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21.
K. Ikemoto T. Utsunomiya M. A. Ball M. Kobayashi R. B. Pollard F. Suzuki Ph.D. 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1994,50(5):456-460
The antiviral activity of Shigyaku-to (TJS-109), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, was investigated in mice infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). TJS-109 is a combination of the medicinal plant extracts fromZingiberis siccatum rhizoma,Aconiti tuber andGlycyrrhizae radix in a specific proportion. Mice infected with a 10 LD50 dose of HSV-1 were treated with TJS-109 orally at doses of 1.25 to 20 mg/kg 2 days before, and 1 and 4 days after the infection. The treated groups had 80% (1.25 mg/kg), 40% (5 mg/kg) and 23% (20 mg/kg) mortality rates 25 days after the infection as compared with a 100% mortality rate in control mice treated with saline. When HSV-1 infected mice (recipients) received CD8+T cell fractions derived from spleens of mice treated with TJS-109 (donors), 70% of recipients survived, as compared with 0% survivors in the groups of mice treated with saline, B cell fractions, CD4+ T cell fractions or macrophage-enriched fractions prepared from the same donors. TJS-109 did not show any virucidal activities against HSV-1 or any virostatic activities on the growth of HSV-1 in Vero cells. These results suggest that TJS-109 protected mice exposed to lethal amounts of HSV-1 through the activation of CD8+ T cells. 相似文献
22.
方影 《上海师范大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(2)
设G是具有n个顶点的2-连通简单MCD图,f2(n)表示G的边数.本文证明了当n≥8时,其中xm=um-2um-5,um是Fibonacci数. 相似文献
23.
T cell activation is enhanced by the costimulatory interaction of B7 on antigen-presenting cells and CD28 on T cells, resulting
in long-term T cell proliferation, differentiation and production of large amounts of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2.
CTLA-4 is a co-stimulation receptor that shares 31% homology with CD28 and binds B7 family members with higher affinity. CTLA-4
is transiently expressed intracellularly and on the cell surface following activation of T cells. We have studied the kinetics
of CTLA-4 expression and the effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression during T cell activation in cultures of mouse spleen
cells stimulated by a mixture of immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD3/CD28 mAb) or concanavalin
A (ConA). CTLA-4 expression peaked on day 2 and returned to background levels after 7 days. Dexamethasone was found to potentiate
CTLA-4 expression in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 effective concentration 50%) of about 10−8 M. In contrast, other immunosuppressive agents, such as rapamycin or cyclosporin A had no or an inhibitory effect on CTLA-4
expression, respectively. Dexamethasone also stimulated CD28 expression, but inhibited IL-2R expression during anti-CD3/CD28
mAb-induced mouse splenic T cell activation. Western blot analyses of lysates of activated mouse T cells showed that dexamethasone
increased CTLA-4 protein levels twofold during anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-induced activation. Dexamethasone also enhanced CTLA-4 messenger
RNA twofold as quantified by ribonuclease protection assay. The effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression were glucocorticoid-specific
and completely inhibited by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone (RU486), indicating that the effect of dexamethasone
on CTLA-4 expression is mediated through the glucocorticoid receptor. In conclusion, the immunosuppressive agent dexamethasone
actually stimulates CTLA-4 expression, which is involved in downregulation of T cell activation.
Received 19 May 1999; received after revision 13 July 1999; accepted 13 July 1999 相似文献
24.
Chemotherapy and immunotherapy of malignant glioma: molecular mechanisms and clinical perspectives 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Despite the considerable progress in modern tumor therapy, the prognosis for patients with glioblastoma, the most frequent
malignant brain tumor, has not been substantially improved. Although cytoreductive surgery and radiotherapy are the mainstays
of treatment for malignant glioma at present, novel cytotoxic drugs and immunotherapeutic approaches hold great promise as
effective weapons against these malignancies. Thus, great efforts are being made to enhance antitumoral efficacy by combining
various cytotoxic agents, by novel routes of drug administration, or by combining anticancer drugs and immune modulators.
Immunotherapeutic approaches include cytotoxic cytokines, targeted antibodies, and vaccination strategies. However, the success
of most of these experimental therapies is prevented by the marked molecular resistance of glioma cells to diverse cytotoxic
agents or by glioma-associated immunosuppression. One promising experimental strategy to target glioma is the employment of
death ligands such as CD95 (Fas/Apo1) ligand or Apo2 ligand (TRAIL). Specific proapoptotic approaches may overcome many of
the obvious obstacles to a satisfactory management of malignant brain tumors.
Received 8 March 1999; received after revision 27 May 1999; accepted 14 June 1999 相似文献
25.
以太网凭借其成本低、速度高以及良好的性能,占据了全世界约80%的办公自动化领域。那么,以太网能否成功的进入工业控制领域呢?本文详细介绍了以太网介质访问控制协议的工作原理,并对其进行建模仿真。通过分析仿真结果,指出了以太网重载时延迟大,吞吐量低以及捕获效应等不适于工业控制环境的缺点。 相似文献
26.
