Selective protection of cells against X-irradiation. Isoproterenol protects only those cells that possesβ-adrenoreceptors

Summary In mixed culture of Chinese hamster fibroblatst, clone 431, and transformed murine L fibroblasts, clone B-82, isoproterenol was found to protect only 431 cells against ionizing radiation. It was shown that 431 cells, in contrast to B-82 cells, possess-adrenoreceptors, and the radioprotective effect of isoproterenol can be realized only if this agent interacts with-adrenoreceptors coupled with the cAMP system. Since malignization often causes the disappearance of-adrenergic and other hormone receptors, the combined culturing and irradiation of the cells studied can be regarded as a model of the growth of malignant cells (B-82) among normal tissue cells (431 cells) under conditions of radiation therapy. A possibility of selective protection against radiation damage of normal tissue cells, with retention of the former radiosensitivity of tumor cells, is discussed.     

Bicuculline and picrotoxin block γ-aminobutryic acid-gated Cl− conductance by different mechanisms

Summary Using isolated, internally perfused bullfrog dorsal root ganglion cells we have studied the dose-response curves for -aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of internally or externally applied GABA antagonists. With external application of antagonists the inhibition of the GABA current by bicuculline was competitive and that by picrotoxin was noncompetitive. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline blocked when internally perfused.To whom reprint requests should be addressed.Acknowledgments. We thank Drs S. Minakami and S. Yasui for helpful discussions and comments.     

Eicosapentaenoic acid in tissue lipids ofPieris brassicae

Summary Larvae of the cabbage white butterfly,Pieris brassicae, have a dietary requirement for linolenic acid (C183n3) and were found to accumulate two other members of the n-3 family, C203n3 and C205n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) especially in testicular phospholipids. Arachidonic acid was observed in trace amounts only. During diapause the relative titer of eicosapentaenoic acid increased in testicular phospholipids to about 4.2% of the fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid is a possible precursor of prostaglandins, suggesting that prostaglandins of the 3-series predominate in this insect.     

Structure of the human CLC-7/Ostm1 complex reveals a novel state

CLC-7 functions as a Cl?/H+ exchanger in lysosomes. Defects in CLC-7 and its β-subunit, Ostm1, result in osteopetrosis and neurodegeneration. Here, we present the cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human CLC-7/Ostm1 complex (HsCLC-7/Ostm1) at a resolution of 3.6 ?. Our structure reveals a new state of the CLC-7/Ostm1 heterotetramer, in which the cytoplasmic domain of CLC-7 is absent, likely due to high flexibility. The disordered cytoplasmic domain is probably not able to restrain CLC-7 subunits and thus allow their relative movements. The movements result in an approximately half smaller interface between the CLC-7 transmembrane domains than that in a previously reported CLC-7/Ostm1 structure with a well-folded cytoplasmic domain. Key interactions involving multiple osteopetrosis-related residues are affected by the interface change.     

重组大肠杆菌利用醋酸及乳酸为碳源合成PHB

以廉价的工业副产物醋酸及乳酸为碳源,对产PHB重组大肠杆菌进行培养,考察醋酸及乳酸的添加对重组大肠杆菌生长及PHB产量的影响。将来自Cupriavidusnecator的PHB合成操纵子phaCAB基因簇克隆至pBAD载体,得到产PHB菌株BL21＿pBAD＿phaCAB,以阿拉伯糖为诱导剂,在大肠杆菌中进行重组表达。分别使用LB及M9培养基,对重组菌株BL21＿pBAD＿phaCAB进行培养,研究其生长速度及PHB产量,探索产PHB重组大肠杆菌最适培养基。以添加0.04 g/L乳酸、1.2 g/L乳酸、0.02 g/L醋酸、0.6 g/L醋酸、0.04 g/L乳酸+0.02g/L醋酸、1.2g/L乳酸+0.4g/L醋酸的M9培养基(均含2 g/L葡萄糖)为实验组,以M9培养基(含2g/L葡萄糖)为对照组,考察醋酸及乳酸的添加对重组大肠杆菌生长及PHB产量的影响。分别取第6,12,24和36小时的培养液,分析其葡萄糖、醋酸及乳酸含量的变化。结果表明,低氮型M9培养基更适合产PHB重组大肠杆菌在低糖培养环境中生长。在葡萄糖消耗殆尽后,大肠杆菌能够以醋酸及乳酸为碳源进行代谢,因此在培养基中...     

