丙酸热水综合处理技术对采后杨梅腐烂率和果实品质的影响研究

将杨梅于混有一系列丙酸溶液的48℃热水中处理20min,对照组为25℃常温水浴20min,之后均贮藏于4℃并对杨梅的呼吸速率、果实硬度、可溶性总糖、总酸度及腐烂率进行定期测定和观察.结果表明:与对照相比,以上各丙酸热水综合处理对杨梅硬度和总酸度无显著影响(p>0.05),可降低杨梅果实的呼吸速率,减缓可溶性总糖的消耗,尤其是显著降低了杨梅腐烂率(p<0.05).说明丙酸热水综合处理技术不仅可以提升水果品质,同时能有效抑制真菌侵染,杨梅采后防腐保鲜效果明显,可作为替代化学杀菌剂的果蔬防腐保鲜新方案.     

铝合金表面有色钛/锆转化膜的成膜机理及性能

为了解决工业生产中钛/锆转化膜无色的问题,通过向含钛/锆的处理液中加入单宁酸及成膜促进剂,在铝合金表面制备了有色钛/锆转化膜.采用X射线能谱仪、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和电化学工作站对转化膜的形成过程、形貌、组织结构、耐蚀性等进行了分析.结果表明:在铝合金表面成功制备出了金黄色、耐蚀性优异的转化膜,其主要成分是Na3AlF6,其次是单宁酸水解产物的金属络合物以及少量Al2O3.3H2O、TiO2等;膜的形成可分为Na3AlF6晶体成核、生长和金属络合物的沉积3个阶段;转化膜的腐蚀电流密度由基体的5.894μA/cm2下降到0.283μA/cm2,耐蚀性明显提高.     

柠檬酸强化黄铜尾矿的生物浸矿

通过摇瓶试验研究混合硫杆菌浸出黄铜矿尾矿砂,并初步探讨不同矿浆质量浓度和柠檬酸质量浓度对浸提实验的影响。研究结果表明,添加柠檬酸在一定质量浓度范围内对黄铜矿尾矿砂的硫杆菌浸提有促进作用。在整个浸提实验中,浸矿效率最高达到44.8%,溶液中柠檬酸质量浓度和矿浆质量浓度都会直接影响细菌的氧化活性和浸矿效果。     

Preparation and cytocompatibility of polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide nanocomposite fibrous membrane

A series of polylactic acid (PLA) based nanocomposite fibrous membranes,including neat PLA,PLA/hydroxyapatite (HA) and PLA/HA/graphene oxide (GO),were fabricated via electrospinning method.The morphology and composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) respectively.The thermal stability was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).To estimate the cytocompatibility of asprepared PLA/HA/GO fibrous membrane,MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured,and the corresponding cell adhesion and differentiation capability were investigated by fluorescence microscopy,SEM and MTT test.The electrospun ternary PLA/HA/GO membrane exhibited three-dimensional fibrous structure with relatively rough surface morphology,which made itself ideal for cell attachment and proliferation in bone tissue regeneration.The fluorescence microscopy,SEM and MTT test confirmed that the PLA/HA/GO nanocomposite fibrous membrane created a proper environment for the seeding and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.     

豫金银花指标成分的HPLC测定分析

采用高效液相色谱法测定豫金银花指标成分,分析密银花与封银花的差异及封银花不同部位的成分差异。结果表明,绿原酸含量:封丘红银花3.10%(对照)>封丘大毛花2.87%(p<0.05)>密县大毛花2.22%(p<0.01),木犀草苷含量:封丘红银花0.181%(对照)>封丘大毛花0.095%(p<0.05)>密县大毛花0.075%(p<0.05);封丘大毛花不同部位绿原酸含量:花蕾2.87%(对照)>叶0.84%(p<0.01)>芽尖0.67%(p<0.01)>枝0.61%(p<0.01),木犀草苷含量:芽尖0.488%(对照)>叶0.397%(p<0.01)>花蕾0.095%(p<0.01)>枝0.066%(p<0.01);封丘红银花不同部位绿原酸含量:花蕾3.10%(对照)>叶1.34%(p<0.01)>芽尖1.29%(p<0.01)>枝0.92%(p<0.01),木犀草苷含量:芽尖0.329%(对照)>叶0.299%(p<0.01)>花蕾0.181%(p<0.01)>枝0.063%(p<0.01)。豫金银花花蕾的指标性成分含量均高于药典规定的最低标准且质量较好,相较而言封银花的品质优于密银花,叶和芽尖可为金银花综合开发提供新原料。     

