硝酸氧化法对碳纳米管进行纯化及开管研究

利用硝酸氧化法对碳纳米管进行纯化及开管,考察了温度、硝酸浓度、时间等因素对反应的影响,得到了最佳工艺条件。     

298.15K下ccl4在CH3OH—C6H6混合物中的偏摩尔体积

有若干原因促使人们使用混合溶剂,例如对溶解度的技术要求,欲改变溶剂的介电常数,都常常改变溶剂的组成。人们研究溶剂结构及其对溶质性质的影响,则把潜溶剂加入水中就会对溶剂的结构产生影响。关于混合溶剂中各种化学问题的讨论,都必须考虑组份内和组份间的这两种相互作用,体积函数比较直观,有助于对其它偏摩尔数量的理解。近年来,由于商品密度计的开发,对溶液密度的直接测量前进了一步,此种密度计仅需要较小体积的溶液和提供了10~(-6)(克)的准确度。本文采用“高精度读数式液体流动密度计”,测定四氯化碳在甲醇—苯体系中偏摩尔体积。以第三组分在二元混合物中偏摩尔性质变化,探讨三元系中分子间相互作用和机理。     

碳纤维微电极微分脉冲伏安法测定茶碱的研究

本文研究了碳纤维微电极微分脉冲伏安法测定茶碱的最佳条件及电极反应的可逆性,并将该方法用于药物制剂中茶碱的分析,得到满意结果。     

生命起源的新探索与生命现象的新解释

本文对从分子的化学演化到形成生命这个从量变到质变的过程进行了新的探讨,同时对一些生命现象的本质作了全新的解释。     

固态高聚物的固体高分辩~(13)C核磁共振研究

本文描述了固体高分子在磁场中的行为.用固体高分辨~(13)C 核磁共振(NMR)研究了不同条件下结晶聚乙稀的多相结构.利用化学位移、各相中弛予时问T_(■e),T~(2■)的不同和不同的脉冲序列对结晶、界面、非晶相成分能够分别进行选择性观测.对定量测出的各成分量进行了讨论,并得到界面相厚度,和Flory 最近提出的格子模型理论计算值比较的结果说明:从较低分子量及稀溶液结晶的聚乙稀界面层厚度值和Flory 理论计算值一致.     

双相钢组织与性能关系的回归分析

本文根据120rMo、13MnVN钢双相组织的不同形态,提出了表征双相组织特点的组织参量,并利用数理统计方法建立了组织参量与性能之间关系的多元回归方程,初步做到了对组织、性能的预测。试验结果表明,马氏体平均自由程,马氏体、铁素体相界数量都是影响双相钢强度、延性的重要因素。     

Ni/α-Al_2O_3催化剂中镍晶粒粒度分布对抗积碳性能的影响

烃类汽转化催化剂Ni/α—Al_2O_3的抗积碳性能随镍晶粒分布有显著变化。本文用X—射线小角散射法对镍晶粒分布进行了测定,用正庚烷蒸汽转化反应测定了催化剂抗积碳性能。结果表明,镍催化剂的积碳速率随大晶粒比率的增加而加快。用适量稀土氧化物(La_2O_3)将载体进行改性,能增强金属—载体之间的相互作用,镍的分散度显著增加,从而可提高镍催化剂的抗结碳性能。考察了高温(987K)水热处理后不同镧含量催化剂的抗积碳性能。结果表明,随着水热处理时间的延长,镍晶粒先熔结变大,到一定程度后再分散变小。与其对应,积碳速率先增大到一个峰值,然后下降。     

Neuroendocrine control of carbohydrate metabolism in the freshwater bivalve molluscLamellidens marginalis

Summary Blood sugars and foot muscle glycogen were measured in the mussel,L. marginalis after ablation of the cerebral ganglia, and in mussels injected with cerebral ganglionic extract 3 h after ablation. There is a rise in the blood sugar and decrease in foot muscle glycogen 3 h after operation, but no change in sham-operated controls. The effect of ablation is reversed by injecting brain extract into ablated mussels. No such effect could be seen in the controls. The results are suggestive of the presence, in the cerebral ganglia, of a hypoglycaemic factor similar to insulin.     

Thiyl radicals in biosystems: effects on lipid structures and metabolisms

Thiyl radicals are intermediates of enzyme- and radical-driven biochemical processes, and their potential as reactive species in the biological environment has been somehow underestimated. From organic chemistry, however, it is known that thiyl radicals isomerize the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids to a mixture with very dominating trans isomers. Recently, this reaction has been particularly studied for biosystems, focusing on the effect of thiyl radicals on the natural all-cis double bonds of unsaturated phospholipids, which undergo a conversion to the unnatural trans form. In this paper we report briefly the role of thiyl radicals in biosystems, describe the main features of the radical-induced cis-trans isomerization process under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, and reflect on some consequences for membrane structures, lipid metabolism and enzymatic reactions.Received 29 October 2004; received after revision 3 December 2004; accepted 4 January 2005