西松烯内酯的合成研究——Ⅱ.中间体苏式-7-羟基-3,9,13-三甲基-6-异丙烯基-(2E,8E,12)-十四碳三烯苯硫醚的合成

以香叶醇为原料经过4步反应得到8-溴-3,7-二甲基-(2E,6E)-辛二烯基苯硫醚(7),(7)与(?)牛儿醛在Cr(Ⅱ)作用下立体选择地得到苏式-7-羟基-3,9,13-三甲基-6-异丙烯基-(2E,8E,12)-十四碳三烯苯硫醚.     

LY12铝合金的冰盘抛光纳米加工实验研究

采用冰盘抛光新技术，首次对LY12铝合金材料进行了纳米抛光加工实验研究，给出了实际测量结果。通过分析与实验验证，得出了不同加工参数对冰盘抛光精度带来不同影响的规律。对冰盘抛光纳米加工进行了较为深入的分析与探讨。     

Analysis of components of conserved “backbone sequences”among genomes of Shigella spp. strains

Difference in the genomic compositions of prokaryotes is the basis of the diversity in their biological characters. However, besides their flora-or strain-specific genes,those floras with closer relationship in the evolution also have conserved “backbone sequences”, which reveal the marks of their origin and evolution, and these “backbone sequences”are just the basis of their elementary living abilities and common biological properties. Shigella is very closely related to E. coli in the origin and evolution, and may turn out to belong to the same genus. In this study, a microarray containing E. coli K-12 whole genome and Sf301 specific ORFs is used to investigate the genomic components of four Shigella strains. The results indicate that 16%-22% K-12 ORFs sequences are not detected in the genome of Shigella strains while the genome of Shigella contains at least 2800 conserved ORFs, which compose the common “backbone sequences”.Advanced analysis indicated that the “backbone sequences”are the essential components in maintaining the normal physiological activities of intestinal bacteria. Furthermore,only 20% Sf301-specific ORFs exist in other strains simultaneously, which demonstrate the great genome heterogeneity and the genetic diversity among the strains.     

CD1d and natural T cells: how their properties jump-start the immune system

Cellular and humoral immune mechanisms recruited to defend the host from infectious agents depend upon the early immune events triggered by antigen. The cytokine milieu within which the immune response matures is the most important of many factors that govern the nature of the immune response. Natural T cells, whose function is controlled by CD1d molecules, are an early source of cytokines that can bestow type 1 or type 2 differentiative potential upon helper T lymphocytes. This review attempts to illuminate the glycolipid antigen presentation properties of CD1d, how CD1d controls the function of natural T cells and how CD1d and natural T cells interact to jump start the immune system. CD1d is postulated to function as a sensor, sensing alterations in cellular lipid content by virtue of its affinity for such ligands. The presentation of a neo-self glycolipid, presumably by infectious assault of antigen-presenting cells, activates natural T cells, which promptly release pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and jumpstart the immune system. Received 10 July 2000; received after revision 16 October 2000, accepted 16 November 2000     

提高超声波测距精度的方法

基于宏晶公司新近推出的STC12C5410单片机,通过利用温度校正、标杆校正、软件校正的方法实现超声波测距精度由厘米级向毫米级跨进的方法。给出了硬件设计电路图及软件的流程图。在电路的实际测试过程中,成功地达到了预期的效果。     

CD40L对B淋巴细胞表面分子及分泌IL-12的影响

在体外使用CD40L作用于B淋巴细胞使之活化,通过测定B淋巴细胞表面分子及分泌细胞因子的变化,探讨B淋巴细胞作为抗原递呈细胞在抗肿瘤免疫中的优势,为B淋巴细胞特异性活化细胞毒T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)进而发挥其肿瘤细胞杀伤效应奠定基础.取7名健康成人外周静脉血,经淋巴细胞分离液分离人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),分为对照组和实验组,实验组培养液中加入加入CD40L和IL-4,共培养21 d.观察B淋巴细胞生长状况,并在第7 d、第14 d和第21 d,用流式细胞仪(FCAS)测定其表面分子CD80、CD86和CD19,在第21 d,使用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定培养液中的IL-12水平.结果显示,在CD40L的作用下,B淋巴细胞呈克隆样增殖,并高表达表面分子CD80/CD86和CD19,和对照组相比,B淋巴细胞分泌IL-12水平升高(P＜0.05).上述实验结果说明通过CD40L的刺激,B淋巴细胞得到了活化,提示通过该途径活化的B淋巴细胞具备了作为抗原递呈细胞而发挥其抗肿瘤免疫治疗的能力.     

大孔吸附树脂AIA吸附维生素B12的研究

大孔吸附树脂A_(IA)的骨架主要是由丙烯酸酯和衣康酸双烯丙酯组成,它有好的吸附能力和淋洗性能.A_(IA)树脂按照Freundlich方程吸附VB_(12).     

Understanding of the influence of process parameters on the heat transfer behavior at the metal/die interface in high pressure die casting process

The current paper focuses on the influence of the process parameters on the peak values of the interfacial heat transfer coefficient(IHTC)at metal/die interface during high pressure die casting(HPDC)process.A"step shape"casting and AM50 alloy were used during the experiment.The IHTC was determined by solving the inverse thermal problem based on the measured temperature inside the die.Results show that the initial die surface temperature(IDST,TDI)has a dominant influence while the casting pressure and fast shot velocity have a secondary influence on the IHTC peak values.By curve fitting,it was found that the IHTC peak value(hmax)changes as a function of the IDST in a manner of hmax=e αTγ DI .Such relationship between the IHTC peak value and the IDST can also be found when the casting alloy is ADC12,indicating that this phenomenon is a common characteristic in the HPDC process.     

δ铁素体对12%Cr超超临界转子钢冲击性能的影响

高中压转子是超超临界火电机组的关键零部件,要求具有很高的高低温冲击性能,材料一般采用高铬(12%Cr)耐热合金钢.该文通过一系列实验,研究了12%Cr转子钢1Cr12W2NiMoVNbN钢组织中δ铁素体对室温冲击性能的影响.结果表明:δ铁素体的存在会严重损害该钢的冲击性能,而奥氏体晶粒尺寸在一定范围内对其冲击性能影响不大;对已经出现的δ铁素体,可以用在900～1 150℃温度区间长期保温的方法进行消除.研究结果对科学制定超超临界高中压转子铜热处理工艺具有参考价值.     

DiNi12电子水准仪在济南龙奥大厦沉降观测中的应用

结合济南龙奥大厦沉降观测项目,介绍了应用DiNi12电子水准仪进行沉降观测的全过程,并对测量结果进行了分析。