2017—2019 年 CD ( SD)大鼠 240 个 SNP 位点遗传检测结果分析

摘要:目的 2017—2019 年北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司(以下简称,维通利华) 连续三年参与美国 CharlesRiver Laboratories( CRL)对全球各地设施 CD( SD)大鼠生产群的遗传检测,以评估种群的遗传稳定性、杂交系数及各设施间种群的差异。 方法 从大鼠耳部样品中提取 DNA,使用荧光标记法检测 240 个单核苷酸多态性( SNP ) 基因位点,通过 GenA1Ex6. 5 软件统计分析得到位点多态性( P) 、观测杂合度( Ho ) 、期望杂合度( HE ) 、近交系数( F)和遗传分化系数( FST )等。 结果 位点多态性比例分别为 73. 6% ,76. 9% 和 74. 2% ,遗传具有多样性且保持稳定;杂交系数分别为-0. 02、-0. 06 和-0. 07,符合随机交配特性;遗传分化系数( FST ) 在 0. 05 上下波动。 结论 维通利华的 CD( SD)大鼠种群保持稳定的遗传多样性,符合随机交配方式繁殖,与 CRL 美国基础种群呈低至中等程度的遗传分化,定期的引种措施为保持种群的杂交性和稳定性发挥重要作用。     

毒死蜱降解菌CD7的筛选与植物根际促生菌JD37的联合应用

筛得一株毒死蜱降解菌CD7,联合植物根际促生菌JD37,研制了一种能修复土壤的农药污染,同时促进植物生长的复合型土壤改良剂.实验结果显示:将CD7和JD37发酵液按体积比1∶1使用,可以促进植物生长,并在25 d内降解土壤中约66.43%的毒死蜱.在载体量相同情况下,蚯蚓粪比滑石粉吸附更多混合菌株.在室温贮藏一个月,活菌数为4.81×10~7CFU/g;制备的复合改良剂与土壤按质量比1∶1使用时,能促进植物生长、提升土壤酶活性、增加土壤中微生物的数量.     

脐血单个核细胞和CD34+细胞体外扩增造血干/祖细胞

考察了脐血单个核细胞(MNC)和CD34+富集细胞在SCF+IL-3+IL-6+FL+Tpo细胞因子组合下的体外扩增特性.实验发现CD34+富集细胞具有很高的扩增潜力,通过3周培养总细胞扩增了(883.2±322.4)倍,而MNC仅扩增了(53.3±6.2)倍.对比细胞集落生成和CD34+细胞的扩增发现,MNC的集落密度由最初的(270.9±54.9)CFCs/105cells上升至第7天的(1 496.3±417.7)CFCs/105cells,CD34+细胞百分比则由最初的(0.99±0.18)%上升至第7天的(4.4±1.9)%,而CD34+富集细胞在培养过程中,虽然集落总数和CD34+细胞总数始终呈上升趋势,但是其集落密度和CD34+细胞百分比则始终呈下降趋势.在两种起始细胞培养中,CFU-GM(粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落形成单位)在集落中的含量逐渐增加,BFU-E(爆式红细胞集落形成单位)含量则逐渐降低.在3周的短期培养中,MNC可以得到更多的集落形成细胞(CFC)和CD34+细胞.     

The CD40/CD154 receptor/ligand dyadRID="†"ID="†" Review

Until recently, the expression and primary function of the cell surface receptor CD40 and its ligand CD154 were considered restricted to B and T lymphocytes, and their interactions required for the thymus-dependent humoral response. However, current work from several groups challenges this view of the CD40/CD154 dyad as a mere mediator of lymphocyte communication. A variety of non-lymphocytic cell types express both receptor and ligand, including hematopoetic and non-hematopoetic cells, such as monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle, and endothelial cells. Accordingly, ligation of CD40 mediates a broad variety of immune and inflammatory responses, such as the expression of adhesion molecules, cytokines, matrix-degrading enzymes, prothrombotic activities, and apoptotic mediators. Consequently, CD40 signaling has been associated with pathogenic processes of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, graft-versus-host disease, cancer, and atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the synthesis and structure of CD40 and outlines CD154/CD40 signaling pathways, and emphasizes the previously unexpected importance of the CD40/CD154 receptor/ligand dyad in a spectrum of immunoregulatory processes and prevalent human diseases. Received 10 January 2000; revised 16 June 2000; accepted 5 July 2000 RID="†" ID="†" Review RID="*" ID="*" Corresponding author.     

