Eu~(3+)掺杂La(OH)_3一维纳米线的磁学和发光性能研究

采用溶剂热法成功制备La(OH)_3和La(OH)_3:Eu~(3+)纳米材料,表征了样品的晶体结构、微观形貌、宏观磁性及发光特性。结果表明,所制备样品是微观尺寸均匀,分散性良好,直径约为14 nm、长度约为107 nm的一维线状结构。纯La(OH)_3和La(OH)_3:Eu~(3+)纳米线均表现出室温铁磁性能,且其饱和磁化强度和荧光发射随掺杂浓度的提高先升高后降低。Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度为3%时,所制备的La(OH)_3:Eu~(3+)纳米线的饱和磁化强度最高(43.1 memu/g),是纯La(OH)_3纳米线(2.04 memu/g)的22倍。该掺杂浓度的样品同时表现出了优异的荧光发射性能,在589 nm,616 nm和696 nm处具有Eu~(3+)的特征荧光发射谱线。此类材料在特殊纳米功能器件、磁性荧光靶向药物等方面具有潜在的应用价值。     

高压下晶界对BaTiO_3纳米晶电输运行为的影响（英文）

利用金刚石对顶砧装置,测量了BaTiO_3纳米晶高压下(最高压力达35GPa)的交流阻抗谱.给出了晶粒和晶界各自对电输运性质的贡献.在高压相,晶界对总的电输运性质起主导作用.三个结构相晶界电阻的差异源于结构相变引起的晶界微结构重组.     

三种多元复合结构的核壳催化剂研究进展

以核壳结构复合而成的催化剂,在催化反应中常表现出较高的整体活性、大的比表面积、优异的择形催化效果和良好的热稳定性.部分催化载体因具有优异的择形效果和结构稳定性,在多元复合核壳催化剂的设计中也占据了一定的地位.本文主要介绍了几种常用催化剂载体(Al_2O_3、SiO_2、ZSM-5)参与复合的核壳催化剂制备与应用的概况.     

3D建模与快速成型技术在个体化膝关节假体术中的应用

目的探讨3D建模与快速成型技术在个体化膝关节肿瘤假体手术治疗中的新方法,评价3D建模与快速成型技术的应用价值.方法选取3例膝关节骨肿瘤患者,术前均对膝关节周围病损区行CT扫描,获得原始数据后,导入Mimics19.0软件,在软件中模拟手术规划,并且设计与切除后剩余的骨组织相契合的钛合金"植物.随访期间应用国际骨与软组织肿瘤保肢(Musculoskeletal Tumor Society,MSTS)功能评分系统对患者的术后功能情况进行评价.结果 3例患者均获随访,随访时间5~26个月,平均16个月.末次随访MSTS得分为18~29分,平均24.3分,其中优2例,良1例,优良率达100%.结论通过3D建模与快速成型技术在膝关节肿瘤手术中的应用,可精确指导截骨界限,设计个体化膝关节假体,韧带附丽点接近生理结构,为膝关节骨肿瘤治疗提供新方法.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC-particle-strengthening tri-metal Al/Cu/Ni composite produced by accumulative roll bonding process

In this study, a multilayer Al/Ni/Cu composite reinforced with SiC particles was produced using an accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process with different cycles. The microstructure and mechanical properties of this composite were investigated using optical and scanning microscopy and hardness and tensile testing. The results show that by increasing the applied strain, the Al/Ni/Cu multilayer composite converted from layer features to near a particle-strengthening characteristic. After the fifth ARB cycle, a composite with a uniform distribution of reinforcements (Cu, Ni, and SiC) was fabricated. The tensile strength of the composite increased from the initial sandwich structure to the first ARB cycle and then decreased from the first to the third ARB cycle. Upon reaching five ARB cycles, the tensile strength of the composite increased again. The variation in the elongation of the composite exhibited a tendency similar to that of its tensile strength. It is observed that with increasing strain, the microhardness values of the Al, Cu, and Ni layers increased, and that the dominant fracture mechanisms of Al and Cu were dimple formation and ductile fracture. In contrast, brittle fracture in specific plains was the main characteristic of Ni fractures.     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al<Subscript>3</Subscript>Ti/ADC12 composite modified with Sr

