新型环金属钌配合物的合成和Cu~(2+)、Hg~(2+)重金属离子对其吸收光谱的影响

合成和表征了基于2-苯基-4[(2-噻吩)乙烯基]吡啶的新型联吡啶钌配合物Ru-1,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了Pb2+,Co2+,Ag+,Mn2+,Ni2+,Cd2+等重金属离子对Ru-1光谱的影响.结果表明:仅Cu2+,Hg2+的加入可引起Ru-1乙腈溶液颜色的变化,分别由红黑色变成无色及黄色,故Ru-1可用于CH3CN溶液中检测并肉眼识别Cu2+,Hg2+.     

北京市夏季大气气溶胶 PM2.5和 PM10成分特征?

对北京市城区2012年夏季大气对气溶胶进行每日PM2.5和PM10石英膜采样,得到了可溶性离子质量浓度和16种元素的质量浓度,并结合气象观测值进行了分析.结果显示,采样期间,PM2.5质量浓度为9.58~210.42μg·m-3,平均值102.81μg·m-3;PM10质量浓度为33.75~288.33μg·m-3,平均值159.66μg·m-3.PM2.5和PM10质量浓度都与采样点能见度、风速呈负相关,与相对湿度呈正相关.质子荧光分析(PIXE)结果显示,S、K、Ca和Fe在PIXE可分析元素中含量较高,在PM2.5和PM10都占89%.且元素Ca、Ti、Sc、Cr、Fe主要存在于粗粒子(PM2.5~10)中,而元素S、Cu、Zn、As、Br、Pb主要存在于细粒子(PM2.5)中.富集因子分析表明,元素K、Ca、Ti、V、Mn、Ni主要为地壳来源,元素S、Cl、Cu、Zn、As、Br、Pb主要来自于人为源.SO2-4、NO-3、NH+43种可溶性离子总质量浓度占PM2.5浓度的43.5%,占PM10浓度的25.4%.     

卟啉修饰电极的制备及金属离子的电位溶出行为

目的 :将修饰电极应用于电位溶出分析 .方法 :采用化学吸附法制备出meso -四 (对 -乙基苯基 )卟啉和meso -四 (对 -甲氧基苯基 )卟啉修饰玻碳电极 .研究Zn(Ⅱ ) ,Cu(Ⅱ ) ,Cd(Ⅱ )和Pb(Ⅱ )金属离子在该电极上的电位溶出行为 ,并与预镀汞膜玻碳电极、玻碳电极的电位溶出行为进行了比较 .结果 :溶出时间 (τ)与金属离子浓度均有良好的线性关系 ,最适宜分析的浓度范围是Zn(Ⅱ ) :1× 10 - 7～ 5× 10 - 5mol/L ;Cd(Ⅱ )和Pb(Ⅱ ) :6× 10 - 7～ 5× 10 - 5mol/L ;Cu(Ⅱ ) :5× 10 - 8～2× 10 - 5mol/L .微分电位溶出分析时灵敏度提高一个数量级 ,相对标准偏差为 0 .90 %～ 2 .3% (n=15) .结论 :使用卟啉修饰电极进行电位溶出分析可获得好的重现性和满意的灵敏度     

分子轨道近似在八面体共价晶体中3d过渡金属离子轨道角动量和旋—轨耦合中的

用分子轨道近似推导了3d过渡金属离子在八面体晶体中轨道角动量和旋－轨耦合矩阵，同时得到了这些矩阵元与3d离子在纯晶体场近似下的矩阵之间的关系。通过以上矩阵元和关系可以很容易地计算3d离子在八面体晶体中的旋－轨、自旋－自旋和塞曼作用矩阵。     

用光化学方法去除废水中的有害有机物和金属

研究了一些有机物，如丙酮，酚，染料和茶皂角甙的光催化降解，结果表明：酚的降解与文献报导的情况基本相同，在催化剂TiO2的作用下，紫外光能有效降解纺织厂的印染废水中的染料；金属化合物对光降解反应具有很大影响；还首次试验了用光催化原理消除茶皂甙中有毒溶血素的方法。     

Cerebral ischemia revisited: New insights as revealed using in vitro brain slice preparations

Summary The elucidation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral ischemia/hypoxia dictates the use of experimental models which mimic this disabling brain condition. In vivo experimental models have been available for many decades and are responsible for the bulk of, though incomplete, knowledge we have about these mechanisms. Since study in isolation of each postulated mechanism is impossible in vivo, the need for an in vitro experimental model has intensified in recent years. Consequently, rat and guinea pig hippocampal slice preparations have emerged as the models of choice. This review attempts to highlight some of the results obtained using brain slices in the study of cerebral ischemia/hypoxia and compare them to those obtained in vivo. Both the biochemical and the physiological correlates of energy metabolism, ion homeostasis, neurotransmission and neuromodulation of this brain condition are reviewed. The agreements, and especially the disagreements, between the in vivo and in vitro findings are emphasized. Details are given of the possible roles of both lactic acid, Ca²⁺ and excitotoxins in the neuronal damage inflicted by cerebral ischemia/hypoxia. Recent attempts to protect brain slices against experimental cerebral ischemic/hypoxic damage are also reviewed here briefly.     

铈铽离子在La_2SO_6中的发光特性研究 Ⅱ在La_2SO_6中Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)双掺杂的发光

本文讨论了在La_2SO_6:Tb~(3+)中掺入Ce~(3+)后,可以使Tb~(3+)离子~5D_4→~7F_j跃迁显著增强,~5D_3→~7F_j迅速淬灭,因而改变了发射光谱的能量分布,明显增强了绿光发光强度,大大降低了蓝光发光强度,提高了绿光纯度。实验表明,La_2SO_6:Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)是一种高效绿光磷光体。通过分析,认为体系中Tb~(3+)离子~5D_4→~7F_j跃迁的增强作用是由于Ce~(3+)→Tb~(3+)离子的能量传递所致,其能量传递机理属于非辐射共振能量转移,并存在着多渠道的能量传递过程。在此基础上,建立了敏化发光的动力学方程,得出了该体系含铽及不含铽时,Ce~(3+)离子处于激发态上的粒子数衰减公式以及铈铽双掺杂的能量传递效率表达式。     

The DNA concentration effect on DNA radiation damage induced by <Superscript>7</Superscript>Li ions and γ rays

To evaluate the influence of the DNA concentration in the aqueous solution on DNA radiation damage, the plasmid DNA in the presence or absence of Mannitol （scavenger of free radical OH.） was irradiated by ^7Li ions and γ rays at various DNA concentrations. Gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the DNA damage of single and double strand breaks induced by irradiation became more severe at lower DNA concentration. In the condition of γ-ray irradiation, most of double strand breaks （DSB） damage was neutralized and less associated with DNA concentration in the presence of mannitol. However, under ^7Li irradiation, DSB damage could not be cleared by mannitol but was gradually aggravated with decreasing DNA concentrations. These findings imply that under low-LET irradiation, most of the DSB damage is generated by free radical OH·diffusion, and thus may be counteracted by scavengers, while at higher-LET irradiation, quite a fraction of DSB induction is caused by direct ionizing energy deposition of heavy ions, which cannot be eliminated. This work also indicates that the proportion between free radical damage and direct ionizing damage is s constant which is independent of DNA concentration when the DNA concentration is under a certain value （50ng/μL）. Our study sheds light on the un- derlying mechanisms in the DNA radiation damage process.     

含羧基聚氨酯树脂微粒的制备及性能

用悬浮聚合法制备含羧基的交联型聚氨酯微粒,考察它对Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ)的吸附作用,pH和交联度的影响,吸附容量和再生性能。