酸碱淋溶对尾矿砂含水率和重金属含量的影响

为研究酸碱溶液对尾矿砂含水率和重金属含量的影响,采用室内土柱动态淋溶的方法,对采自阜新同乃矿尾矿坝的尾矿进行实验,测得不同pH溶液动态淋溶后的尾矿砂含水率,并应用火焰原子吸收光谱法,测出尾矿砂中6种重金属元素在淋溶后的含量,结果表明:①经酸碱溶液淋溶后尾矿砂土体的含水率出现增加的现象;②淋溶液pH从4增加到7时,Cu和Cr的含量逐渐减少,淋溶液pH从7增加到10时,Cu和Cr的含量逐渐增加;相反Mn和Ni的含量先随pH的增加而增加,在pH大于8和8.5左右开始降低;Fe含量出现略微减少的趋势;Cd含量在淋溶液pH 4～6.5范围内逐渐增加,而后含量降低。文中淋溶液选择的是酸碱溶液而不是纯净水,所以用此结果描述尾矿库的环境和安全情况更具有实际意义。     

酸掺杂型SBA-15基介孔复合材料的研究进展

综述了酸掺杂介孔分子筛SBA-15复合材料的研究进展.对不同类型SBA-15基酸性介孔复合材料的制备方法等因素对其结构及性能的影响进行了阐述和分析,针对酸掺杂介孔分子筛SBA-15复合材料研究中存在的问题提出了相应的策略,对其研究方向和应用前景进行了展望.     

浓硫酸改性硅胶的制备及其催化酯化反应研究

以浓硫酸改性硅胶为催化剂,催化冰乙酸(脂肪酸)、苯甲酸(芳香酸)、丙烯酸(α,β-不饱和酸)与不同醇的酯化反应,得到10个相应的化合物.该方法操作简单,催化剂用量少(1.0 g),时间短(1.5 h),产率较高(47.4%～88.3%),催化剂重复使用5次,对产率的影响不大.醇既是反应原料又是有机溶剂,对环境友好,符合绿色化学理念.     

蓝光调节气孔运动的信号途径及其与脱落酸相互关系研究

气孔运动与植物水分代谢密切相关.保卫细胞可有效感知和整合多种环境信号,通过控制离子进出调节其膨压,影响气孔开与闭.诸多研究表明,蓝光信号诱导气孔开放和逆境信号脱落酸(ABA)促进气孔关闭构成了气孔运动的两大研究领域.该文就保卫细胞中蓝光信号传递及与ABA信号交叉控制气孔开闭的研究进展进行综述,以了解气孔对蓝光和ABA反应的最新进展,为发展耐旱与提高作物水分利用效率生物技术的改进提供理论支持.     

In vitro study of poly(ethylene carbonate) as a drug-eluting stent coating

An in vitro feasibility study of the use of poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC) as a biodegradable coating material for drug-eluting stents is reported, and the performance of PEC is compared with that of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of PEC and PLGA discs after treatment with an alkaline KO2 solution as a superoxide source showed that the PEC maintained its integrity whereas holes and small particles appeared during the treatment of PLGA. Sirolimus and paclitaxel were loaded into PEC and PLGA in order to study drug release performance. Attenuated total reflectance–infrared (ATR– FTIR) spectroscopy of sirolimus, PEC and the sirolimus-loaded PEC coating showed that no chemical reaction occurred between sirolimus and PEC. The results of atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the mean roughness (Ra) values of the bare metal stent (BMS) and the drugeluting stent (DES) were 2.3 nm and 1.0 nm, respectively. After balloon expansion experiments, no delamination or destruction of the PEC coating was observed. The drug release profile of sirolimus was different from that of paclitaxel when PEC was employed as the drug carrier, and the release curves of sirolimus were different when PEC and PLGA were used as drug carriers. All the experimental results demonstrated that PEC was one of the best potential stent-coating materials.