西准噶尔白碱滩北部太勒古拉组深水沉积研究

论述了西准噶尔札依尔山南缘下石炭统（或包括部分上泥盆统）太勒古拉组中发现的深水火山碎屑岩沉积特征；根据粒序、沉积结构和构造、横向与垂向上的特点，将深水火山碎屑岩划分为６种岩组，并建立了４种岩相组合；剖面垂向层序表明：从底向上，粒序由粗变细，层厚由厚变薄，“近基”火山碎屑浊积岩逐渐被“远基”浊积岩代替，表明研究区泥盆纪末至早石炭世，洋盆扩张，火山喷发由强变弱，沉积环境由深海浊积中扇向外扇演化     

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组储渗空间类型与形成机制

文章从受组构控制角度总结出鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组存在着４类储渗空间，通过岩石学、地球化学特征的研究，认为与盐膏溶蚀有关的缝孔洞是同生期暴露大气水作用的产物，白云岩中与白云石溶蚀有关的缝孔洞则是同生期大气水与海水混合作用的结果。文章还进一步建立了各类储渗空间的形成演化模式，提出了它们的有利发育区段     

准噶尔盆地南缘构造成因机理及其与油气聚集关系探讨

准噶尔盆地南缘的背斜构造大致分为三排，它们的变形强度各异。该文根据各背斜带的构造变形特征与空间展布特征，对其形成机理进行了探讨，并提出了相应的成因机制模式。根据这一模式，从构造与生油配套关系的角度分析了油气聚集条件。     

云南陆良盆地的形成与演化

陆良盆地是云南省第三系沉积盆地的典型代表。盆地中识别出四个不整合面，即Ｔｇ、Ｔ６、Ｔ３和Ｔ０。其拉张史可分为两大阶段：（１）Ｔｇ→Ｔ５，拉张强度渐增期；（２）Ｔ５→现今，拉张强度渐弱期。与拉张史相对应，陆良盆地的沉降史可分为两个阶段：（１）Ｎ２ｃ为快速沉降阶段；（２）Ｑ为沉降缓慢阶段。据此，陆良盆地的形成演化阶段为：（１）盆地初始形成期（Ｔｇ—Ｔ６）；（２）盆地扩张发育期（Ｔ６—Ｔ３）；（３）盆地发展稳定期（Ｔ３—Ｔ０）；（４）盆地萎缩充填期（Ｔ０—现今）。     

辽河盆地东部凹陷地热史与油气

辽河盆地东部凹陷是在晚白垩世—古新世区域隆起背景上形成的新生代板内裂陷。其构造演化经历了穹窿作用→火山作用→裂陷作用→热沉降作用等阶段，盆地形成机制属“主动裂陷”。利用研究区镜煤反射率（Ｒ０）实测值的统计分析资料，采用Ｒｏｙｄｅｎ和Ｋｅｅｎ提出的有岩脉侵入的非均匀伸展地热史模型，重建古热流和古地温，并计算成熟度Ｃ值。研究结果表明，东部凹陷的沙三段生油岩已进入生油窗；在凹陷的东部陡坡带具有较好的油气远景。     

马尔可夫链在太湖流域梅雨期预报中的应用

依据1954~1991年太湖流域的入、出梅日期以及梅雨集中期,应用马尔可夫链预报了太湖流域1992年和1993年的梅雨期,并利用其平稳分布分析了梅雨期系统在各状态下的概率.应用结果表明:在太湖流域气候条件稳定的情况下,历史数据越多越精确,预测也就越可靠;以马氏链预测梅雨状态的方法是一种概率预报方法,需通过大量的预测检验才能显示出该方法的准确性和可靠性.     

