含铜稀土复合氧化物的氧化活性

本文研究了不同配比电子型Ｎｄ－Ｃｅ－ＣＵ－Ｏ和空穴型Ｙ－Ｂａ－Ｃｕ－Ｏ系列样品的ＣＯ氧化活性、晶体结构、程序升温氧脱附和导电性的特征．结果表明：超导体ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ１．５Ｏ７－ｘ和半导体Ｃｅ２ＣｕＯｘ具有良好ＣＯ氧化转化率．后者在１２０℃时，ＣＯ达到完全转化．ＸＲＤ证明它为２ＣｅＯ２和ＣｕＯ混合晶相．由于导电和催化反应机制完全不同，活性高低和样品导电性能间没有发现直接关联．讨论了含Ｃｅ、Ｃｕ样品的活性中心，认为ＣｅＯ２为吸附氧和供氧中心，而Ｃｕｎ＋为ＣＯ活化和氧化反应中心，而前者可能为控制步骤．两者紧密协同，使Ｃｕ２＋的氧化还原循环更容易进行．     

煤矿安全事故管理信息系统的开发

本文分析了现行煤矿安全事故信息管理方式存在的问题,运用现代产业事故控制技术和计算机应用技术,提出了应用微型计算机对煤矿安全事故信息管理的途径和方法,并开发了微机应用软件,对开发的软件(CMSAMIS)结构、功能作了简要介绍。图1,表1,参2。     

Special IR properties of palladium nanoparticles and their aggregations in CO molecular probe infrared spectroscopy

Dispersed Pd nanoparticles (Pdn) have been synthesized by reducing H2PdCI4 with ethanol, and stabilized using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). The Pdn is applied to the glassy carbon substrate to form a thin film, and then the potential cyclic scanning at 50 mV.s^-1 from -0.25 to 1.25 V was carried out for about 30 min to form the aggregations of Pdn (Pdn^ag). FTIR spectroscopy of both transmission and reflection modes was employed to study CO adsorption on Pdn and Pdn^ag in both solidlliquid and solidlgas interfaces. It has been revealed that CO adsorption on Pdn film yields two IRbands near 1964 and 1906 cm-1, which are assigned to IR absorption of CO bonded on asymmetric and symmetric bridge sites, respectively. In contrast to the IR properties of CO adsorbed on Pdn, only species of CO bonded on asymmetric bridge sites was determined on Pdn^ag, and the direction of the IR band near 1963 cm^-1 is completely inverted. The full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the COB^as band near 1964 cm^-1 is measured to be 14 cm^-1 on Pdn film, while it is 24 cm^-1 on Pdn^ag film. The results of the present study demonstrated that the inverting of the IR band direction is a general phenomenon that is closely related to the interaction between nanoparticles in aggregation of Pdn.     

Sn/In/Ti纳米复合氧化物对可燃和有毒气体敏感特性研究

采用可控溶胶-共沉淀法合成了二元Sn／In和三元Sn／In／Ti纳米复合氧化物作为半导体CO，NO2和CH4传感器的敏感材料．通过优化可控制备参数研制出化学均一、高热稳定的纳米晶体复合氧化物．利用各种分析方法表征了纳米粉体的物性和结构，并对CO，CH4和NO2的气敏特性进行了考察．实验结果表明，所研制的二元纳米气敏材料对CO有高灵敏度和选择性，引入适量TiO2提高了对CH4的灵敏度和选择性，经少量金属元素掺杂和氧化物添加后气敏性质有大幅度提高．研究了复合物组成，先驱物焙烧温度及气敏操作温度和待测气体浓度对灵敏度的影响．其优化条件为金属盐总浓度0．05mol／L，金属阳离子比Sn^4＋：In^3＋为40％（摩尔分数）的纳米复合物在600℃时焙烧6h，则在150℃～250℃之间对CO和NO2有较高灵敏度，在气敏条件下以程序升温吸脱附实验研究了复合物表面的吸脱附行为，X射线光电子能谱分析证实复合物组分间存在着电子和化学的协同效应，气敏机理为表面吸附控制型．     

地区能源效率与二氧化碳排放的差异性——基于Kaya因素分解

利用绝对差异法、相对差异法和基尼系数对我国28个省区1995-2005年间能源利用效率的差异性进行了比较；引入Theil指数和Kaya因子，深入研究能源消耗导致的地区间人均CO2排放的差别；进一步将28个省区划分为八个经济区，分解Theil指数为区闭和区内贡献。结果显示（1）各省区能源利用效率存在趋同现象。（2）Theil指数表明2003年后人均C02排放差异性在减弱，Kaya因子中贡献最大的是能源强度指标，其次是人均GDP，碳排放系数贡献相对较小。交互作用因子中能源强度和人均GDP之间表现出较大的负影响，即高收入地区能源利用效率高，人均C02排放也多。（3）八个经济区间的差异要大于经济区内部的差异，且一直占据主早地位。文章结论为节能减排提供了参考。     

钯基催化剂的失活原因及预防措施

钯基催化剂在石油化工、精细化工和有机合成中有着广泛的用途。分类概述了钯基催化剂失活的主要原因是晶粒长大、积碳、中毒、钯流失等,并总结了钯基催化剂失活的预防措施。     

汽车二维碰撞模型参数敏感度分析

根据线性方程组误差分析理论,推导出汽车二维碰撞模型解的相对误差上界估算方程。利用该方程并结合数值算例,分析了汽车质量及碰撞中心参数的敏感度。结果表明:质量参数的小扰动引起求解结果误差不大,而碰撞中心参数的小扰动则会给求解结果带来大的误差。还给出了对碰撞中心参数的调整应遵循的原则。所得结果对参数调整及选择具有一定的参考价值。     

Experimental study on CO2/CO of typical lining materials in full-scale fire test

Lining materials are widely used in buildings to cover walls and ceilings. Combustible linings may produce a potential high fire hazard in buildings. Once ignited, it propagates fire and accelerates the enclosure fire growth. Two types of lining materials were studied during the tests： block board and plywood. The test was conducted in an ISO 9705 room, where linings were mounted on walls without the ceiling. By changing the heat output of the burner, the ventilation, etc., the concentrations of CO2/CO of different lining materials were researched. The effect of test conditions on the production of CO2/CO of different lining materials was investigated, and useful experimental data were provided for the further development of numerical modeling to simulate enclosure fire growth lined with combustible materials.     

浅析斜井串车提升跑车事故的原因及预防措施

分析了跑车事故原因及危害,探讨了预防斜井串车提升跑车事故的措施。     

我国安全生产人为事故特点及对策分析

阐述了我国安全生产的基本形势及我国安全生产面临的问题,基于我国安全事故人为因素的分析,提出了相应对策。