横向滑坡载荷作用下埋地PE管道的损伤数值模拟

埋地燃气输送管道服役环境复杂,其中滑坡地质灾害严重威胁管道的服役安全。本文以埋地聚乙烯(PE)管道为研究对象,利用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了横向滑坡载荷作用下的管道损伤行为,探讨了滑坡参数(滑坡体位移量)、管道埋深以及内压对PE管力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:滑坡作用下埋地PE管最大偏移、最大Mises应力和最大主应变均位于管轴向横截对称面上。管道最大Mises应力随滑坡位移量的增大而增大,管底为管道最终屈服点,屈服主要原因为管横截面被压扁变形。管道未屈服时,最大Mises应力随内压的增大呈现先减小后增大的现象,最大主应变随内压的增大而增大。最大Mises应力和最大主应变均随埋深的增大而增大。     

STOKES问题的优化结果

为了研究Stokes问题的最小二乘有限元近似解的超收敛结果,利用最小二乘曲面拟合的方法给出了Stokes问题的最小二乘有限元解中速度的优化结果.该结果表明:随着构成拟合空间的分片多项式次数的增加,理论上得到的速度的近似解精度越高.该结果是以Stokes问题的正则性为前提的.     

基于参数化建模方法的复合式盾构机刀盘力学性能分析与结构优化

刀盘是盾构机的核心部件之一,合理的刀盘结构设计是安全高效掘进的基础。为了快速高效建立刀盘有限元模型并分析其力学性能,采用基于APDL（ANSYS parametric design language）命令流开发的参数化建模方法,建立了某型号复合式盾构机刀盘的数字模型。对刀盘施加极限工况下的推力和扭矩,通过静力学分析得到了刀盘的应力分布和变形分布,确定了最大应力和最大变形位置,校核了刀盘的静强度和静刚度。进一步以刀盘总质量为优化目标,以刀盘强度和刚度为约束条件建立了基于参数化建模的刀盘结构优化方法,提出了刀盘结构优化流程。通过参数敏感性分析确定了刀盘优化参数,探究相关参数对刀盘强度和刚度的影响。对复合式盾构机刀盘的关键参数进行优化。结果表明：优化后刀盘的最大应力降低了12%,最大变形降低了20%,质量减轻了119 kg。因此,基于参数化建模的优化方法可以提供刀盘的强度与刚度,并同时降低刀盘质量。研究成果可为后续多目标刀盘结构优化提供参考。     

关于物元可拓集的若干性质

推广了原有物元可拓集的定义,刻划了物元可拓集与事物集×特征集上的二元可拓关系之间的联系,给出了物元变换及其可拓域与稳定域的若干性质。     

土地资源优化配置的物元模型

应用可拓学的理论和方法,对土地资源的特征及优化配置进行了分析,建立了土地资源优化配置的物元模型,为土地资源的优化配置和合理利用提供一种新的科学方法。     

虚拟手术中基于最少单元分裂的切割仿真技术

详细论述了虚拟手术中切割仿真技术的实现.虚拟软组织模型由四面体网格构成,四面体分裂算法使用了最少单元分裂法.为了提高算法效率,设计了由顶点、边、面和四面体4种基本单元构成,并且具有相关指针的软组织模型数据结构.详细阐述了最少单元分裂法中每种分裂类型的具体实现,以及解决内部分裂不一致问题的方法.碰撞检测使用了基于空间一致性原则的邻域搜索法.最后给出了使用肝脏模型进行切割仿真的结果.     

曲面薄壳有限元离散误差分析和修正方法研究

基于曲面薄壳几何/物理方程和有限元离散原理推导,揭示了壳单元离散方法特点、刚度矩阵误差产生机理和范数表示方法。以航空涡轮发动机测压探针为例,深入研究了利用协调平板壳单元、非协调平板壳单元、一次和二次实体退化壳单元等不同类型单元离散曲面薄壳时,应力计算误差影响因素及变化规律,综述了单元的适用条件。基于Boltzmann模型提出了应力计算结果修正通式,通过FORTRAN语言编程修正应力仿真结果和ANSYS二次开发语言APDL命令实现应力修正结果的读取和后处理,应力修正结果与理论解相对误差小于5%,满足曲面薄壳设计和稳定性分析应用要求。

Abstract：

Based on the geometric physical equations and deduction of discrete process of finite element for curved thin-walled structure,characteristics of shell elements for discretion and discrete error for element stiffness matrix were analyzed theoretically,and the norm expression of discrete error for element stiffness matrix was put forward.Then,as an illustration,a probe for detecting the pressure inside turboprops was meshed by curved thin-walled shell element,compatible flat shell element,incompatible flat shell element and 3D degenerated shell element,respectively,and the stress of the probe was numerically calculated by FEM.On the basis of solved results,the stress error was analyzed thoroughly,the influence factors on the error and the applying situations for different elements were determined.Finally,the general form of correctional function was put forward according to the Boltzmann model.The program developed with FORTRAN was used to correct the numerical results and the APDL commands inside ANSYS software were utilized to read and plot the correctional stress results.Through the correction,the discrete error can be reduced within 5% that satisfies the requirement of application for structural design and stability analysis.     

Efficient combination rule of Dezert-Smarandache theory

The Dezert-Smarandache theory （DSmT） is a useful method for dealing with uncertainty problems. It is more efficient in combining conflicting evidence. Therefore, it has been successfully applied in data fusion and object recognition. However, there exist shortcomings in its combination rule. An efficient combination rule is presented, that is, the evidence＇s conflicting probability is distributed to every proposition based on remaining the focal elements of conflict. Experiments show that the new combination rule improves the reliability and rationality of the combination results. Although evidences conflict another one highly, good combination results are also obtained.     

ACCURACY ANALYSIS FOR QUASI-CAREY ELEMENT*

In this paper, a new triangular element （Quasi-Carey element） is constructed by the idea of Specht element. It is shown that this Quasi-Carey element possesses a very special property, i.e., the consistency error is of order O（h^2）, one order higher than its interpolation error when the exact solution belongs to H^3（Ω）. However, the interpolation error and consistency error of Carey element are of order O（h）. It seems that the above special property has never been seen for other triangular elements for the second order problems.     

基于子结构法的某多管火箭炮频率特性分析

根据虚功原理,推导了子结构方法的动力学模型。采用实体单元建立了某多管火箭炮的子结构模型。计算了某多管火箭炮在不同俯仰角和装弹数量情况下的固有振动频率,得到了低阶固有频率与俯仰角的关系及低阶固有频率与火箭弹数量的关系。结果表明采用该方法计算频率,能减小计算模型,缩短计算时间。