The influence of probe lift-up height on CNT electrical properties measurement under EFM DC mode

Nowadays, one of the bottlenecks which hinder the development and application of carbon nanotube （CNT） nano device is that no pure semiconducting CNT （s-CNT） or metallic CNT （m-CNT） can be obtained, and for solving this problem scientists proposed some methods on preparation or separation, but all the results still should be detected and feedback to the process for further improving the preparation and separation methods. Thus, it is very important to measure and distinguish the electrical properties of CNT. For that, scientists proposed a method to measure CNT electrical properties based on DC elec- trostatic force microscope （EFM） mode, which distin- guishes m-CNT from s-CNT according to different scan line shape to CNT with different electrical properties. But, we discovered that the probe lift-up height will seriously affect the shape of the scan line, which makes this method not reliable in distinguishing m-CNT from s-CNT. In this paper, the authors deeply researched the influence of probe lift-up height and also gave corresponding theoretical analysis and explanation, which will greatly improve the method of detecting CNT electrical properties by EFM.     

用于硝酸根浓度测量的反射式光纤SPR传感器

提出一种反射式光纤表面等离子体共振(surface plasmon resonance, SPR)传感器用来测量硝酸根浓度.传感器采用反射式结构,并利用金膜来激发SPR.制备铜纳米粒子/碳纳米管(copper-nanoparticles/carbon-nanotube, Cu-NPs/CNT)膜作为硝酸根浓度测量的敏感膜.当溶液中硝酸根浓度发生变化时,吸附在CNT上的由铜催化产生的氨气的浓度也会随之改变,导致CNT折射率发生改变,从而使SPR谐振波谷发生移动,进而实现硝酸根浓度测量.实验结果显示该传感器在低浓度区间内的平均灵敏度达到了14.14nm/lg［c/(mol·L^-1)］.这种传感器易于封装,可以应用于远距离测量,将在生物化学参量测量方面有着潜在应用.     

B/N掺杂对提高5FU在羟基化碳纳米管药物传送系统中稳定性的作用机制研究

采用密度泛函方法计算了药物小分子5-氟尿嘧啶(5FU)在羟基化碳纳米管表面(CNTOH),N掺杂羟基化碳纳米管表面(NNTOH)以及在B掺杂碳纳米管(BNTOH)表面的吸附作用.结果显示,5FU在碳管上的吸附作用主要通过与碳管表面的羟基发生氢键作用.而氢键的强度和数量是决定配合物稳定性的关键因素.对碳管掺杂后,碳管的化学活性提高,有效提高了5FU在碳管上的吸附强度.因而,采用掺杂和引入基团的方法共同改性碳纳米管是有效提高碳纳米管基药物传送系统稳定性的有效途径.     

碳纳米管负载Ni催化剂制备碳纳米管的研究

将硝酸回流预处理过的碳纳米管载体直接浸入镀Ni溶液中,通过化学镀在其表面上沉积出Ni纳米颗粒,并将所制备的Ni/CNTs催化剂用于制备新的高纯度碳纳米管.实验结果表明,碳纳米管载体的酸预处理时间对Ni/CNTs催化剂在碳纳米管制备过程中的催化性能有很大的影响,从而影响所制备的碳纳米管的形态.当碳纳米管载体在稀硝酸中回流预处理0.5 h后,所对应的Ni/CNTs催化剂催化制备的碳纳米管存在严重的缺陷,其主要结构为竹节状和鱼骨型,同时部分碳纳米管在生长过程中分叉,成Y形结构;当碳纳米管载体经稀硝酸回流预处理6 h后,其对应的Ni/CNTs催化剂催化生长的碳纳米管粉体中,碳纳米管的形态均匀,中空,无任何隔膜,因此碳纳米管载体较长时间的酸回流预处理对催化剂的性能有明显的改善.而且相比纯的纳米Ni,Co以及Ni/SiQ2催化剂,Ni/CNTs催化剂在碳纳米管的制备过程中,具有更高的催化活性.     

碳纳米管-铜纳米线复合结构的形成和热力学稳定性

通过分子动力学的方法研究了碳纳米管填充一定数量的铜纳米粒子形成碳纳米管-铜纳米线(CNT/CuNW)复合结构的过程.通过构象演变和体系能量的变化,可以将整个的铜粒子填充碳纳米管的过程中可分为三个过程:构象调整,填充吸附和构象稳定.对比分析高温下包裹和填充形成CNT/CuNW复合结构的变化,可以看出填充形成的CNT/CuNW的稳定性比包裹形成的CNT/CuNW的稳定性要好.通过径对径向分布函数的分析,可以进一步确定,在填充形成的复合结构的熔点要比包裹形成的CNT/CuNW的高,这主要归因于碳纳米管高的热稳定性.     

