继代时间对南方红豆杉细胞生长和产生紫杉醇的影响

通过激素组合正交实验及继代时间的选择对南方红豆杉细胞增殖培养条件进行了优化研究，结果表明在细胞生长对数期继代比静止期继代细胞增长率提高1．6倍，而紫杉醇产量差异不大，同时在对75个激素处理的筛选实验中证实NAA与6－BA的组合优于，2，4－D与6－BA的组合，其中NAA1mg／L＋6－BA1mg／L的处理可获得最大增长率。     

The Effects of Shrimp Gut Probiotic Bacteria on the Shrimp Larvae (Penaeus Chinensis)

The survival rates of shrimp larvae in different stage are higher than those of control groups when probiotic bacteria strains X4B-1 and X1B-1 which are isolated from gut of adult shrimp are added into the little volume rearing sea water of shrimp larvae. The effects of probiotic bacteria are evaluated by challenge test (pathogenic bacteria Z3G2 isolated from disease shrimp larvae in the hatchery of Jimo town) and low salinity stress resistance tests on shrimp larvae, the survival rate and lengths of the shrimp larvae in the experiment are determined. Results indicate that 1. The survival rate, ability of resistant to low salinity, lengths of the delivered shrimp larvae are improved after the strains of probiotic bacteria, X4B-1 or X1B-1, are added into the rearing sea water of hatchery. 2. The addition of the probiotic bacteria could not influence the change of the bacteria number, NH3-N and COD value in the rearing sea water. 3. The probiotic bacteria used in the experiment have many enzymes such as Lipase, Amylase, Gelatinase and Lecithinase. These enzymes may help the probiotic bacteria to digest the food components fed to shrimp larvae and increase the digestive efficiency of post larvae. This may be one of the reasons why these probiotic bacteria are beneficial to the shrimp larvae.     

中国淡水蛏人工催产研究

介绍了中国淡水蛏(Novaculinachinensis)人工催产的方法和结果.采用氨水浸泡、流水刺激、阴干和低温处理等方法,进行单、双因子比较实验.结果表明:不同的催产方法,其效果有显著的不同,不论采用何种方法催产,对雄体的催产速度多是快于雌体.阴干、阴干+流水的方法催产不能成功;流水刺激和低温处理的方法虽然能催产,但催产率非常低;氨水浸泡或阴干+氨水浸泡的方法均能成功催产.亲贝采用体积分数为5×10-5和1×10-5的氨水浸泡1h催产效果最好,潜伏期不到40min,催产率高达60%以上.     

月季快速繁殖系统的建立

研究了月季组织培养过程中的消毒、增殖、生根培养和炼苗等各个环节的最适条件 ,结果表明 :诱导侧芽萌发、增殖和生根的最佳激素浓度依次为MS +6 BA 1 0 +NAA 0 2、MS +6 BA 0 8+NAA 0 4和MS +NAA0 5。在试管苗移栽的初期 ,应尽量避免移栽介质中含有任何营养成分     

脉冲电场对中国红豆杉细胞的影响

通过二维电泳（2-DE）技术来研究脉冲电场作用后48 h中国红豆杉细胞在蛋白表达上的变化.共进行了3次二维电泳重复实验,经过相关因子分析证实具有较高的重复性.比较对照组和经过脉冲电场处理的实验组的二维电泳图谱,发现有较明显的差异.用基质辅助激光解析-飞行时间质谱和液相色谱-电喷雾质谱对其中的部分蛋白进行分析鉴定.鉴定结果表明：核糖核酸蛋白粒、醛糖差向异构酶和铁氧还蛋白-NADP(+)还原酶这三个蛋白可能是与脉冲电场诱导相关的蛋白.     

红豆杉细胞培养中抗褐变剂的筛选

研究了８种药剂对红豆杉愈伤组织的抗褐变影响,结果证实：活性炭（１０００ｇ／Ｌ）、水解乳蛋白（６００ｍｇ／Ｌ）、植酸（１００ｍｇ／Ｌ）等３种药剂的抗褐变效果最好,且对多酚氧化酶的抑制效果也最好．     

麦鞘毛眼水蝇幼虫和蛹的空间分布及抽样技术的初步研究

应用随机抽样法,查明麦鞘毛眼水蝇(Hydrellia chinensis Qi et Li)幼虫和蛹在青稞田内的空间分布为聚集分布,以个体群的形式存在;提出了用旗叶叶鞘代替整株叶鞘以减少2/3剥查工作量的方法;当l=1,D=0.1、0.15和0.2时,虫口密度所需最大抽样株数分别为N=+9.3,N=+4.1329,N=+2.325;当m_0=3,时序贯抽样的上下界T(n)=3n±3.5466     

Edaphic factors determining variation of two ecotypes of Leymus chinensis in North China

To identify ecotypic variation of L. chinensis, the physiological characteristics and environmental factors were measured and assessed for grey-green and yellow-green ecotypes of L. chinensis grown in the salt-alkalized and aeolian sandy soils. Although both ecotypes presented a similar salt-alkaline tolerance under the experimental conditions, they differed in several aspects. The L. chinensis grown in the aeolian sandy soils had higher water potential and chlorophyll content and lower proline content in their leaves than those grown in the salt-alkalized habitat, and the grey-green ecotype of L. chinensis in both types of soils had higher water potential, chlorophyll and proline contents than the yellow-green ecotype. Besides, grey-green ecotypes had higher salt-alkaline tolerance than the yellow-green ecotype. The stepwise regression analysis showed that soil conductance and pH value were the main ecological factors affecting the physiology of L. chinensis. From the natural distribution of the two ecotypes, we considered that salt-alkaline in the soils is the leading factor in determining ecotypic variation of L. chinensis. The two ecotypes were first named grey-green and yellow-green ecotypes respectively.     

南方红豆杉蒸腾强度与生态因子的关系

采用“三次称重法”测定南方红豆杉(Taxus chinensis var．mairei(Lemee et level)Cheng et L K Fu)换叶期蒸腾强度日变化、月变化,同步定点定位测定生态因子的变化,运用一元线性回归、多元回归分析蒸腾强度与生态因子的关系。结果表明：蒸腾强度日进程呈现早晚低、中午高的曲线,3月与4月为双峰,5月为单峰,即从3月到5月经历由轻蒸腾午休型到非蒸腾午休型的转变;蒸腾作用受生态因子的综合影响,与光照强度和气温显著正相关,与相对湿度显著负相关,其中光照强度影响最大,其次是气温和湿度;不同月份的蒸腾强度差异达到显著水平,引起这种差异的主导生态因子是气温。