Signal regulation by family conspiracy

The signal regulating proteins (SIRPs) are a family of ubiquitously expressed transmembrane glycoproteins composed of two subgroups: SIRPα and SIRPβ, containing more than ten members. SIRPα has been shown to inhibit signalling through a variety of receptors including receptor tyrosine kinases and cytokine receptors. This function involves protein tyrosine kinases and is dependent on immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs which recruit key protein tyrosine phosphatases to the membrane. Negative regulation by SIRPα may also involve its ligand, CD47, in a bi-directional signalling mechanism. The SIRPβ subtype has no cytoplasmic domain but instead associates with at least one other transmembrane protein (DAP-12, or KARAP). DAP-12 possesses immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs within its cytoplasmic domain that are thought to link SIRPβ to activating machinery. SIRPα and SIRPβ thus have complementary roles in signal regulation and may conspire to tune the response to a stimulus. Received 6 July 2000; revised 2 August 2000; accepted 5 August 2000     

IBM PC宽带网络适配器

木文分析了IBM PC宽带计算机网络的重要部件——适配器的硬件和功能。     

浅埋暗挖工法比选数值模拟分析

地铁开挖对邻近管线的影响已成为地铁工程中的重点问题。文章结合西安地铁二号线，模拟了CD、CRD法开挖对既有给水管影响变形的全过程，通过计算分析比较得出了较为合理的开挖和支护方法，供类似工程参考。     

Self and non-self discrimination is needed for the existence rather than deletion of autoimmunity: the role of regulatory T cells in protective autoimmunity

Autoimmune T cells have been viewed for decades as an outcome of immune system malfunction, and specifically as a failure to distinguish between components of self and non-self. The need for discrimination between self and non-self as a way to avoid autoimmunity has been repeatedly debated over the years. Recent studies suggest that autoimmunity, at least in the nervous system, is the bodys defense mechanism against deviations from the normal. The ability to harness neuroprotective autoimmunity upon need is evidently allowed by naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, which are themselves controlled by brain-derived compounds. These findings challenge widely accepted concepts of the need for discrimination between self and non-self, as they suggest that while such discrimination is indeed required, it is needed not as a way to avoid an anti-self response but to ensure its proper regulation. Whereas a response to non-self can be self-limited by a decreased presence of the relevant antigen, the response to self needs a mechanism for strict control, such as that provided by the naturally occurring regulatory T cells.Received 8 June 2004; accepted 6 July 2004     

v-Fos transformation effector binds with CD2 cytoplasmic tail

The CD2 molecule, an adhesive and co-stimulating molecule, expresses virtually on all T lymphocytes, thymocytes, as well as natural killer cells, playing an important role in thymus development, T cell activation and apoptosis[1―3]. CD2 molecule consists of an ex- tracellular region with two Ig-like domains, a single membrane-spanning domain, and a positively charged proline-rich cytoplasmic tail, which is highly conserved between different species[1,4―7]. The functions of CD2 in signal t…     

基于多业务多信道分配的CSMA/CD随机多址系统

根据CSMA/CD协议的工作原理,提出了CSMA/CD的固定分配和随机分配两种多业务、多信道的随机多址分配数学模型,通过理论分析和计算,比较了两种模型的吞吐量、信道传输延时特性以及优先级对吞吐量的影响,最后总结出这两种模型的优缺点.