Effect of CNTs and nano ZnO on physical and mechanical properties of polyaniline composites applicable in energy devices

Polyaniline was synthesized chemically in an acidic medium in the presence of Ammonium Peroxydisulphate (APS) as an oxidizing agent. PANI(Polyaniline) nanocomposites were prepared in the presence of various amount of carbon nanotube and zinc oxide (from 1 to 5 wt%) by solution casting method. The free-standing film of polyaniline and its nanocomposites were obtained by vaporization of solvent content. The composition, morphology and structure of the polymer and the nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image and XRD pattern. In addition, thermal stability was studied by TGA analysis, electrical conductivity was measured by four-point probe technique and mechanical properties were studied by tensile strength test. The characteristic FTIR peaks of PANI were found to shift to lower wave number in nanocomposites due to the formation of H-bonding. XRD results revealed that the crystallinity of PANI was more noticeable after addition of nano-ZnO, while the intensity of the peaks increased by the addition of ZnO nanoparticles. Furthermore, TGA results showed that the decomposition of the nanocomposite was less than that of pure polyaniline which confirms the successful fabrication of products. Young''s modulus and strength at break point were increased in the case of the nanocomposite, in addition, the electrical conductivity of the PANI/ZnO nanocomposite film was found to be smaller than that of the PANI film while CNTs increase the conductivity of polyaniline.     

碳纳米管改性硅橡胶的电学特性

用碳纳米管(CNT)填充硅橡胶制备了碳纳米管/硅橡胶复合材料,并研究了复合材料的电学特性。结果表明:随着碳纳米管含量的增加,复合材料的电阻率急剧下降,当wCNT=0.075时,电阻率下降了约10个数量级。随着拉力增大,复合材料的力敏效应增大。复合材料存在明显的弛豫现象:拉力越大,电阻率的弛豫时间越长;碳纳米管含量越大,复合材料的弛豫现象越不明显,可以用R(t)=(R0-R∞)exp(t/τ) R∞来描述复合材料的弛豫过程。     

高分散碳纳米管载银催化剂的制备

提出了一种制备附载型高分散碳纳米管载银(Ag／CNT)催化剂的非常有效的方法——功能离子预吸附法，对这种方法的基本原理进行了介绍并初步摸索了制备Ag／CNT催化剂的优化条件。通过对吸附离子吸附曲线的分析、TEM图比较以及催化活性的测定，可知功能离子的预吸附有利于小粒径粒子的生长和均匀分布；用全超声波搅拌或超声波结合机械搅拌方式和较高反应温度(85C)下制得的催化剂有良好的催化活性。     

聚苯乙炔/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及导电性

以无水A lC l3为催化剂合成了聚苯乙炔(PPA)、用浓H2SO4进行磺化改性,并通过共混制得了PPA/碳纳米管(CNT)及磺化PPA/CNT复合材料;研究了复合材料的导电性及电导率与CNT含量的关系。结果表明:磺化PPA/CNT导电阈值比PPA/CNT的降低了1%,前者达到极限电导率所需CNT的量是后者的10%;X-射线衍射(XRD)测试表明,在CNT界面上的磺化PPA有新的晶型产生。     

Pt/纳米TiO2-CNT复合电极的制备及对甲醇的电催化氧化

通过电合成前驱体Ti(OEt)4直接水解法和在恒电位-0.05V (vs. SCE)电沉积法制备Pt/nano TiO2-CNT电极.透射电镜 (TEM) 和X射线衍射 (XRD) 分析结果表明, 锐钛矿型纳米TiO2粒子(粒径5-10nm) 和碳纳米管结合形成网状结构, Pt纳米粒子(粒径8-15 nm)均匀地分散在纳米TiO2/碳纳米管复合膜表面.通过循环伏安和计时电流测试表明, Pt/ nano TiO2-CNT电极具有高活性表面, 同时对甲醇的电化学氧化具有高催化活性和稳定性,Pt载量为0.24mg/cm2时, 常温常压下甲醇的氧化峰电流达到260mA/cm2.