NTA强化Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS体系降解橙黄G的效能与机制

针对二价铁/过一硫酸盐(Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS)体系存在近中性pH条件下氧化效能低的问题,采用氨基三乙酸(NTA)强化Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS体系降解橙黄G(OG),研究NTA/Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS体系中OG降解的效能和机制,考察NTA,Fe(Ⅱ),PMS等反应物浓度和溶液pH值对OG降解效能的影响.实验结果表明：当pH=6.5时,NTA可显著强化Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS体系的氧化效能,OG的去除率从11.7%提高到92.5%,NTA的加入提高了溶液中有效活化剂的浓度,促进PMS分解生成活性物质;NTA/Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS体系中主导的活性物质为Fe(Ⅳ)和SO^-₄·,二者对体系氧化效能的贡献分别为72.0%和28.0%;增加NTA,Fe(Ⅱ)和PMS的浓度有助于OG的降解,但当三者浓度分别超过1.5,1.5,2.0 mmol·L^-1时,出现抑制现象;引入NTA既提高了Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS体系在近中性pH条件下的氧化能力,又拓宽了该体系的pH应用范围.     

酸法地浸采铀矿山地下水修复技术应用与探讨

随着地浸采铀矿山的退役,特别是应现代绿色矿山建设的要求,地下水修复越来越被重视,如何制定酸法地浸采铀矿山地下水修复法规,采用哪种修复技术才能获得更好的效果,这些问题一直困扰着环境保护部门和项目执行者。本研究针对酸法浸出矿山特点,提出了地下水修复法规的制定原则,并实践了地下水修复综合技术、自然净化、迁移净化、冲洗、弱酸浸出等方法,并在应用中获得较好的效果。在总结地浸采铀矿山地下水修复现场试验和退役矿山实际应用的基础上,充分分析影响地下水修复的矿床自然条件、地下水质量和用途、修复技术、修复费用和时间等因素,给出了推荐的酸法地浸采铀矿山地下水修复策略。     

西昌人工与自动酸雨观测记录差异规律研究

利用西昌国家基本气象站2021年人工和自动的酸雨观测数据,对TCYII 1型酸雨自动观测系统和人工系统的降水采样偏差及完整性、测量数据的准确性和一致性、设备硬件及软件通讯的故障率进行了对比分析。结果表明：正常情况下,2套系统数据的完整性、准确性、一致性较好。酸雨自动观测系统在采样方式及样品保存方面具备一定优势,能够保证观测数据更接近于自然雨水的数值,更贴近真实情况。自动观测系统面临单轨运行,它的手动操作设置、部分配件需厂家优化改进。上级主管部门对自动系统测量阈值的设定、采样中出现的漏采、空采、多采等特殊情况,仍需进一步明确处理办法。     

外源有机酸协同生物炭对土壤微量元素的影响

为未来改善生物炭和有机酸共存的土壤营养状况提供参考依据,有必要探究生物炭和有机酸共存对土壤中微量元素的影响。以玉米秸秆为原材料制备生物炭,采集不同深度的黄棕壤,选择柠檬酸和苹果酸这2种酸进行试验,除对照外共设置8个不同处理方式,分别是不施加或施加生物炭的表土加柠檬酸处理、不施加或施加生物炭的表土加苹果酸处理、不施加或施加生物炭的底土加柠檬酸处理和不施加或施加生物炭的底土加苹果酸处理。结果表明：（1）与对照组相比,施加2种有机酸增加了土壤中的铁和锰的溶出,且柠檬酸处理的土壤溶液中的铁和锰含量高于苹果酸处理;（2）由于底土和表土存在理化性质的差异,影响了铁和锰的溶出量,底土溶液锰的溶出量高达0.34 mmol/L,而表土溶液铁的溶出量高达0.7 mmol/L;3）2%的生物炭没有完全阻碍两种有机酸对微量元素的溶出。结论 有机酸可以活化土壤中的铁和锰,其活化效果与有机酸种类、浓度、金属、土壤酸碱度有关,且生物炭的施加对阻碍有机酸活化土壤中微量元素的能力有限。     

Metabolism of 3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in hamsters

Summary Metabolism of 26-hydroxycholesterol to 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid and other C24-bile acids has been expected to occur by way of 3-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in studies in vitro. 3-Hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid was infused intravenously into bile fistula hamsters and the following C24-bile acids were identified: 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid, lithocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and a small amount of cholic acid.