牛传染性鼻气管炎的研究概况

牛传染性鼻气管炎是在牛群中常发的一种传染病,流行广、发病率高、危害性大.本文就牛传染性鼻气管炎病的病源、流行病学、临床症状、诊断方法做一综述.     

Apoptosis of transgenic cloned and recloned bovine blastocysts

Apoptosis plays an important role in preimplantation embryonic development. Investigating mechanisms of apoptosis can provide useful information for obtaining high-quality embryos and help to improve cloning efficiency. Here, we investigated the incidence of blastomere apoptosis in transgenic blastocysts generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and recloning using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d-UTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. Transgenic recloned embryos were the second generation SCNT embryos derived from the somatic cells of a transgenic SCNT calf. The blastocyst rate of transgenic SCNT embryos was lower than that of nontransgenic SCNT embryos. The incidence of apoptosis in transgenic SCNT embryos was higher than that of nontransgenic SCNT embryos. The blastocyst rate and the incidence of apoptosis in transgenic recloned embryos were similar to nontransgenic SCNT embryos. The process of donor cell transfection and drug selection may decrease the developmental capacity of transgenic SCNT embryos. Serial cloning did not influence the developmental capacity of transgenic recloned embryos.     

2-苯胺基-3-氨乙基喹唑啉-4（3H）-酮（Q）与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

应用荧光光谱研究了2-苯胺基-3-氨乙基喹唑啉-4（3H）-酮（Q）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）间的结合作用．确定了2-苯胺基-3-氨乙基喹唑啉-4（3H）-酮（Q）对牛血清白蛋白的荧光猝灭过程的猝灭机理,测定了不同温度下该结合反应的结合常数,结合位点数及热力学参数．     

水溶性ZnO量子点与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的光谱学研究

采用荧光光谱法、紫外可见吸收光谱法研究了牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与水溶性ZnO量子点(QDS)的相互作用。结果显示,BSA使QDS的荧光增强并发生红移(从353 nm移至359 nm),说明量子点与蛋白间发生了相互作用;另一方面,QDS使BSA的荧光猝灭且最大发射峰发生明显蓝移(从336 nm移至326 nm),进一步说明量子点与蛋白间发生了相互作用。QDS与BSA作用后发射光谱的变化可能是由于二者之间存在配位及静电相互作用。QDS与BSA的相互作用表明QDS可以用来标记BSA。初步探讨了QDS对BSA的荧光猝灭机理。     

冷冻保存2年的体外受精胚胎移植产犊报道

１４０枚利用完全体外化培养技术生产、经常规方法进行冷冻保存两年后的良种肉牛胚胎，通过非手术法移植到７０头本地母牛，每头受体牛移入２枚胚胎以繁殖纯种后代。结果受体母牛２个情期不返情率为５０％（３５／７０）；１２０ｄ后经直肠检查确诊怀孕率为２７．１％（１９／７０）；９头受体母牛足月产下犊牛１０头，产犊率为１２．９％（９／７０），双胎率为１１．１％（１／９）。受体母牛平均妊娠期为２８０．８天（２６６￣２     

Chaperone-like features of bovine serum albumin: a comparison with α-crystallin

The chaperone behaviour of bovine serum albumin was compared with that of α-crystallin. The chaperone activity was assessed by measuring: (i) the ability to antagonize protein aggregation induced by heat; (ii) the capability to protect the activity of thermally stressed enzymes and (iii) the effectiveness in assisting the functional recovery of chemically denatured sorbitol dehydrogenase. Despite the lack of structural analogies, both proteins show several functional similarities in preventing inactivation of thermally stressed enzymes and in reactivating chemically denatured sorbitol dehydrogenase. As with α-crystallin, the chaperone action of bovine serum albumin appears to be ATP independent. Bovine serum albumin appears significantly less effective than α-crystallin only in preventing thermally induced protein aggregation. A possible relationship between chaperone function and structural organization is proposed. Together, our results indicate that bovine serum albumin acts as a molecular chaperone and that, for its particular distribution, can be included in the extracellular chaperone family. Received 29 August 2005; received after revision 23 September 2005; accepted 12 October 2005     

新硫脲试剂同步荧光法测定蛋白质应用研究

在模拟生理条件下,基于N-(4-乙氧苯基)-N'-(4-安替吡啉基)硫脲(EPAT)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,BSA的同步荧光强度在一定范围内随BSA的浓度的增加而增强.据此建立了以EPAT为荧光分子探针,用同步荧光分析法测定BSA的新方法.在最佳实验条件下,EPAT-BSA体系的同步荧光强度在0～429.0μg·mL-1的浓度范围内与蛋白质浓度呈现良好的线性关系,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.70%～1.61%,加标回收率在95.1%～103.5%之间.     

苯噻啶与蛋白质作用特征的热力学研究

用荧光光谱法和紫外－可见吸收光谱法研究了在模拟人体生理条件下，苯噻啶与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）结合反应的特征，发现苯噻啶对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用，且苯噻啶的紫外吸收光谱和BSA的荧光发射光谱有一定程度的重叠，由此得出了其结合反应的结合常数、结合位置和结合过程的基本热力学参数。     

单克隆抗体亲和渗滤法制备两种牛生殖激素

在本室已获得高特异抗牛促卵泡激素 (bFSH)和抗牛促黄体激素 (bLH)杂交瘤细胞的基础上 ,制备纯化抗bFSH和抗bLH两种单克隆抗体 (McAbs) ,并进而建立了一种单抗免疫亲和渗滤新技术。使用该技术成功地制备了上述两种牛生殖激素 ,从 7g牛垂体干粉可提取 3.3mg亲和纯bFSH和 1 1 .1mg亲和纯bLH。回收率分别为 85 %和 82 %。     

阿昔洛韦与牛血清蛋白相互作用研究

目的研究了阿昔洛韦(ACV)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用。方法在pH为7.4的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,发现阿昔洛韦在348 nm(λex=282 nm)对牛血清白蛋白的荧光有猝灭作用。并对阿昔洛韦对牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭的机理进行了初步探讨。结果发现在弱酸性、中性及弱碱性条件下均表现为静态猝灭。利用荧光猝灭双倒数图计算了阿昔洛韦与牛血清白蛋白之间的表观结合常数为1.48×10~4、结合位点数为1,结合位置接近于色氨酸残基,牛血清白蛋白中色氨酸残基与阿昔洛韦分子间的距离为3.138 nm。结论根据热力学参数计算确定了阿昔洛韦与牛血清白蛋白之间的主要作用力类型为疏水作用力,同时,采用同步荧光技术考察了阿昔洛韦对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响。