银杏叶片愈伤组织培养及光暗条件对黄酮含量的影响

以银杏嫩叶为外植体,在添加不同种类和浓度激素的MS培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导研究,同时分析光暗条件对愈伤组织生长和黄酮含量的影响。愈伤组织生长后,用分光光度比色法分析测定银杏愈伤组织黄酮含量。实验结果:在光照条件下,添加激素6-BA1.0mg/L和NAA2.0 mg/L的MS培养基中,诱导形成的愈伤组织生长最好,黄酮含量较高。     

藜中黄酮类的化学成分

采用正、 反相硅胶和葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱技术对藜（Chenopodium album L.）的黄酮类化学成分进行分离和纯化, 得到4个黄酮类化合物, 分别
为槲皮素3-O-芸香糖苷(1)、 芹菜素6,8-二-C-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、 槲皮素3-O-［α-L-鼠李糖（1→4）-α-L-鼠李糖（1→6）-β-D-葡萄糖］(3)、 异鼠李素3-O-［α-L-鼠李糖（1→4）-α-L-鼠李糖（1→6）-β-D-葡萄糖］(4). 其中化合物2、3、4为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

土木香内生真菌YIGZ-3抗菌活性及菌种鉴定

采用组织分离法从药用植物土木香根、茎和叶片中分离出32株内生真菌,通过纸片扩散法测定20株土木香内生真菌,筛选出1株具有较强抑菌活性的菌株,命名为YIGZ-3.用薄层层析法（TLC）法和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）法检测其发酵液中的土木香内脂,通过形态学特征观察和rRNA基因内转录间隔区（ITS）序列分析对菌株进行鉴定.结果显示：菌株YIGZ-3对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念球菌均有较强的抑菌活性,其发酵液中检测到与土木香内脂相似的化合物,根据真菌形态特征和ITS序列同源性鉴定表明菌株YIGZ-3为塔宾曲霉菌（Aspergillus tubingensis）.     

无穷区间上含参数分数阶微分方程积分边值问题正解的存在性

考虑一类无穷区间上含参数的Riemann-Liouville型分数阶微分方程积分边值问题.运用锥压缩-锥拉伸不动点定理,建立并证明了该边值问题在无穷区间上正解的存在性与不存在性定理,并给出一个应用实例.     

传感器饱和约束下非线性切换系统鲁棒 L 1 滤波

为解决传感器饱和约束问题, 研究了一类非线性时滞切换系统的鲁棒 L 1 滤波。 所考虑的非线性时滞切换 系统具有满足李普希茨约束条件的非线性和范数有界不确定性。 基于平均驻留时间法(ADT: Average Dwell Time), 通过构造一个时滞依赖的 Lyapunov 函数, 建立传感器饱和约束下非线性切换系统的时滞相关峰值鄄峰值 (L 1 )性能判据, 并将滤波器的设计转化为求解一组线性矩阵不等式的凸优化问题。 最后, 通过仿真算例验证 了该方法的有效性。     

川滇琼地区麻疯树种子核糖体失活蛋白资源调查

本研究对西昌、攀枝花、仁里、海口、三亚、东方六地的麻疯树种子进行资源调查研究,结果显示六个地区麻疯树种子胚乳核糖体失活蛋白含量均值为1.8770~2.5602mg/g,由高到低依次为西昌、三亚、海口、仁里、攀枝花、东方,且地区间差异较大.各地区内部种子胚乳核糖体失活蛋白含量数据分析显示,仁里地区种子胚乳核糖体失活蛋白含量变异系数最大,为14.6189;海口地区的变异系数最小,为7.1876.麻疯树种子性状相关性分析结果显示胚乳核糖体失活蛋白含量与百粒重、出仁率值在0.01水平上没有相关性,与含油率相关性不显著,与可溶性蛋白含量在0.01水平上低度负相关.综合各项指标认为西昌地区的麻疯树种子核糖体失活蛋白含量较高,可作为现阶段核糖体失活蛋白应用的材料来源之一.     

