聚乳酸/二氧化硅静电纺丝复合纤维膜的制备与表征

为提高聚乳酸（PLA）静电纺丝纤维膜的热性能及机械性能,以PLA为基体,正硅酸乙酯为SiO₂前驱体,通过溶胶-凝胶法和静电纺丝工艺制备PLA/SiO₂复合纤维膜。研究表明：通过静电纺丝,SiO₂被成功引入PLA基体制备成纤维膜,其中PLA呈非晶态,且SiO₂增大了PLA的分子间距;SiO₂的引入可以显著提高800 ℃时的残余量;SiO₂可以提高复合纤维膜的断裂强度和断裂伸长率,且当（SiO₂）为1 %时,断裂强度和断裂伸长率分别提高至2.82 MPa和42.2 %;静电纺丝纤维膜内的纤维无序排列,粗细不均匀,SiO₂引入后,PLA的孔洞更加明显、致密。总之,SiO₂引入PLA基体后,复合纤维膜在800 ℃的残余率显著提高,断裂强度及断裂伸长率改善,且形成致密的孔洞结构。     

丙烯酸的量子拓扑研究

用RHF自洽场从头计算在STO-3G基组水平上优化了顺式和反式丙烯酸的平衡构型.在此基础上对其进行了拓扑分析研究,发现顺式丙烯酸的平衡构型是一环状结构,H(5)和H(7)之间有弱键相连.但H(5)和H(7)之间键的键鞍点靠近环鞍点,说明它是一不稳定构型,H(5)-H (7)键有断裂的趋势.这也能说明反式结构比顺式更稳定.     

叔丁酚酚醛树脂化学增幅抗蚀剂

以叔丁酚改性酚醛树脂与双叔丁氧碳酸酐为原料,合成了一种化学增幅感光性高分子,摸索出这类合成反应的最佳条件,进而配制出一系列化学增幅抗蚀剂组成物,并对其感光性能及光解动力学进行了研究。     

3种五加中微量元素和氨基酸含量分析

用等离子体发射光谱仪和氨基酸分析仪测定了吴茱萸、细柱五加和华人参木不同部位中的微量元素含量及人体必须的多种氨基酸，结果表明：３种五加中的大部分微量元素分布趋势一致，但华人参木各部位的锰元素含量很高，其叶中的氨基酸含量均高于其它部位４－５倍。     

三长链烷基季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂的合成

以个长链烷基二亚乙基三胺和脂肪酸为原料，经酰胺化、季铵化合成了６种未见文献报道的三长链烷基季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂。     

(S)-(+)-4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-(indole-3-)butyric acid,a novel fluorinated plant growth regulator

Racemic 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(indole-3-)butyric acid (TFIBA) has been synthesized and shown to inhibitAvena coleoptile elongation. (S)-(+)-TFIBA (fig. 1), which was prepared by an enzymatic method and markedly promotes root growth of Chinese cabbage, lettuce and rice plants, is a novel fluorinated plant growth regulator. Activity of the (S)-(+)-enantiomer of TFIBA was 10-fold greater than that of the (R)-(–)-enantiomer in the first two plant species and 5-fold greater in rice.     

聚苯乙烯负载手性化合物的合成

介绍了-种简单而有效地制备聚苯乙烯负载手性化合物的新方法．以无水三氯化铝、1，2-二氯乙烷为催化剂和溶剂，在室温下利用N-邻苯二甲酰-L-谷氨酰氯与聚苯乙烯发生傅-克酰化反应，合成了聚苯乙烯负载的手性化合物，并通过FT-IR和元素分析对产物进行了表征．     

Changes of Soil Enzyme Activities in Different Restoration Ages of Spruce Forests on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Six soil enzymes (invertase, acid phosphatase, proteinase, catalase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase ) were chosen for investigation under different spruce forests with restoration ages of 4,10,16 years and an old-growth spruce forest over 400 years old in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. Results showed that the activities of invertase, phosphatase, proteinase, catalase and peroxidase decreased in newly restored forests except for pholyphenoloxidase. With the development of forests after restoration, the activities of invertase, acid phosphadase, proteinase increased gradually. Our study also indicated that the soil enzyme activities were associated with surface soils and decreased with depths. This result suggested that in the earlier restoration stage the application of organic fertilizer may be more effective by surface addition to soils than deep addition.     

PET/PHB(40/60)共聚反应和链结构

本文通过溶解性试验、富里埃红外光谱(FT-IR)、热台偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、高分辨核磁共振氢谱(′H—NMR)等方法,对 PET/PHB(40/60)共聚合反应历程,反应过程中嵌段性的形成,以及链结构的变化情况进行了研究。结果表明:共聚合反应初期,同时存在着 PET 的酸性裂介,PHB 的均聚,以及 PET 和 PHB 链段之间的缩聚。随共聚合反应的进行,均聚反应减慢,反应初期所形成的 PHB 刚性链段重新打开参加酯交换反应,共聚酯序列结构由嵌段性逐渐向无规性靠近。