Recent temperature increase recorded in an ice core in the source region of Yangtze River

Interests on climate change in the source region of Yangtze River have been raised since it is a region with the greatest warming over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A 70-year history of precipitation δ~(18)O has been recovered using an ice core record retrieved in a plat portion of the firn area in the Guoqu Glacier (33°34′37.8″N, 91°10′35.3″E, 5720 m a.s.l.), Mt. Geladaindong (the source region of Yangtze River), in November, 2005. By using a significant positive relationship between ice core δ~(18)O record and summer air temperature (July to September) from the nearby meteorological stations, a history of summer air temperature has been reconstructed for the last 70 years. Summer temperature was relatively low in 1940s and high in 1950s to the middle of 1960s. The lowest temperature occurred in the middle of 1970s. Temperature was low in 1980s and dramatically increased since 1990s, keeping the trend to the begin-ning of the 21st century. The warming rate recorded in the ice core with 0.5℃/10 a since 1970s is much higher that that in the central TP and the Northern Hemisphere (NH), and it becomes 1.1℃/10 a since 1990s which is also higher than these from the central TP and the NH, reflecting an accelerated warm-ing and a more sensitive response to global warming in the high elevation region.     

基于产品概念设计理论的快速冰酒器三维结构的设计

本文主要包括的是产品概念设计的要求和作用的分析和理论知识结合实际的设计实例。快速冰酒器作为产品概念设计的一个实例，对其功能，造型，结构，材料，色彩和各个零部件的连接和装配关系等要素进行设计。采用pro／E软件建模概念产品快速冰酒器的零件结构图，部分装配图和最终效果图。还包括有关的文字解释和总结等内容。     

Redescription and systematic status of the Antarctic genus Abietinella Levinsen, 1913 (Lafoeidae,Hydrozoa, Cnidaria)

The Antarctic–Patagonian genus Abietinella, comprising two known species, Abietinella operculata (Jäderholm, ) and Abietinella grandis (Vanhöffen, ), is reviewed. The holotype of Abietinella operculata is fully redescribed, including morphometry and cnidome, unknown up to now. Its distinctive characters are the growth habit, hydrothecal shape and, most important, the presence of a dish‐shaped operculum attached to the adcauline side of the hydrothecal aperture. We corroborate its conspecificity with A. grandis and, therefore, the monotypic condition of Abietinella.     

基于光纤Fabry-Perot传感器的静冰压力检测方法研究

针对静冰压力检测需求,本文提出了一种基于光纤Fabry-Perot传感原理的静冰压力检测方法。其特点是结合精密切割方法,制备了一种单模光纤-毛细玻璃管-单模光纤结构的Fabry-Perot传感器,并采用金属管/PDMS填充方法对传感器进行了封装。为了提升传感器的抗温度干扰能力,采用了双传感器检测方法。在此基础上,进行了基于光纤FP传感器的静冰内部应力检测实验,研究了传感器受到冰温压力时的干涉谱峰偏移情况。实验结果表明：在静冰冷冻与融化过程中,传感器干涉光谱的谱峰移动达14nm。同时双传感器检测方法明显提升了其温度抗干扰能力。     

Species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa,Sertulariidae) from recent Antarctic expeditions with R.V. Polarstern,with the description of four new species

Fifteen species of the genus Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher have been studied, four of which are new to science (Symplectoscyphus anae sp. nov., S. frigidus sp. nov., S. sofiae sp. nov. and S. weddelli sp. nov.). The material studied originates from the Weddell Sea and was collected by several French and German Antarctic expeditions with R.V. Polarstern. Each species is described and figured, the systematic position amongst allied species discussed and available data concerning autecology and geographical distribution given. The type material of five poorly known species of Symplectoscyphus, S. aggregatus (Jäderholm), S. cumberlandicus (Jäderholm), S. glacialis (Jäderholm), S. hero Blanco and S. plectilis (Hickson and Gravely), has been re-examined, re-described and figured. Finally, a general survey of the bathymetrical and biogeographical distribution of the known Antarctic species is given.     

钢抱箍式无支架支撑法在桥梁盖梁中的应用

钢筋混凝土结构在桥梁建设中最为常见,随着桥梁施工技术水平不断提高,作为既节省周转材料,又保证施工质量的钢抱箍式无支架支撑法,正逐渐成为盖梁施工中的一种广泛使用的施工方法。     

新疆引水式水电站冬季运行防治冰害的技术措施

分析讨论了新疆引水式水电站在冬季运行中冰、冰冻造成的危害及其产生的原因，提出了解决冰冻危害的技术措施。     

河流冰期水位研究

冰期水位计算是冰水力学、冰水学的重要内容，对于防治、预报凌汛乃至研究冰期河床演变均具有重要的作用。笔在中国《水利水电工程水计算规范》所推荐的计算方法的基础上，根据实验室资料提出了冰期水位计算应具有的定性表达形式，并据此提出了冰塞段水位的计算思路。     

中国古代藏冰用冰礼俗述论

中国古代藏冰用冰开始于何时,目前尚难断言.然据有关史籍记载,至少可以上溯到西周时期.自西周以降,历代封建王朝均设有专职"掌冰"的官员或机构来管理藏冰之事.古代藏冰条件简陋,方法简单,藏存冰块和开启冰窖均有一定的时间,而且有一些相沿成习的仪式.古人用冰范围甚广,冰在现代社会的主要用途,中国古代无不毕具.     

以气温为边界条件的水库冰盖厚度的数值模拟研究

针对寒区水库冰盖厚度增长的数值模拟问题,依据黑龙江省红旗泡水库2008年、2009年2个冬季现场观测的气温、冰温等实测数据,应用最小二乘法进行参数辨识,改进前人关于冰面温度与气温关系的表达形式,确定了黑龙江省大庆地区水库冰盖冰面温度依赖于大气温度的线性变化关系.分析了前人对寒区水库冰盖热力模式及冰厚增长数值模拟研究的方法,对其一维热力学模型和单相Steften问题所采用的数值解法进行了改进,用已给出的转换关系将大气温度转换后的冰面温度作为边界条件,对黑龙江省红旗泡水库2008、2009年2个冬季冰盖厚度的增长情况进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果与现场实测数据吻合良好.