The use of cyclophosphamide as an enhancer of the vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease

The immunization of biungulate animals with killed foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) requires periodic vaccinations due to a low vaccine immunogenicity. Therefore, FMDV antigens need to be combined with adjuvants such as aluminum hydroxide, saponin or oil emulsions. Animal handling for periodic inoculations, and the repeated doses of vaccines that have to be administered increase the commercialization costs. Moreover, the use of adjuvants may induce adverse effects.In the present work we show that it is possible to increase the life span of neutralizing antibodies in serum when a single dose of cyclophosphamide (Cy) is administered four days before vaccination with aluminum hydroxidesaponin FMDV vaccine.     

Application of EEG multipole model in the diagnosis of Alzheimer''''s disease

In order to find the electroencephalogram （EEG） characteristic parameters typical of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and explore an effective diagnostic method, a new mobile current multipole model was proposed to simulate the AD patient＇s cortical dipole source activities. The indicators of goodness of fit （GOF） and DtononD （DD） were calculated from EEG samples to evaluate the performance of this model. Relevant results showed that this multipole model with higher GOFvalues and larger DD change well fitted the pathological electrical activities of cortical neurons aroused by AD＇s extended sulcus and gyrus in the cerebral cortex. Meanwhile, the products of DD mean ＆ standard variance were found in a clear linear correlation with the diagnostic data of mini-mental state examination （MMSE） used in AD clinics. Furthermore, by tracing this multipole model＇s indicators in typical patients and contrasting with the functional magnetic resonance image （fMRI） as AD progressed, we suggested that the DD index may be suitable for monitoring the AD developments as a new diagnostic parameter.     

额颞痴呆与Pick病

额颞痴呆(frontotemporal dementia,FTD)是以额颞叶萎缩为特征的一组神经变性疾病。病因认为是轴索病变继发神经细胞改变,机制为常染色体显性遗传。病理为双侧额叶,颞叶前端的局限性萎缩,可累及尾状核、壳核、丘脑、黑质等皮质下结构。起病隐袭,早期症状为行为、人格改变,渐进性发展为认知功能损害,迅速进展为语言障碍,晚期通常沉默不语,不能与人交流,可有行为异常。MRI显示额叶、前颞叶萎缩。确诊依赖于病理学证据,如局限性额颞叶萎缩,神经元和神经胶质发现tau蛋白包涵体及Pick小体细胞。目前无特异性治疗的治疗方法。     

基于隐结构和网络药理学探讨泛血管疾病用药证型及作用机制

通过计算机技术探讨中医药治疗泛血管疾病的用药证型及可行性,为临床治疗及新药研发提供客观参考依据。检索《中华人民共和国药典》2020版治疗血管类疾病的中成药,进行数据分析;运用Lantern 5.0,进行隐结构分析,对所得Z5组药物进行网络药理学预测及分子对接验证。得到相关中成药79个,涉及中药156味,其中高频中药有丹参、川芎、三七等,功效以补虚药、活血化瘀药为主,以温性药最多,药味以甘、苦为主,入肝、心经;通过隐结构分析推测出常见证候有气虚血瘀、痰瘀阻络、阴阳两虚、阴虚血瘀、气滞血瘀5种。可见泛血管疾病总体是因虚致病,虚实夹杂,气虚血瘀,临床治疗以活血化瘀为主,随证配合补气行气、温阳滋阴、化痰等治法。通过网络药理学及分子对接发现Z5组药物可能通过主要活性成分槲皮素、黄芩素、山奈酚等,激活流体剪切应力与动脉粥样硬化、AGE-RAGE信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的作用、血脂和动脉粥样硬化等信号通路,作用于TNF、AKT1、PTGS2等靶点,干预炎症、细胞增殖和凋亡、脂质代谢等过程而发挥抗动脉粥样硬化作用,从而治疗泛血管疾病,说明通过计算机技术分析已有数据在探索治疗疾病上有其一定的有效性及可能性。     

A STAGE-STRUCTURED SI ECO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MODEL WITH TIME DELAY AND IMPULSIVE CONTROLLING*

This paper formulates a robust stage-structured SI eco-epidemiological model with periodic constant pulse releasing of infectious pests with pathogens. The authors show that the conditions for global attractivity of the ＇pest-eradication＇ periodic solution and permanence of the system depend on time delay, hence, the authors call it ＂profitless＂. Further, the authors present a pest management strategy in which the pest population is kept under the economic threshold level （ETL） when the pest population is uniformly persistent. By numerical analysis, the authors also show that constant maturation time delay for the susceptible pests and pulse releasing of the infectious pests can bring obvious effects on the dynamics of system.     

