4—甲基—6—羟基—2—吡啶酮衍生物的互变异构研究

合成和精制了五个４－甲基－６－羟基－２－吡啶酮衍生物，用核磁共振波谱和 红外光谱研究了它们在氘代二甲基亚砜溶液中的烯醇式、双酮式互变异构平 衡。热力学参数的计算表明，从烯醇式到双酮式构型的转变是一个吸热过程。 当氮原子上带有体积较大的取代基时，在相同的条件下，化合物更容易以双 酮式构型存在。     

Zn2SnO4复合氧化物气敏特性研究

采用烧结法合成Zn_2SnO_4复合氧化物,具有反尖晶石结构的弱N型半导体材料,其气敏性能引人注目,尤其是对乙醇具有较高的灵敏度和选择性.当掺入少量氧化物杂质,可以看到灵敏度和最佳工作温度都有所改善,其中以稀土氧化物效果为最佳.     

小幅振动旋成体跨音速绕流的数值分析

假设绕小幅振动旋成体所导致的物理量的变化为平均定常扰动量的高阶小量,那么将物理量(速度、密度及压力)摄动展开后代入Euler方程,便导出了前两阶摄动量的控制方程和相应的边界条件,用TVD格式进行数值求解,得到了平均定常跨音速流(零阶)和基频(一阶)非定常分量的数值解。     

高速试验列车动车光纤总线网的研究

报告了一种用于高速试验列车动车内连接主控节点与各受控设备的光纤总线网．该总线网作为高速列车通信网的重要组成部分,以光纤作为媒质,结构简单,并具有高可靠性和高实时性．对其网络结构、关键技术及硬件结构和软件设计进行了详细的讨论,并给出了电磁兼容性试验结果     

PKCα反义RNA对乳腺癌细胞增殖及cyclinD1和CDK4表达的影响

ＰＫＣ,ｃｙｃｌｉｎ和ＣＤＫ基因直接参于调控细胞的增殖与分化,因此它们在细胞癌变中的作用已成为重要的研究课题。利用反义ＲＮＡ技术抑制ＰＫＣａ基因的表达,然后观察分析了乳腺癌细胞增殖的变化以及对ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１和ＣＤＫ４基因表达的影响。     

Dexamethasone enhances CTLA-4 expression during T cell activation

T cell activation is enhanced by the costimulatory interaction of B7 on antigen-presenting cells and CD28 on T cells, resulting in long-term T cell proliferation, differentiation and production of large amounts of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2. CTLA-4 is a co-stimulation receptor that shares 31% homology with CD28 and binds B7 family members with higher affinity. CTLA-4 is transiently expressed intracellularly and on the cell surface following activation of T cells. We have studied the kinetics of CTLA-4 expression and the effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression during T cell activation in cultures of mouse spleen cells stimulated by a mixture of immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD3/CD28 mAb) or concanavalin A (ConA). CTLA-4 expression peaked on day 2 and returned to background levels after 7 days. Dexamethasone was found to potentiate CTLA-4 expression in a dose-dependent manner with an EC₅₀ effective concentration 50%) of about 10⁻⁸ M. In contrast, other immunosuppressive agents, such as rapamycin or cyclosporin A had no or an inhibitory effect on CTLA-4 expression, respectively. Dexamethasone also stimulated CD28 expression, but inhibited IL-2R expression during anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-induced mouse splenic T cell activation. Western blot analyses of lysates of activated mouse T cells showed that dexamethasone increased CTLA-4 protein levels twofold during anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-induced activation. Dexamethasone also enhanced CTLA-4 messenger RNA twofold as quantified by ribonuclease protection assay. The effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression were glucocorticoid-specific and completely inhibited by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone (RU486), indicating that the effect of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression is mediated through the glucocorticoid receptor. In conclusion, the immunosuppressive agent dexamethasone actually stimulates CTLA-4 expression, which is involved in downregulation of T cell activation. Received 19 May 1999; received after revision 13 July 1999; accepted 13 July 1999     

重组表达载体pGEM-VLA4的构建

从人外周血细胞中提取mRNA,用RT-PCR法扩增含BamH与HindⅢ酶切位点VLA4基因序列,运用分子生物学方法将该序列克隆到pGEM中,构建成VLA4基因序列的真核表达载体并进行鉴定分析.对重组载体用双酶切系统酶切后进行电泳并测序,结果证明目的基因克隆及连接方向正确,测序结果正确.通过实验,成功地构建了含VLA4基因的真核表达载体pGEM-VLA4.     

集合上一些运算律的反例（I）

给出非交换无零因子非除环的例子，讨论n元结合律成立而n-1元结合律 不成立的例子。     

SO_4~(2-)/SiO_2-ZrO_2固体超强酸催化乳酸乙酯的合成研究

目的研究自制固体超强酸对乳酸乙酯的合成反应的催化效果,寻求乳酸乙酯的最佳合成条件。方法采用溶胶凝胶法制得SiO2-ZrO2基质材料,然后将其通过浸渍法制备了SO42-/SiO2-ZrO2固体超强酸,对SO42-/SiO2-ZrO2固体超强酸催化乳酸乙酯的合成反应进行了研究。结果SO42-/SiO2-ZrO2固体超强酸催化乳酸乙酯的合成反应适宜的反应条件为:预焙烧温度为200℃,浸泡硫酸浓度为1.0 mol/L,硅锆摩尔比为15,焙烧温度为500℃,醇酸比为3时,酯化率可达92.7%。XRD对固体超强酸的分析结果表明,其中SiO2是三斜晶型,ZrO2是四方晶型。结论自制的SO42-/SiO2-ZrO2固体超强酸的对乳酸乙酯的合成反应具有良好的催化效果,适宜推广应用。     

我国建材工业技术进步测定及预测方法研究

运用相关分析、主成分分析和多元回归分析方法建立相应的数学模型，对我国建材工业技术进步水平进行了定量测度与预测，并通过模型的实际应用，证明了方法的可行性和应用价值。