HAb18G/CD147-mediated calcium mobilization and hepatoma metastasis require both C-terminal and N-terminal domains 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Jiang JL Chan HC Zhou Q Yu MK Yao XY Lam SY Zhu H Ho LS Leung KM Chen ZN 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2004,61(16):2083-2091
HAb18G/CD147 is a heavily glycosylated protein containing two immunoglobulin superfamily domains. Our previous studies have indicated that overexpression of HAb18G/CD147 enhances metastatic potentials in human hepatoma cells by disrupting the regulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry by nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP. In the present study, we investigated the structure-function of HAb18G/CD147 by transfecting truncated HAb18G/CD147 fragments into human 7721 hepatoma cells. The inhibitory effect of HAb18G/CD147 on 8-bromo-cGMP-regulated thapsigargin-induced Ca2+ entry was reversed by the expression of either C or N terminus truncated HAb18G/CD147 in T7721C and T7721N cells, respectively. The potential effect of HAb18G/CD147 on metastatic potentials, both adhesion and invasion capacities, of hepatoma cells was abolished in T7721C cells, but not affected in T7721N cells. Release and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-2 and MMP-9, were found to be enhanced by the expression of HAb18G/CD147, and this effect was abolished by both truncations. Thapsigargin significantly enhanced release and activation of MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in non-transfected 7721 cells, and this effect was negatively regulated by SNAP. However, no effects of thapsigargin or SNAP were observed in T7721 cells, and expression of HAb18G/CD147 enhanced secretion and activation of MMPs at a stable and high level. Taken together, these results suggest that both ectodomain and intracellular domains of HAb18G/CD147 are required to mediate the effect of HAb18G/CD147 on the secretion and activation of MMPs and metastasis-related processes in human hepatoma cells by disrupting the regulation of NO/cGMP-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ mobilization although each domain may play different roles.Received 1 April 2004; received after revision 15 June 2004; accepted 22 June 2004 相似文献
27.
28.
Joyce S 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2001,58(3):442-469
Cellular and humoral immune mechanisms recruited to defend the host from infectious agents depend upon the early immune events
triggered by antigen. The cytokine milieu within which the immune response matures is the most important of many factors that
govern the nature of the immune response. Natural T cells, whose function is controlled by CD1d molecules, are an early source
of cytokines that can bestow type 1 or type 2 differentiative potential upon helper T lymphocytes. This review attempts to
illuminate the glycolipid antigen presentation properties of CD1d, how CD1d controls the function of natural T cells and how
CD1d and natural T cells interact to jump start the immune system. CD1d is postulated to function as a sensor, sensing alterations
in cellular lipid content by virtue of its affinity for such ligands. The presentation of a neo-self glycolipid, presumably
by infectious assault of antigen-presenting cells, activates natural T cells, which promptly release pro-inflammatory and
anti-inflammatory cytokines and jumpstart the immune system.
Received 10 July 2000; received after revision 16 October 2000, accepted 16 November 2000 相似文献
29.
Molecular self-assembly behavior of mono[6-O-6-(4-carboxyl-phenyl)]-β-CD in solution and solid state
FANZhi ZHAOYanli LIUYu 《科学通报(英文版)》2003,48(15):1535-1538
A novel modified cyclodextrin, mono[6-O-6-(4-carboxyl-phenyl)]-]-β-CD (1), has been synthesized by the reaction of mono[6-(p-toluenesulfonyl)]-β-CD with 4-hydroxybenzoate, and its molecular self-assembly behavior in both solution and solid state was studied by means of crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and microcalorimetry. The results indicate that the bezoic acid groups are successively penetrated intermolecularly into the adjacent β-CD cavities to form helical columnar supramolecules in the solid state. As compared with crystal, the similar self-assembly behavior of 1 in aqueous solution has also been confirmed by the ^1H ROESY spectroscopy. Thermodynamically, the formation of polymeric supramolecules by modified CD in aqueous solution is mainly driven by entropy changes. 相似文献
30.
WANG Xichao DAI Bojie CHEN Dayuan LIU Zelong LIU Weimin & DUAN Enkui State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Correspondence should be addressed to Duan Enkui 《科学通报(英文版)》2003,48(18):1956-1961
Pregnancy between different species is one of the key steps to interspecific somatic cell cloning. Although interspecific clone embryos have been constructed, they could not develop to birth after being transferred to recipi-ents. In order to clarify the mechanism of this phenomenon, interfamily pregnancy between golden hamste (Mesocricetus auratus) and mouse (Mus musculus) was studied. Co-culture results indicated that the adhesion ratios of golden hamster blastocysts on mouse uterine epithelia monolayer 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after co-culture were all significantly lower than those of mouse blastocysts. The outgrowth ratios of golden hamster blastocysts on mouse uterine epithelia monolayer 48, 72 h after co-culture were both significantly lower than those of mouse blastocysts (P < 0.01). Golden hamster抯 blastula could be implanted and develop to D 11 of pregnancy after being transferred to mouse uterus (the 7th day after embryo transfer). Compared to the transfer of mouse embryo to mouse uterus, the successful ratio of interfamily embryo transfer was lower and the bulk of fetus was smaller than that of intraspecific fetus. Compared to intraspecific preg-nancy of mouse, the remote decidual tissue of interfamily pregnancy on D8 is looser. At the same time, expressions of CD57 and CD 68 in remote deciduas were both higher than those in the secondary deciduas in both intraspecific and interfamily pregnancy. However, expressions of the two molecules in interfamily pregnancy were lower than those in intraspecific pregnancy. These results showed that interfam-ily pregnancy could be established between golden hamster and mouse. But the development of fetus in interfamily pregnancy was slower than that in intraspecific pregnancy. The expression difference of CD57 and CD68 indicates the difference of immunoreaction between interfamily and in-traspecific pregnancy, which may be one of the reasons lead-ing to interfamily pregnancy termination. 相似文献