发展中国家应对限制性商业惯例的策略

限制性商业惯例是国际技术贸易中的常见行为，它是技术转让方对技术受让方实施的不合理、不公平、限制竞争的歧视性做法，它对技术受让方所在国的经济产生了负面影响。发展中国家应进一步认清限制性商业惯例的实质，加强其国际和国内立法工作，并在实践中据理力争、灵活对待。     

AN AHP MODEL FOR BRINGING EXPERTS TO CONSENSUS ON MEDICAL PAYMENT STANDARDS

1. Introduction Many countries with health insurance systems conduct periodic payment standardsadjustments. The main reasons are to address continually rising health care costs and to ensure an equitable allocation of resources. From the248 JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING data of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, the proportion of health care costs as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) continues to r…     

湘西地区农村电力普遍服务评价指标体系的构建

运用层次分析法,从过程指标和结果指标2大类型出发,构建了包括政策执行力、服务质量、接入程度、供电质量、用电水平和企业业绩等6大一级指标,17个二级指标的综合指标体系,并以湘西地区为例进行实证分析.研究表明,湘西地区农村电力普遍服务的总体水平相对较高,但在政策宣传力度、用电量增长率和供电成本等方面还十分薄弱;电力普遍服务显示出“空间传染”特性,从东向西呈现逐步减弱的态势,与地方经济发展水平之间具有显著的正相关性.在脱贫攻坚背景下,要实现电力普遍服务更好更快的发展,一是建立统一的电力普遍服务评价体系;二是重视政策宣传,引导居民合理用电;三是探索电力普遍服务扶贫模式.     

基于AHP的高校贫困学生精准评定方法

为了公平、公正地开展高校贫困学生资助工作,利用层次分析法（AHP）建立评价指标体系,再用Matlab软件计算判断矩阵的特征值和特征向量.以3位高校贫困生为例,分别建立9组判断矩阵,并计算各矩阵的特征值和特征向量,再计算出指标体系中的权向量,最后评定特征向量最大者为最贫困大学生.     

现代作战舰艇生命力的层次分析法综合评估

根据系统学的原理，运用层次分析的方法，对现代作战舰艇的整体生命力进行了全方位评估。结果表明，该方法简单有效，便于实际应用。     

层次分析法在线性回归方程中的应用

为了减小在构造线性回归方程过程中的计算量,增加所选择线性回归方程的准确性,文章在分析评价各种常见构造线性回归方程方法的基础上,引入一种新的构造方法——层次分析法。该方法能结合自身特点,有效利用问题的背景知识和相关专家的经验,准确方便地确定满足条件的线性回归方程。结果证明该方法有简单、准确、易行的特点。     

基于EDI交易的多模态销售网络的需求预测

利用数学建模思想,侧重所得结论的严密的教学推导，讨论了基于EDI交易的最优库存控制问题，推导出一系列的定性结论，给出求解公式和计算方法。从理论上论证了EDI交易的优越性；可以曼准确地预测下个周期产生定单的概率，从而使最优库存水平下降．总消耗费用减少，并举例说明定量结果。进一步探讨了由M个非EDI交易的分销商和N个EDI交易的分销商构成的多模态销售网络的需求预测问题。     

Fundamentals of the analytic network process — Dependence and feedback in decision-making with a single network

The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a multicriteria theory of measurement used to derive relative priority scales of absolute numbers from individual judgments (or from actual measurements normalized to a relative form) that also belong to a fundamental scale of absolute numbers. These judgments represent the relative influence, of one of two elements over the other in a pairwise comparison process on a third element in the system, with respect to an underlying control criterion. Through its supermatrix, whose entries are themselves matrices of column priorities, the ANP synthesizes the outcome of dependence and feedback within and between clusters of elements. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with its independence assumptions on upper levels from lower levels and the independence of the elements in a level is a special case of the ANP. The ANP is an essential tool for articulating our understanding of a decision problem. One had to overcome the limitation of linear hierarchic structures and their mathematical consequences. This part on the ANP summarizes and illustrates the basic concepts of the ANP and shows how informed intuitive judgments can lead to real life answers that are matched by actual measurements in the real world (for example, relative dollar values) as illustrated in market share examples that rely on judgments and not on numerical data. Thomas L. Saaty holds the Chair of University Professor, Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale University. Before that he was a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania for ten years. Prior to that he spent seven years at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency in the State Department in Washington, DC, that carried out the arms reduction negotiations with the Soviets in Geneva. His current research interests include decision-making, planning, conflict resolution and synthesis in the brain. As a result of his search for an effective means to deal with weapons tradeoffs at the Disarmament Agency and, more generally, with decision-making and resource allocation, Professor Saaty developed The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization to dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process (ANP). He is co-developer of the software Expert Choice and of the software Super Decisions for decisions with dependence and feedback. He has authored or co-authored twelve books on the AHP/ANP. Professor Saaty has also written a number of other books that embrace a variety of topics, including Modern Nonlinear Equations, Nonlinear Mathematics, Graph Theory, The Four Color Problem, Behavioral Mathematics, Queuing Theory, Optimization in Integers, Embracing the Future and The Brain: Unraveling the Mystery of How It Works. His most recent book is Creative Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making. The book is a rich collection of ideas, incorporating research by a growing body of researchers and practitioners, profiles of creative people, projects and products, theory, philosophy, physics and metaphysics...all explained with a liberal dose of humor. He has published more than 300 refereed articles in a wide variety of professional journals. He has been on the editorial boards of Mathematical Reviews, Operations Research, Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, Mathematical and Computer Modeling, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Applied Mathematics Letters, and several others. He also served as consultant to many corporations and governments.     

非线性系统计算机辅助分析与优化设计方法研究

以双闭环调速系统的分析和设计为例介绍了采用MATLAB/SIMULINK可视化仿真环境对非线性系统进行分析和优化设计的方法 ,并给出了设计结果对比波形 .该方法不但简单直观 ,方便快捷 ,而且非常准确有效 .仿真结果波形表明 ,用该方法优化设计的系统具有很好的动、静态特性 .电机起动时 ,转速、电压和电流波形非常接近理想状况 ,使电机起动时间最短且起动过程既快又准而平稳     

企业发出商品管理信息系统的实现

本文介绍了山东文登市布鞋工业集团公司发出商品管理信息系统的分析、设计与实现。