海水养殖沉积环境微生物总DNA的提取方法研究

传统的微生物分离与培养技术无法揭示微生物群落的动态变化.为了阐释虾池沉积环境微生态格局的原始组成情况,本研究先以TENP缓冲液去除沉积物中的腐殖酸,继之以溶菌酶-SDS温和裂解,其总DNA的提取效率达90%以上,所获DNA产量达2～20 μg/g沉积物(湿),片段大小均在23 kb左右,不经纯化即可直接进行PCR扩增和限制性酶切.以该DNA为模板进行PCR-DGGE分析,揭示了虾池沉积物丰富的微生物多样性.该方法是一种适用于虾池沉积物总DNA提取的简便、可靠方法.     

南方菟丝子18S rRNA基因片段的克隆与序列分析

根据拟南芥光敏色素B基因序列设计引物, RT-PCR扩增南方菟丝子同一基因相应片段, 扩增使用了TD PCR技术,同时获得3个特异基因片段,对长约300 bp的片段克隆后进行序列分析,显示该片段与沼泽菟丝子和拟南芥18S rRNA基因相应片段的一致性分别为98.9%和97%,结果表明,该片段为南方菟丝子18S rRNA基因片段.     

栽培黄芩生长过程中CHS和UBGAT表达及黄芩苷积累动态研究

分别采用荧光实时定量PCR和高效液相色谱法分析测定了4月到10月栽培黄芩生长过程中CHS(查尔酮合酶)及UBGAT(UDP-葡萄糖醛酸:黄芩素7-O-葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶)表达水平和黄芩苷含量的动态变化规律.结果表明CHS及UBGAT表达水平均在6月份和8月份达到高峰,而黄芩苷含量的最高峰出现在8月份.研究结果提示在黄芩栽培过程中,6月份和8月份是黄酮类合成和积累的关键时期,因此在这两个月加强田间管理对于提高黄芩药材的质量至关重要.     

重组质粒pPIC9K-pZP3α-hCGβ CTP109～145的构建

目的：为发展多特异性避孕疫苗,制备重组抗原pPIC9K－pZP3α－hCGβCTP^109-145,用基因工程技术构建重组质粒pPIC9K－pZP3α－hCGβCTP^109-145,方法：根据pZP3α全长和hCG 0633CTP109-145编码的DNA序列设计两对引物,通过部分重聚合酶链式反应（overlaping PCR）,扩增出pPIC9K－pZP3α－hCGβCTP^109-145片断,克隆到载体质粒pPIC9K中,然后导入大肠杆菌DH5α,用PCR和双酶切反应鉴定重组质粒,并用DNA测序仪对重组质粒测序,结果：3步PCR扩增出pPIC9K－pZP3α－hCGβCTP^109-145DNA片段,插入到载体质粒pPIC9K的克隆位点,获得重组pPIC9K－pZP3α－hCGβCTP^109-145表达质粒,测序结果显示插入序列与设计预期完全一致。结论：重组质粒pPIC9K－pZP3α－hCGβCTP^109-145构建成功,为表达重组抗原pPIC9K－pZP3α－hCGβCTP^109-145,探讨重组多特异性避孕疫苗抗生育效能的研究建立基础。     

Molecular mechanism of the inhibitory effect of methylation outside the recognition sequence of restriction endonuclease Pvu Π on its cleavage activity

In 1991, we found that methylation outside the PvuⅡ recognition sequence could partially inhibit its cleavage activity. To clarify the molecular mechanism, three plasmids with different methylation states were constructed. Then, together with the original one, four plasmids were digested with different amounts of PvuⅡ. Results show that methylation on both sites results in 90% inhibition; moving the methylated site one base further away decreases the inhibitory effect to about 30%; with the adjacent dam methylation site eliminated, the inhibitory effect disappears. The data suggest that the inhibition of cleavage activity caused by outside methylation is not "all or none", and the degree of inhibition is dependent on the position and the number of methylated bases.     

不同纬度野生大豆种群间的遗传变异

选用了经初步筛选的２０个短随机序列引物和２个长随机序列引物对５个不同纯度来源的野生大豆进行了ＤＮＡ随机扩增,其中有１９个引物扩增出多态性片段,区获得７０个ＲＡＰＤ多态性片段,平均每个引物３．６８条,运用自编的计算机程序对扩增进行聚类分析。     

生物制品中支原体污染的快速检测

用两步ＰＣＲ法及ＤＮＡ荧光染色技术,检测了国内部分生物制品研究所生产的８１份不同来源和批号的疫苗及一些实验用细胞株中的支原体,并对检测结果做了比较。     

盐藻3—磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因克隆

采用Ｌａｍｂｄａ置换型载体ＥＭＢＬ３构建了盐藻基因组文库，文库大小为１．８×１０４，插入片段大小为１０～２０ｋｂ，从盐藻基因组文库中获得３个３－磷酸甘油脱氢酶基因的阳性克隆，斑点杂交证实了原位杂交的真实性     

Ancient DNA: Methodological challenges

The study of ancient DNA offers the possibility of following genetic change over time. However, the field is plagued by a problem which is unique in molecular biology-the difficulty of verifying results by reproduction. Some of the reasons for this are technical and derive from the low copy number and damaged state of ancient DNA molecules. Other reasons are the unique nature of many of the objects from which DNA is extracted. We describe methodological approaches with which these problems can be alleviated in order to ensure that results are scientific in the sense that they can be reproduced by others.     

PCR用于孕牛外周血中胎儿SRY序列检测和奶牛早期胚胎性别鉴定

根据文献报道的人，鼠，兔ＳＲＹ同源序列设计引物，从牛基因组中扩增出一段牛特异的ＳＲＹ序列，对该序列进行克隆测序后设计出一对雄牛特异的ＰＣＲ引物，利用此引物对奶牛早期胚胎细胞和妊娠晚期母牛外周血ＤＮＡ样品进行ＰＣＲ扩增，经分娩牛犊性别验证，本引物能够准确鉴别孕牛外周血中雄性胎儿的ＳＲＹ序列，并且对早期胚胎性别签定的准确率为８０％．