In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of Sr (0wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, and 0.3wt%) on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy diffraction spectroscopy. The results reveal that the α-Al phases were nearly spherical and 40 μm in size and that the eutectic Si phases became round in the composite when the Sr content reached 0.2wt%. The Al₃Ti particles were distributed uniformly at the grain boundary. The results of the corrosion examination reveal that the Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite exhibited a minimum corrosion rate of 0.081 g·m–2·h–1 for an Sr content of 0.2wt%, which is two thirds of that of unmodified composite (0.134 g·m–2·h–1). This improved corrosion resistance was due to galvanic corrosion, which resulted from the low area ratio of the cathode to anode regions. This caused a low-density corrosion current in the composite, thereby yielding optimum corrosion resistance.     

2507双相不锈钢在SO2污染模拟海水中的腐蚀行为

采用开路电位、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、Mott-Schottky曲线和浸泡腐蚀实验研究了2507双相不锈钢在含不同浓度(0,0.001和0.01 mol·L-1)NaHSO3模拟海水中的腐蚀行为.研究表明:开路电位随NaHSO3浓度的增加而负移,腐蚀倾向增大;电荷转移电阻Rt随浓度的增加而减小,耐蚀性降低;2507不锈钢的腐蚀形态为局部腐蚀,点蚀程度随浓度升高有所加剧,腐蚀速率随浓度的增加而增大;Mott-Schottky曲线和成膜后电化学阻抗谱测试表明,NaHSO3的加入增加了2507不锈钢表面钝化膜的点缺陷浓度,降低了钝化膜的稳定性,电荷转移阻力减小,腐蚀更容易发生.这可能归因于NaHSO3的加入增加了模拟海水的酸度,并随NaHSO3浓度的增加促进了不锈钢表面钝化膜的破坏.     

柱状节理岩体相似材料力学特性试验研究

通过柱状节理岩体模型试验探究白鹤滩水电站坝区柱状节理岩体各向异性特征.使用了模拟岩体内部节理的新方式——3D打印制作不同倾角六棱柱形节理试件,以树脂为节理打印材料,水泥砂浆为模型材料,通过立方体试件单轴压缩试验考察节理岩体强度随倾角0°~45°变化的各向异性特征.试验结果表明:岩体压缩强度随着节理面延伸方向与竖直方向的夹角的逐渐增大而减小,单轴压缩下柱体破坏模式主要为剪切破坏.     

医用可降解Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金耐蚀性及细胞毒性

采用仿生法在Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金表面制备涂层,通过SEM,EDS和XRD分析表征涂层形貌和结构;采用电化学实验和浸泡腐蚀实验来研究涂层对合金降解速率的影响;采用生物毒性实验验证有无涂层Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金的毒性等级.实验结果表明:在Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金表面可以沉积致密的羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层,厚度约为30~40μm,HA涂层可以有效地降低Mg合金的降解速率;在体积分数为25%的有无涂层合金浸提液中培养细胞4d,细胞相对增值率均超过100%,有无涂层合金的细胞毒性均为0级.     

基于3S技术的土地利用动态变化研究

3S技术是进行资源环境研究的重要技术手段,在土地利用动态变化研究中,应用3S技术能够快速地获取动态变化信息,并进行空间叠加分析,具有传统方法无可比拟的优越性。该文以北京市密云县为例,探讨了基于3S技术的土地利用动态变化研究方法;并在3S技术支持下,对密云县1991年到2001年的土地利用状况进行了定量的变化分析。结果表明:从1991年到2001年,密云县土地利用变化呈现出下列特点——林地面积持续增加,耕地面积不断减少,密云水库面积明显减少,形势比较严峻。