L-半胱氨酸产生菌恶臭假单胞菌TS1138的鉴定和诱变育种

从土壤中分离得到一株利用DL-2-氨基-△^2-噻唑啉4-羧酸合成L-半胱氨酸的TS1138菌株，通过形态学特征、生理生化特征、（G＋C）（摩尔分数）和16S rRNA基因序列对其进行了分类鉴定，确定TS1138菌株为恶臭假单胞菌（Pseudomonas putida）．该菌株具有将DL-2-氨基-△^2-噻唑啉-4-羧酸不对称地水解生成L-半胱氨酸的性能．采用了L-半胱氨酸产物的检测方法即18-磷钨酸法、薄层层析法和旋光度法．将TS1138菌株进行亚硝基胍诱变，得到TS1138菌株脱巯基酶缺失突变株TS1138-10，其产L-半胱氨酸能力较出发菌株提高了50％以上．TS1138-10的稳定性实验表明，该菌株的高产L-半胱氨酸能力具有稳定性的遗传特性．     

磁性膨润土净水剂制备及其应用

针对粉末状膨润土在水处理应用中存在固液难以分离的问题，进行了磁性膨润土新型吸附剂开发的研究．通过膨润土提纯、在二价和三价铁离子混合溶液中用氨水调节负载铁的氧化物及真空干燥等步骤，制备了一系列不同磁化率的磁性膨润土产品．对产品进行X衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）及磁化率表征分析可知，膨润土表面负载的是四氧化三铁，其磁化率的大小随所负载铁含量的增加而增大．对水中微量氯乙酸和铅离子的吸附考察得知，磁性膨润土产品的吸附性能与原粉末状膨润土相当，但是对铅离子的吸附性能要比活性炭高得多．本文制得的磁性膨润土产品可以用磁分离技术非常容易地从溶液中分离出来，而且制备工艺简单，反应条件温和，在实际生产中具有广阔的应用前景．     

柴达木盆地西部第三系烃源岩生烃动力学研究

对柴达木盆地西部第三系烃源岩进行了生烃动力学模拟实验,使用氯仿对产物抽提,结果表明抽提物的生成量不符合经典的生烃动力学规律,无法采用动力学方程模型进行分析,这可能是由于模拟实验中产生了有机酸盐的缘故.柴西烃源岩模拟实验中抽提物的生成可以概括为有机母质一有机酸盐一抽提物和有机母质一抽提物两条途径.     

4,4''''-联苯二甲酸乙醇溶剂化物的晶体结构:包结客体溶剂分子的三维微孔晶格

利用X-射线单晶衍射技术在室温下测定了4,4’-联苯二甲酸乙醇溶剂化物(H2bpa).(ethanol)的晶体结构.结果表明,标题化合物处于三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.110 6(1)nm,b=1.227 6(2)nm,c=1.248 8(2)nm,α=103.565(2)°,β=108.187(2)°,γ=97.013(2)°,V=1.536 8(3)nm3,Z=4.晶格中存在两个结晶学独立的H2bpa分子,它们分别通过各自羧基间所形成的分子间双氢键桥相连接,形成两种具有不同延伸方式和取向的一维链状结构,这些一维链相互分离且呈交叉排列,从而构成了具有一维通道的三维微孔主体晶格,客体乙醇分子包结在其中,且与H2bpa分子之间存在氢键相互作用.     

硫酸生产废水中除砷方法探讨

对硫酸生产中净化工序废水进行处理，根据其含砷量多少，介绍其处理方法、工艺流程及机理，经处理后的污水均可达到国家排放标准，并可取得良好的环境效益、经济效益和社会效益。     

镍镀层材料表面硬脂酸配合物膜的电化学和光电子能谱研究

通过加速化学和电化学腐蚀实验(LSV)比较了长链脂肪酸和杂环化合物等一系列有机缓蚀剂在镍镀层材料表面形成的配合物膜的耐蚀性,结果表明,硬脂酸在镍镀层材料表面形成的膜耐蚀效果最佳.用光电子能谱(XPS和AES)研究了配合物膜层的结构和性能,以及在金属表面的成键特征和波谱变化,探讨了配合物膜的组成、化学状态和缓蚀机理.硬脂酸分子中COO-中的氧原子与镍镀层表面发生界面反应形成硬脂酸配合物膜,膜由镍的氧化物和镍的硬脂酸配合物组成,其中Ni和O分别呈 2、 3和-2价,配合物膜的结构可表示为Ni-硬脂酸/NimOn/Ni,各元素的相对原子百分浓度(A.C.%)分别为Ni65.6%、C23.5%、O10.7%,该膜层厚度约为12.5nm.     

微型流动注射化学发光仪测定蔬菜中残留的有机磷农药

目的利用便携式流动注射化学发光仪和紫外降解装置,检测蔬菜中残留的有机磷农药。方法过硫酸钾在紫外光的催化下能将有机磷降解为无机磷,无机磷在酸性条件下可以和钒酸盐、钼酸盐反应生成具有氧化性的磷钼钒杂多酸,可直接氧化鲁米诺产生强而稳定的化学发光信号;根据发光强度与磷的浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系,从而实现有机磷农药的定量测定。结果测定磷的检出限为1.0×10-10g/mL,线性范围为1.0×10-9~3.0×10-6g/mL,对浓度为2.0×10-7g/mL的磷平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为2.1%;当青菜中有机磷农药的添加浓度为1.00 mg/kg和2.00 mg/kg时,方法回收率在89.5%~113.5%之间。结论此方法简便快捷、准确可靠,实现了检测仪器的自动化和微型化,为市售蔬菜中有机磷农药残留的现场检测奠定了基础。     

Impact of dissolved humic acid on the bioavailability of acenaphthene and chrysene assessed by membrane-based passive samplers

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is known to reduce the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in aqueous environments. This reduction occurs as a result of adsorption to DOC, apparently reducing the freely dissolved concentration of HOCs. In the present study, triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (TECAM) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were used to measure the uptake of acenaphthene and chrysene in the presence of commercial humic acid (HA) at different concentrations (0―15 mg C·L-1) under controlled laboratory conditions. Apparent uptake rate constants for PAHs in TECAM and medaka were compared and DOC-water partition coefficients (KDOCs) of two PAHs were calculated with different sampling methods by model fit. Results showed that HA present in water significantly reduced the uptake of PAHs in TECAM and medaka. The obtained values of log KDOC of acenaphthene and chrysene measured by TECAM were 4.63 and 5.83, respectively, whereas biologically determined values were 4.52 and 5.76, respectively. These log KDOC values were comparable to earlier published KDOCs toward commercial HA, thereby indicating that TECAM accumulated only the freely dissolved fraction of chemicals and uptake PAHs in a manner similar to that of fish. All these results suggested that the TECAM method can provide a good means for assessing the impact of DOC on bioavailability of PAHs in the aqueous environment.     

Visible light photocatalytic decoloration of methylene blue on novel N-doped TiO2

Novel N-doped TiO2 (denoted as N-NTA600) was prepared by treating nanotube titanic acid (NTA) in NH3 flow. Its visible light photocatalytic activity,evaluated by decoloration reaction of methylene blue,is higher than that of N-P25(600) prepared by treatment of P25-TiO2 in the same condition. It is suggested that the origin of visible-light photocatalytic activity is single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy (Vo·) modified by chemisorbed NO.