瑞香狼毒对东亚飞蝗作用机理的初步研究

利用硅胶柱分离瑞香狼毒乙酸乙酯萃取物得到Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ段粗分物,并测定对东亚飞蝗毒杀活性最高的I段粗分物对东亚飞蝗的致死性及对其体内Na~+-K~+-ATPase、Ca~(2+)/Mg~(2+)-ATPase、乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性.研究表明:瑞香狼毒I段粗分物对东亚飞蝗具有较强的毒杀作用,在药物浓度为10mg/mL、72h对东亚飞蝗的校正死亡率为92.50%;同时,毒杀作用具有浓度和时间依赖性;而且瑞香狼毒乙酸乙酯萃取物I段粗分物对上述3种酶均有一定的抑制作用,且对Na~+-K~+-ATPase的抑制作用最强,在药物浓度为5mg/mL、96h对Na~+-K~+-ATPase的抑制率为40.38%;分析发现瑞香狼毒活性成分对东亚飞蝗的毒杀作用与对Na~+-K~+-ATPase的抑制作用之间具有显著相关性,据此推测,Na~+-K~+-ATPase可能是瑞香狼毒活性成分的主要作用靶标之一.     

芝麻的花药培养

本文用正交试验法验证和筛选出芝麻花药培养最适宜的培养基,并对芝麻接种材料的遗传差异和生理状态作了初步探讨。     

Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the family Araucariaceae based on the DNA sequences of eight genes

Araucariaceae is one of the most primitive families of the living conifers, and its phylogenetic relationships and divergence times are critically important issues. The DNA sequences of 8 genes, i.e., nuclear ribosomal 18S and 26S rRNA, chloroplast 16S rRNA, rbcL, matK and rps4, and mitochondrial coxl and atpl, obtained from this study and GenBank were used for constructing the molecular phylogenetic trees of Araucariaceae, indicating that the phyiogenetic relationships among the three genera of this family should be （（Wollemia, Agathis）, Araucaria）. On the basis of the fossil calibrations of Wollemia and the two tribes Araucaria and Eutacta of the genus Araucaria, the divergence time of Araucariaceae was estimated to be （308± 53） million years ago, that is, the origin of the family was in the Late Carboniferous rather than Triassic as a traditional view. With the same gene combination, the diver- gence times of the genera Araucaria and Agathis were （246 ± 47） and （61 ±15） Ma, respectively. Statis- tical analyses on the phylogenetic trees generated by using different genes and comparisons of the divergence times estimated by using those genes suggested that the chloroplast matK and rps4 genes are most suitable for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the family Araucariaceae.     

Fine mapping of the red plant gene R1 in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)

Sub 16 is a substitution line with G. hirsutum cv. TM-1 genetic background except that the 16th chromosome (Chr. 16) is replaced by the corresponding homozygous chromosome of G. barbadense cv. 3-79, and T586 is a G. hirsutum multiple gene marker line with 8 dominant mutation genes. The R ₁ gene for anthocyanin pigmentation was tagged in Chr. 16 in T586. The objective of this research was to screen SSR markers tightly linked with R ₁ by using the F₂ segregating population containing 1259 plants derived from the cross of Sub 16 and T586 and the backbone genetic linkage map from G. hirsutum×G. barbadense BC₁ newly updated by our laboratory. Genetic analysis suggested that the segregation ratio of red plants in the F₂ population fit Mendelian 1:2:1 inheritance, confirming that the red plant trait was controlled by an incomplete dominance gene. Preliminary mapping of R ₁ was conducted using 237 randomLy selected F₂ individuals and JoinMap v3.0 software. Then, a fine map of R1 was constructed using the F₂ segregating population containing 1259 plants, and R ₁ was located between NAU4956 and NAU6752, with only 0.49 cM to the nearest maker loci (NAU6752). These results provided a foundation for map-based cloning of R ₁ and further development of cotton cultivars with red fibers by transgenic technology. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30730067) and Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (Grant No. B08025)