地塞米松冲击治疗百草枯急性中毒的实验研究

目的：研究地塞米松对百草枯所致家兔急性肺损伤的保护作用,为临床防治急性肺损伤提供治疗依据。方法：将40只家兔随机分为3组。家兔按百草枯50mg／kg一次性腹腔注射染毒。百草枯中毒组：不予抢救。观察中毒后兔生存情况、死亡时间。地塞米松组：在染毒后,给予地塞米松5mg／kg注射。对照组,呋塞米5mg／kg注射。两组均每30分钟注射一次。持续监护呼吸变化及中毒表现。3小时为实验终点。采集死亡兔的肺作病理切片。取静脉血做心肌酶检测。结果：地塞米松冲击治疗百草枯急性中毒,生存期超过3小时。地塞米松可明显降低肺系数,纠正中毒心肌缺血。结论：地塞米松能在较短时间内降低百草枯急性中毒所致的家兔肺水肿症状,减轻肺损伤。对家兔中毒后有明显的心肌保护作用。     

急性出血坏死性胰腺炎病人的护理观察

急性出血坏死性胰腺炎发病急、病情重、发展快.针对病情复杂、易反复、难以护理的特点,制定相应的护理措施,有重点的进行观察,采取及时有效的措施,抓住抢救时机,对并发症观察和预防,抢救成功后进行有计划的身心整体护理,为病人抢救康复全过程制定护理计划,收效令人满意.     

银、铜、锰对日本沼虾的急性致毒剂量

Ag(Ⅰ)对白洋淀日本沼虾的24h LC_(50)为0.024mg/L,48h LC_(50)为0.014mg/L,安全浓度为0.0014mg/L;Cu(Ⅱ)对这种虾的24h LC_(50)为0.600mg/L,48h LC_(50)为0.400mg/L,安全浓度为0.053mg/L;而Mn(Ⅱ)对该虾的24h LC_(50)》32mg/L。上述研究结果,为渔业水质标准的修订和补充以及水质的评价提供了科学依据。     

玛咖细粉毒理安全性实验研究

目的检测玛咖细粉作为保健食品的安全性。方法小鼠经口急性毒性、二项致突变试验(小鼠骨髓微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验)以及90 d喂养试验。结果玛咖细粉对两种性别的SPF级昆明种小鼠急性经口毒性试验,24 h累积两次灌胃总量为10 g/kg.BW(相当于人群推荐日摄入量0.033 g/kg.BW的300倍),观察两周内动物未见明显中毒症状,无动物死亡,按急性毒性分级标准评价,该受试物属实际无毒级。二项致突变试验(骨髓细胞微核、小鼠精子畸变)结果均为阴性。90 d喂养试验结果表明:以1.5%、3.0%、6.0%比例将玛咖细粉加入基础饲料中进行90 d喂养实验,连续经口给予13周。低、中、高剂量组雌、雄性大鼠实际摄入受试物的量分别为1.51 g/kg.BW、3.05 g/kg.BW、6.16 g/kg.BW和1.42 g/kg.BW、2.87g/kg.BW、5.78 g/kg.BW(分别相当于人群推荐日摄入量0.033 g/kg.BW的46、93、187倍和43、87、175倍),对Wistar大鼠的临床检查、血液学、生化学、脏器重量和系数以及病理组织学等指标无明显影响,未发现该受试物有明显的毒性作用。结论玛咖细粉作为保健食品是安全的。     

A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus （Isolate BJO1）

The genome sequence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-assoclated virus provides essential information for the identification of pathogen(s), exploration of etiology and evolution, interpretation of transmission and pathogenesis, development of diagnostics, prevention by future vaccination, and treatment by developing new drugs.We report the complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of an isolate (B J01) of the coronavirus that has been recognized as a pathogen for SARS. The genome is 29725 nt in size and has 11 ORFs (Open Reading Frames). It is composed of a stable region encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (composed of 20RFs) and a variable region representing 4 CDSs (coding sequences) for viral structural genes (the S, E, M, N proteins) and 5 PUPs (putative uncharacterized proteins). Its gene order is identical to that of other known coronaviruses. The sequence alignment with all known RNA viruses places this virus as a member in the family of Coronaviridae. Thirty putative substitutions have been identified by comparative analysis of the 5 SARS-associated virus genome sequences in GenBank. Fifteen of them lead to possible amino acid changes (non-synonymous mutations) in the proteins. Three amino acid changes, with predicted alteration of physical and chemical features, have been detected in the S protein that is postulated to be involved in the immunoreactions between the virus and its host.Two amino acid changes have been detected in the M protein,which could be related to viral envelope formation. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the possibility of non-human origin of the SARS-associated viruses but provides no evidence that they are man-made. Further efforts should focus on identifying the etiology of the SARS-associated virus and ruling out conclusively the existence of other possible SARS-related pathogen(s).     

紫梅消银洗液作用于豚鼠的急毒实验研究

目的:验证紫梅消银洗液用于银屑病治疗的安全性.方法:将豚鼠随机分为完整空白对照组、破损空白对照组、低剂量紫梅消银洗液完整皮肤组、低剂量紫梅消银洗液破损皮肤组、高剂量紫梅消银洗液完整皮肤组、高剂量紫梅消银洗液破损皮肤组,每组10只,进行豚鼠的急毒实验.结果:空白对照组、高剂量与低剂量紫梅消银洗液完整与破损皮肤组的豚鼠皮肤毛发、眼和粘膜、呼吸、中枢神经系统、四肢活动及体重均无任何差异,先后观察14 d内无豚鼠死亡.结论:高、低浓度的紫梅消银洗液与空白对照组比较未出现任何急性毒性反应,且安全范围较大.