黑河市世界银行贷款结构病控制项目实施七年来效果分析

地黑河市利用世界银行贷款实施结核病控制项目的效果进行了评价和分析。     

A checklist of the valid avian species of Babesia (Apicomplexa: Piroplasmorida), Haemoproteus,Leucocytozoon (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida), and Hepatozoon (Apicomplexa: Haemogregarinidae)

A current checklist of valid avian species of Babesia, Haemoproteus, Hepatozoon, and Leucocytozoon is presented. Some taxonomic problems which have arisen since the last review are discussed as too are the remaining host family groups of parasites still requiring review.     

H5N1亚型禽流感毒株A/Duck/HuBei/3/2005的分子特征及致病性研究

采用分子生物学方法,对1株2005年从湖北省某县分离获得的禽流感病毒株(A/Duck/HuBei/3/2005)进行全基因组序列测定.序列分析显示,该分离株为H5N1亚型.HA蛋白在HA1和HA2连接处,含有连续多碱性氨基酸模体(-RRKKR-).根据进化分析结果,分离株A/Duck/HuBei/3/2005的7个基因来源于2004～2005年湖南地区流行株(CK/HN/999/05,DK/HN303/04),但是PA基因片段发生了重排,来源于野禽.动物实验显示DK/HB/3/05对鸡和鸭均具有高致病性;对小鼠有较低致病性.     

鸡新城疫病毒分离株部分生物学特性的测定

对已经分离的鸡西新疫病毒分离株部分生物学特性进行了测定。该新城疫病毒分离株为1日龄雏鸡脑内接种致病指数（ICPI）为1.51，鸡胚最小致死量（MLD）为10^-8，平均死亡时间（MDT）为46.2h，鸡胚半数感染量（EID50）为10^-10.1，并与已知标准株进行了比较。按规定的标准判定，该分离株为毒力较强的鸡新城疫强毒株。     

H5N1亚型禽流感的诊断及临床病理学研究

对一起鸡传染病进行了病原鉴定并对其自然死亡的46例蛋鸡进行了临床病理学研究，结果表明，本起鸡病为A型禽流感，H5N1亚型，属高致死性(HPAI)；急性热性出血性败血症；急性坏死性胰腺炎；非化脓性脑炎；卡他性上呼吸道炎；卡他性、间质性肺炎。     

抗鸡新城疫大肠杆菌病副伤寒三联血清的研制

研制了抗鸡新城疫大肠杆菌病副伤寒三联血清。结果表明：①兔体制备的三联血清效价高于绵羊制备的三联血清效价（P≤0．1）。②鼠体效力试验结果显示兔体三联血清的保护率为80％,绵羊抗血清的保护率为60％。③兔体三联血清用于非典型性新城疫的紧急接种保护实验,对已受感染和初显症状蛋鸡保护率达85％,中、重度病鸡,保护率达62％。④对兔体三联血清应进行提纯和浓缩,以便进一步提高其质量。     

新城疫病毒HN蛋白表达条件的优化、纯化及其活性鉴定

为提高HN蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达水平,本研究从不同诱导时间、培养基不同pH、不同甲醇诱导剂量等因素对HN基因在毕赤酵母中的表达条件进行优化。按最适条件大量诱导表达,对表达产物进行纯化,并通过血凝试验检测其生物学活性。结果表明pPICZαA-HN／X-33在培养液pH6．0,2．0％甲醇浓度、诱导96h时为最优条件,HN蛋白的表达量最高,可达0．3mg／mL,并具有较好的生物学活性。     

鸭禽流感母源抗体的消长规律及其免疫效果

为研究鸭禽流感免疫程序,对不同日龄的雏鸭进行禽流感母源抗体的检测,并对雏鸭接种禽流感H5、H9二价油乳剂苗后的HI抗体水平进行了检测。结果表明,雏鸭的母源抗体水平在1日龄达最高值,然后逐渐下降;H5抗体20日龄后降低到4.5log2以下,H9抗体25日龄后降低到4.8log2以下。根据试验采用的免疫方案,对雏鸭在8日龄时进行首免,并多次免疫后可提高H5、H9抗体水平,有效预防禽流感的发生。     

新城疫病毒TL1株P、NP、L蛋白基因表达载体的构建及鉴定

将新城疫病毒TL1株的P、NP、L基因通过RT-PCR方法从尿囊液中扩增后分别克隆进pGEM-Teasy载体,再分别亚克隆到真核表达载体pCI-neo上,命名为pCI-P、pCI-NP、pCI-L,通过酶切、PCR和测序验证克隆正确.纯化后的重组质粒单独转染BHK-21细胞,经间接免疫荧光试验检测到了P、NP、L蛋白的表达.新城疫病毒TL1株的P、NP、L基因的克隆成功,为即将进行的新城疫病毒的反向遗传操作奠定了基础.     

High prevalence of blood parasites in hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes

Fifty-seven hawfinches Coccothraustes coccothraustes were caught in May–June 1982–2001 on the Curonian Spit in the Baltic Sea and investigated by microscopical examination of stained blood films. Haemoproteus fringillae, H. tartakovskyi, Leucocytozoon dubreuili, L. fringillinarum, L. majoris, Plasmodium relictum, P. vaughani, Trypanosoma avium, T. everetti, and microfilariae were identified. The overall prevalence of infection was 100%. Prevalences of Haemoproteus spp. (89.5%), Plasmodium spp. (61.4%), Leucocytozoon spp. (78.9%), Trypanosoma spp. (26.3%), and microfilariae (29.8%) were recorded. No differences were discernible in parasite fauna, prevalence, or intensity of infection between males and females or between young and adult birds. The majority of infections (86.0% of all birds) were mixed, with parasites from two to five different genera present in each blood smear. These birds were failed breeders migrating through the Curonian Spit. It is probable that heavy haematozoan infections can influence the breeding success of birds.