化活动期间MMR有所降低；丁鱥和鲢单次摄食量少，因而摄食后MMR上升不明显。在经历短期饥饿后，4种鱼类均下调自身生理功能以降低能量消耗。