Antigen presentation by CD1 molecules and the generation of lipid-specific T cell immunity

It is now well demonstrated that the repertoire of T cells includes not only cells that recognize specific MHC-presented peptide antigens, but also cells that recognize specific self and foreign lipid antigens. This T cell recognition of lipid antigens is mediated by a family of conserved MHC class I-like cell surface glycoproteins known as CD1 molecules. These are specialized antigen-presenting molecules that directly bind a wide variety of lipids and present them for T cell recognition at the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Distinct populations of T cells exist that recognize CD1-presented lipids of microbial, environmental or self origin, and these T cells participate in immune responses associated with infectious, neoplastic, autoimmune and allergic diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of the biology of the CD1 system, including the structure, biosynthesis and trafficking of CD1 molecules, the structures of defined lipid antigens and the types of functional responses mediated by T cells specific for CD1-presented lipids.     

靶向CD133的RNA干扰对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的生长抑制作用

目的利用RNA干扰技术下调SMMC-7721肝癌细胞中CD133的表达,观察其在肝癌细胞增殖和侵袭方面的作用.方法构建CD133特异性的siRNA真核表达载体,转染SMMC-7721肝癌细胞并筛选出稳定表达siRNA的转染克隆;应用RT-PCR和Western blot检测CD133 mRNA和蛋白的表达;流式细胞仪检...     

基于SRN的客户／服务器体系结构的性能评价方法

采用随机补偿网(SRN)建立CSMA／CD网络上的客户／服务器性能评价模型，并给出了解题方法。在此基础上采用敏感函数的方法分析了影响吞吐率的各个因素，找出了系统优化和提高网络有效利用率的方法。事实表明，提出的方法具有普遍的适用性。     

Dissection of cytotoxic and helper T cell responses

Cytotoxic (CD8⁺) and helper (CD4⁺) T cells play a crucial role in resolving infections by intracellular pathogens. The development of technologies to visualize antigen-specific T cell responses in mice and men over the past decade has allowed a dissection of the formation of adaptive T cell immunity. This review gives a brief overview of the currently used detection techniques and possible future additions. Furthermore, we discuss our current understanding of the formation of antigen-specific T cell responses, with particular attention to the similarities and differences in CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses, the functional heterogeneity within responder T cell pools and the regulation of CD8⁺ T cell responses by dendritic cells and CD4⁺ helper T cells. Received 16 June 2005; received after revision 2 August 2005; accepted 15 August 2005     

脐血干细胞的研究与应用

脐血干细胞的基础和临床研究在最近的一、两年中获得了快速的发展,对脐血干细胞的生物学特性、采集与冻存、体外扩增及其临床使用情况进行研究有利于其更广泛地应用.     

含蒎烯基联吡啶的新型手性Mo(0)络合物的合成和表征

为了探讨含手性蒎烯基联吡啶的手性钼(0)络合物的结构对光谱(特别是CD光谱)性质的影响,合成了两个新型手性钼络合物( )CD452[Mo(CO)4(LRR)]和[Mo(CO)4(LSS)].用元素分析、IR、UV vis、CD、1HNMR和13CNMR等对其进行了充分表征.研究结果表明:两种络合物为一对具有几乎完全相同物理化学性质、配体互为对映体的光学异构体;两者在可见区的CD曲线呈现弱Cotton效应,且大致为镜象对称,说明在相应的手性络合物中,由于联吡啶上相反手性的蒎烯基通过中心金属钼对MLCT发色团产生了手性微扰作用,从而产生诱导CD效应.     

The role of thrombospondin-1 in apoptosis

The thrombospondins are a family of extracellular proteins that participate in cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix communication. They regulate cellular phenotype during tissue genesis and repair. Five family members, each representing a separate gene product, probably exist in most vertebrate species. Like most extracellular proteins, the thrombospondins are composed of several structural domains that are responsible for the numerous biological functions that have been described for this protein family. Considerable progress has been made towards understanding the function of thrombospondins. The role of thrombospondin in the process of apoptosis or programmed cell death has recently come into focus. In this review we will concentrate on the role of thrombospondin-1 in the broad field of apoptotis research. Received 5 December 2001; received after revision 28 March 2002; accepted 28 March 2002     

PI3K/Akt signaling pathway involved in regulation of T lymphocyte activation and apoptosis mediated by CD3ε

To study the expression and kinase activity of phosphatidylinositol 3′ -kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) during activation and apoptosis of human Jurkat T lymphocytes (TJK) with stable expression of CD8ε chimera fused human CD8α extracellular and transmembrane domains to intracellular domain of mouse CD3ε, Western blot, kinase activities detection and immunoprecipitation were carried out. It was shown that Jurkat cells with expression of wild type chimera CD8ε died by apoptosis after continuous stimulation of anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody. The expressions of PI3K and Akt, and the kinase activity of Akt remarkably increased during the process. However, this phenomenon did not occur in the Jurkat cells (T1JK) with expression of the mutant of CD8ε chimera (Y170F), suggesting that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in activation and apoptosis of T lymphocyte mediated by CD3ε.     

Effects of metal ions on recombinant calcineurin A subunit

Effects of metal ions on activities and solution conformations of calcineurin A subunit have been examined. The ability of several metal ions to activate calcineurin A has been tested with Ni²⁺> Mn²⁺> Mg²⁺/Ca²⁺. The corresponding CD spectra and intrinsic fluorescent emission spectra show that calcineurin A exists in different metal ion-dependent conformation states. Effects of the different concentritions of Ni²⁺ on activities and solution conformations of calcineurin A have been tested too. Results indicate that effects of these metal ions to activate calcineurin are due to their conformational changes.     

多胺修饰?-环糊精:钕配合物对萘二胺的分子识别研究

将?-环糊精的6-OH用二乙烯三胺基取代，得到了6-脱氧-二乙烯三胺基?-环糊精(DTCD),在镧系金属NdCl3的存在下，分别与1,5-萘二胺和1,8-萘二胺反应，得到了2种三元超分子配合物，并用核磁共振氢谱对配合物进行了表征。其中主客体分子的化学计量比为2:1，客体分子等价氢原子的信号简并现象在包合前后没有发生变化，表明客体分子在主体空腔保持着对称的构象。2种三元超分子配合物均呈“三明治”式夹心结构。