芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.No.5)聚半乳糖醛酸酶的研究

利用柱层析技术,从芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.No.5)发酵液中分纯了三个聚半乳糖醛酸酶(组份Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),均为糖蛋白。分子量依次为20,000、21,000和35,000;pI 依次为7.7、8.8和4.6;最适反应温度依次为45～50℃、50℃和50℃(果胶为底物)及45℃、50℃和60℃(果胶酸为底物);最适反应pH 依次为pH9.6、pH9.4和pH9.4。还测定了它们的Km 值、氨基酸组成、含糖量、热及pH 稳定性及化合物对酶活性的影响。得到了组份Ⅰ的结晶,为棒状。     

24种脂肪嗜热芽孢杆菌限制性内切酶的分离和鉴定

从脂肪嗜热芽孢杆菌(Bacillus stearothermophilus)鉴定了24种II型限制性内切酶,其中2种具有新的识别和酶切序列,其余22种为已知酶的同切酶。大多数脂肪嗜热芽孢杆菌所产生的限制性内切酶热稳定性好,但也有个别的酶在50℃时就很不稳定。     

一株产1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种的诱变育种研究

1-脱氧野尻霉素(1-Deoxynojirimycin,DNJ)是一种哌啶生物碱,是α-葡萄糖苷酶的强抑制剂,具有降低餐后血糖、抗肿瘤转移和抗病毒等作用.目前工业生产的DNJ主要是从桑叶中提取的,价格昂贵.为了获得DNJ的稳定高产菌株,本文通过对产DNJ枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种(Bacillus subtilis var.niger)分别采用紫外线诱变、亚硝基胍诱变和60 Coγ射线诱变方法,得到发酵培养液DNJ表达量达20.7mg/L的菌株,其表达量较初始菌株产量提高了27.7%,并对细菌的DNJ合成代谢相关基因进行了克隆和测序,菌株命名为B-231.     

Microcalorimetric investigation of effect of berberine alkaloids from Coptis chinensis Franch on intestinal diagnostic flora growth

The inhibitory effect of three berberine alkaloids (BAs) from Coptis chinensis Franch, a traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) herb, on Bifidobacterium adolescentis growth was investigated by micro- calorimetry. The power-time curves of B. adolescentis with and without BAs were acquired, meanwhile the extent and duration of inhibitory effect on the metabolism were evaluated by the growth rate con- stant (k), half inhibitory ratio (IC50), maximum heat-output power (Pmax), peak time of maximum heat-output power...     

Construction of recombinant industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with bglS gene insertion into PEP4 locus by homologous recombination

The bglS gene encoding endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase from Bacillus subtil＆ was cloned and sequenced in this study. The bglS expression cassette, including PGK1 promoter, bglS gene fused to the signal sequence of the yeast mating pheromone a-factor （MFals）, and ADH1 terminator with G418-resistance as the selected marker, was constructed. Then one of the PEP4 allele of Saccharomyces cerevisiae WZ65 strain was replaced by bglS expression cassette using chromosomal integration of polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-mediated homologous recombination, and the bglS gene was expressed simultaneously. The recombinant strain S. cerevisiae （SC-βG） was preliminarily screened by the clearing hydrolysis zone formed after the barley β-glucan was hydrolyzed in the plate and no proteinase A （PrA） activity was measured in fermenting liquor. The results of PCR analysis of genome DNA showed that one of the PEP4 allele had been replaced and bglS gene had been inserted into the locus of PEP4 gene in recombinant strains. Different endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase assay methods showed that the recombinant strain SC-βG had high endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase expression level with the maximum of 69.3 U/（h·ml） after 60 h of incubation. Meanwhile, the Congo Red method was suitable for the determination of endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase activity during the actual brewing process. The current research implies that the constructed yeast strain could be utilized to improve the industrial brewing property of beer.     

芽孢杆菌属一新种的鉴定

从萧县盐碱地土样中分离到一株耐盐耐碱芽孢杆菌,其可在NaCl浓度为5%～10%的培养基中生长良好,耐碱性可达pH值为11.该菌好氧,菌体杆状,具芽孢,芽孢椭圆形,膨大,端生,菌体常连成线丝状,细胞大小为(0.6～0.8)μm×(2.5～4)μm,菌落白色大型,中有一色浅圈,边缘向周围延展成波纹状,菌落中部较厚,不透明,边缘延展部分较薄,无色透明.该菌接触酶阳性,水解淀粉,硝酸盐还原,L—阿拉伯糖和D—木糖不产酸,不利用柠檬酸盐,V·P反应阴性,在V·P肉汤中生长后pH为6.5～7,形成吲哚、溶菌酶(0.001%)不敏感.根据这些特征,该菌应归芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),同时又不同于该属的其它已知菌株,因此将它定为新种,命名为耐盐耐碱芽孢杆菌(Bacillushaloalkaloresistatsp·nov·).     

嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌YN8674热杆菌素产生条件和过程

采用多因子正交试验方法，确定了一组ＹＮ８６７４热杆菌产生的优化组全培养基，发现培养其中的碳源和无机盐对热杆素菌ＹＮ８６７４产量影响最大，通过对热杆菌素ＹＮ８６７４产生研究，发现热杆菌素产生的最适培养温度是６０℃，最适初始ＰＨ是６．５，而菌体生长的最适培养温度是６５℃，最适初始ＰＨ是７．０热杆菌素ＹＮ８６７４是在菌体生长到对数期中期开始产生，与菌体的生长、发酵液ＰＨ的变化密切相关。     

一株具有降解性能的巨大芽孢杆菌的鉴定与发酵条件优化

【目的】对从刺参养殖池塘中分离得到的降解菌株B11进行菌种鉴定,并对其发酵条件进行优化。【方法】经生化及16SrDNA鉴定该菌种的种属;利用单因素筛选和正交试验设计对其发酵条件进行研究。【结果】经鉴定该菌株为一株巨大芽孢杆菌,最优发酵条件是装液量为70mL/250mL,转速为180r/min,培养温度为28℃,pH值为8。【结论】菌株B11在最优发酵条件下生长良好,满足工业化大规模扩大培养所需条件,有较好的应用前景。     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌IMAUB1034抗真菌活性物质的初步研究

对解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)IMAUB1034活性物质的理化性质和盆栽实验中对甜瓜疫霉菌引起的病害的防治效果进行研究.结果显示,解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液对由甜瓜疫霉菌引起的病害具有一定防病效果,病情指数为40.22,生防效果达到35.9%.另外,其发酵液还能抑制甜瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、灰葡萄孢霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)、番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)、甜瓜疫霉菌(Phytophthora drechsleri Tucker)、苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulate)的生长.无菌上清液中的活性物质能耐高温、耐酸碱,在pH,2～10仍然能检测到很高的抑菌活性.但经过酶处理后抑菌活性降低程度不同.