膨润土－PVA建筑涂料的制备探讨

系统研究膨润土作为悬浮剂加入ＰＶＡ（聚乙烯醇）建筑涂料中，其悬浮性能取决于膨润土性质、在涂料中的含量以及制备程序、条件的问题．采用两种方法分别制备出具有良好抗沉降性能的膨润土－ＰＶＡ涂料．     

节能膜的应用、制备和性能研究

本文介绍了节能膜在建筑镀膜玻璃、防霜玻璃、节能电光源和太阳集热器等方面的应用，节能膜的制备方法和其性能研究。概述了节能膜的发展历程和已取得的主要成果，最后介绍了我国对节能膜研究的现状。     

一种智能涂层测厚仪的设计

介绍了采用８０９８单片机控制的涂层测厚仪，着重介绍该仪器系统的原理及软／硬件设计方法。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite coating on the surface of medical magnesium alloy and its corrosion resistance

The early corrosion control of biomedical magnesium alloy is an important measure to determine its good performance during implantation into human body. The deposition of calcium phosphate biological coating is the most effective solution at present. In this paper, hydroxyapatite (HAP) coating was hydrothermal synthesized on the surface of AZ31B magnesium alloy, and the influence mechanism of hydrothermal synthesis temperature, time and solution concentration was investigated. The synthesis conditions and deposition mechanism of hydroxyapatite coating without DCPA (CaHPO₄) were proposed. The surface morphology of the coating was observed by field emission electron scanning microscope (FESEM). The types and contents of microelements in the material were analyzed by energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the functional group information of the coating surface. The corrosion resistance of different experimental groups was studied by electrochemical test. The results showed that when the calcium phosphate solution concentration was 0.1 ?mol/L and the calcium/phosphorus ratio was 1.67, the coating had better morphology structure and corrosion resistance, and the calcium/phosphorus ratio of HAP crystals reached 1.58, the epit of the prepared AZ31B-HAP coating by bare metal increased from ?1.51 ?V to ?1.18 ?V, the impedance value reached 1.0 ?× ?10⁵ ?Ω?cm², and the early corrosion of magnesium alloy substrate was effectively delayed.     

Review of the fatigue behavior of hard coating–ductile substrate systems

Withthewideapplicationofcoatingmaterialsinaerospaceandotherfields,theirsafetyunderfatigueconditionsinserviceis im-portant.However,research on the fatigue properties of ceramic hard coatings started late,and a unified standard is yet to be established to eval-uate the fatigue life of hard coating–ductile substrate systems.Studies also present different opinions on whether coatings can improve or re-duce the fatigue life of substrates.In this paper,the influence of the properties of ceramic coatings on fatigue performance is reviewed,and the effects of coating on the mechanism of fatigue crack initiation in substrates are discussed,aiming to help readers understand the fatigue behavi-or of hard coating–ductile substrate systems.     

大气环境中金属及其保护层霉菌腐蚀研究的进展

微生物及其生命特征严重影响着材料的服役性能与寿命.目前大量的研究集中在细菌腐蚀领域,对于大气环境中真菌造成的腐蚀行为与机理研究较少.事实上,在大气环境中存在着大量的霉菌,其生命活动对金属及涂、镀层的腐蚀也具有重要的影响.本文综述了霉菌的生化特性与腐蚀的关系,讨论了在大气环境中霉菌对金属及涂、镀层材料腐蚀行为的影响,并归纳了霉菌腐蚀的相关机理;同时根据腐蚀特征的对比分析可知,霉菌腐蚀与细菌腐蚀具有一定的差异性,其主要原因在于两类菌的代谢产物不同.目前,对金属及涂、镀层材料的霉菌腐蚀研究大多停留在对材料表面霉菌腐蚀现象的描述和产物的分析等方面,缺乏对霉菌生命活动与腐蚀速度的定量表征,缺乏对霉菌引起的腐蚀过程动力学规律的研究,这将是未来研究工作的重点.     

过渡层对铜基陶瓷涂层性能的影响

以NiAl和NiCoCrAlY两种粉末作为过渡层材料,采用大气等离子喷涂技术在铜基体表面制备4种不同的过渡层,并采用热化学反应法制备陶瓷层,采用热力学软件FactSage计算并确定陶瓷层的固化温度,通过抗热震性、结合强度测试和XRD、SEM分析,研究过渡层的种类及其厚度对陶瓷涂层性能的影响。结果表明,NiCoCrAlY过渡层与铜基体形成较为致密并具有微区冶金结合的界面;以NiCoCrAlY作为过渡层所制陶瓷涂层的结合强度较大;当过渡层厚度为100μm时,以NiCoCrAlY作为过渡层所制陶瓷涂层的抗热震性能较好。     

Q235钢表面环氧复合涂层在变电站环境中的腐蚀行为分析

以Q235钢表面涂覆的环氧富锌底漆,水性聚氨酯中间漆,银灰环氧磁漆构成的环氧复合涂层为对象,研究变电站环境中涂层自然暴露18个月后的腐蚀行为,并将其与用5%NaCl溶液浸泡250天处理的涂层的腐蚀行为做对比。采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究环氧复合涂层试样的电化学腐蚀行为,评价环氧复合涂层的耐候性与耐盐性,并通过FT-IR表征涂层浸泡和自然暴露过程的结构变化。结果表明,环氧复合涂层试样在5%NaCl溶液中浸泡250d后,涂层阻抗从3.967×10~9Ω·cm2降至9.780×10~2Ω·cm~2,其失效机制为腐蚀介质通过涂层微孔逐渐渗入涂层中形成微观电通路,导致涂层孔隙率逐渐增大,基底材料腐蚀加速;自然暴露试验18个月的试样,其涂层阻抗为2.708×10~6Ω·cm~2,防护性良好。     

航空发动机叶片表面热障涂层温度分布的仿真分析

采用有限元固体热传导仿真模型分析航空发动机导向叶片表面热障涂层(TBC)的温度特性;采用工程实验的通用模型,输入因变量(Input)→仿真模型和边界条件(Process)→输出变量(Output),进行热障涂层的实验设计;比较了几种热涂层材料(如ZrO2系列TBC)的隔热性能,分析了不同的基底与TBC厚度下隔热性能的变化情况.同时,通过计算机仿真方法探讨了国内外相关文献中的TBC隔热效果的差异性.结果表明,温度边界条件对于准确估算TBC的隔热效果至关重要.在对比TBC的隔热性能时,需对测温环境进行标定.     

金属颜料对保温涂料发射性和反射性的影响

论文基于高原、严寒及寒冷地区对外墙涂料光学性能的要求,研究涂料组分中各类金属颜料对其红外发射率及太阳能反射比的影响。研究结果表明：金属颜料能显著降低油性涂料的红外发射率;颜料种类、掺量及形貌对涂料的发射率有较大影响;铜粉对油性涂料发射率的降低效果最好;发射率随颜料掺量的增加而降低,在40%~50%范围内达到最低;同掺量下片状铜粉在油性涂层中的效果优于球状的;漂浮型铝颜料对油性涂料发射率的降低效果优于非漂浮型铝颜料。水溶性金属铝粉能显著降低水性涂料的红外发射率,红外发射率和太阳能反射比均随铝粉的粒径增大而下降。上述各类涂料涂层的红外发射率均可达到0.35~0.45、太阳能反射比0.39~0.56,基本符合采暖地区外墙涂料光学性能的要求。