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating for volcanic rocks of the Dasi Formation in southeast Hubei Province, middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its implications

The Jinniu Basin in southeast Hubei,located at the westernmost part of middle-lower val-ley of the Yangtze River,is one of the important vol-canic basins in East China. Volcanic rocks in the Jin-niu Basin are distributed mainly in the Majiashan Formation,the Lingxiang Formation and the Dasi Formation,consisting of rhyolite,basalt and basaltic andesite,(trachy)-basalt and basaltic trachy-andesite and (trachy)-andesite and (trachy)-dacite and rhyolite respectively,in which the Dasi volcanism is volumet-rically dominant and widespread. The Dasi volcanic rocks were selected for SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating to confirm the timing of volcanism. The results indi-cate that there exist a large amount of magmatic zir-cons characterized by high U and Th contents in the volcanic rocks. The concordia ages for 13 points are 128 ± 1Ma (MSWD = 3.0). On account of the shape of zircons and Th/U ratios,this age is considered to represent the crystallization time of the Dasi volcan-ism. The volcanic rocks in the Dasi,Majiashan and Lingxiang Formations share similar trace elementand REE partition patterns as well as Sr-Nd isotopic compositions. In combination with the regional geol-ogy,it is proposed that the southeast Hubei volcanic rocks were formed mainly during the Early Creta-ceous,just like other volcanic basins in middle-lower Yangtze valley. A lithospheric extension is also sug-gested for tectonic regime in this region in the Cre-taceous Period.     

Response of downstream sediment to water resource development in mainstream of the Lancang River

The impact of hydropower cascades of the Lancang River on downstream sedimentation has become one of the key problems in the research of the transboundary water resource development and its possible environmental effects. In this paper, the newest sediment data series spanning 17 years （1987-2003） at Yunjinghong hydrometric station and Chiang Saen hydrometric station, in northern Thailand, are analyzed to reveal these effects. Monthly mean sediment concentration data of the two stations are compared in-phase and yearly series are analyzed by the method of correlation and regression analysis and causality test. The analysis result shows that, though both of them are located at lower reaches of Manwan and Dachaoshan hydropower stations which are already constructed and in use, the sediment responses of the two stations are different under the regulation of the hydropower stations Annual series at Yunjinghong station are positively correlated but do not match well with those at Chiang Saen station. In addition, the results of Granger causality test on the time series also suggest that the series of maximum monthly mean sediment concentration of the Yunjinghong station each year may give cause for the ones of Chiang Saen station, while the series of minimum monthly mean sediment concentration each year and annual mean sediment concentration of Yunjinghong do not evidently give cause for the ones of the other station. Undoubtedly, this discovery will provide new evidences to assess the impacts of cascades construction in mainstream of the Lancang River on the variation of downstream sediment and its transboundary effects.     

基于环境海洋学的渤海湾环境分析

人类的活动,使渤海的污染日趋严重,生态环境急剧恶化,赤潮频频发生,渔类资源渐趋枯竭。本文根据现有的数据从环境海洋学的角度对渤海的环境现状进行分析并提出了治理对策。     

Depositional environments of Bathonian sediments from the Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan, western India

The pericratonic sedimentary Jaisalmer Basin, west of the Aravalli Ranges, on the westerly dipping eastern flank of the Indus Shelf, is a principal structural element of Rajasthan. Jurassic sediments in the SE comprise non-marine sandstones and conglomerates to nearshore, brackish to marine sands, silts, clays and carbonates, grouped lithostratigraphically into the Lathi, Jaisalmer, Baisakhi, and Bhadasar formations. The Late Bajocian to Oxfordian Jaisalmer Formation is divided, in ascending order, into the Hamira, Joyan, Fort, Badabag, Kuldhar, and Jajiya members. Fossil records providing a Bajocian to Bathonian age for the lower and middle parts of the formation include: a Late Bajocian coral Isastraea bernardiana (d’Orbigny) in the uppermost Joyan Member; Bathonian ammonite Clydoniceras in the basal part of the Badabag Member; Bathonian foraminiferal/bivalve assemblages in the Fort Member. The topmost bed of the Joyan Member represents the peak of first marine transgression of the Jaisalmer Basin, probably contemporaneous with the Late Bajocian one in the neighbouring Kachchh Basin. Based on faunal studies Bajocian to Bathonian sediments of the Jaisalmer Basin can be broadly correlated with those of the Kachchh Basin. The Fort and Badabag members represent the following depositional environments, in chronological order: (a) brackish to shallow fully marine; (b) fully marine with rapidly fluctuating water energy and sedimentation rates; (c) near-shore to lower shoreface with fluctuating energy conditions, salinity and sedimentation rates; (d) near-shore to shoreface channels and storm-dominated marine above fair-weather wave-base; (e) lagoon with fluctuating low to moderate energy, salinity and sedimentation rates; (f) stormdominated shelf to lower shoreface.