疾病基因网络的二分图投影分析

介绍了一种可揭示同一集合内部结点相互关系的二分网络投影方法,并运用此方法对基因疾病二分网络图做研究.通过遗传性疾病与致病基因的关联性来分析不同疾病之间隐含的相互关系,得出由相同的基因变异所引起的各种不同疾病之间存在着或多或少的联系,这些疾病比起毫无联系的疾病,其相互引发的概率也要大得多.此结论使我们能够更清楚地认识到遗传性疾病的发病机制,对疾病预防以及医疗诊断都有一定的参考价值.     

基于复杂行为响应的传染病爆发问题的研究

在小世界网络拓扑结构上,研究信息影响力、接种比例和个体间信息传播概率的变化,对传染病传播的影响。研究发现小世界强度减弱时,信息影响力对传染病爆发概率和爆发规模的影响作用发生了逆转;在个体间信息传播速率增加的过程中,传染病的爆发概率和爆发规模呈现上升的趋势。     

龙虾叶状幼体弧菌病防治的研究

对龙虾叶状幼体弧菌病采用多项措施，多种药物防治对比试验研究，总结出用沙－活性炭过滤海水，减少水体病原菌量，用漂白粉消毒水池和用具，杜绝污染源，用土毒素药浴亲虾，避免病原菌由卵带入，选用体格健壮的中年亲虾，保证孵化出的叶状幼体有旺盛的生命力，投放光合细菌、金藻、扁藻、丰年虫幼体、文蛤肉喂叶状幼体，改善叶状幼体营养，增强叶状幼体抗病力，利用光合细菌加速培育水体中有机物分解，净化水质，恶化病原菌生存环境     

人工神经网络和支持向量机性能比较及其在DMD疾病识别中的应用

对人工神经网络(ANN)和支持向量机(SVM)这两种机器学习方法进行了分析与比较,并分别利用两种算法对神经肌肉罕见病DMD的磁共振图像(MRI)数据进行建模、分类预测.经对比后得出结论:两种算法结果均表明,DMD的两类MRI(T1和T2)中,T1更具特征性,故此类患者的MRI检查可仅进行T1扫描;若能选择合适的模型参数,则两种算法模型均具有极好的分类预测效果,其灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别高达98.5%,97.3%,97.9%和96.9%,97.3%,97.1%;利用机器学习方法对DMD患者的MRI进行分析处理可作为该病无创检测的技术探索,有望为临床提供客观有效的辅助诊断手段.     

Copper and zinc dismetabolism in the mouse brain upon chronic cuprizone treatment

Recent reports describe successful treatment using copper chelation therapy in neurodegenerative animal models. However, the success claimed for chelation therapy in neurodegenerative diseases is still rather controversial. To acquire new information on copper metabolism/homeostasis, we utilized cuprizone, a very sensitive and selective copper-chelating agent with well-known neurotoxic properties, as a relevant chemical model in mice. Upon cuprizone treatment, mice developed a pronounced astrocytosis, with brain oedema and spongiosis characterised by vacuolisations of the neuropil predominantly in the white matter. In addition, cuprizone treatment severely altered copper and zinc homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) as well as in all other tissues examined, with increasing metal ion concentrations particularly in the CNS. Concomitant with this increase in the Cu and Zn concentration in the brain, metallothionein-I and -II were also highly immunoreactive in astrocyte, consistent with the astrocytosis and demyelination observed in our and other laboratories.Received 23 February 2005; received after revision 3 May 2005; accepted 13 May 2005