中间相沥青基介孔炭的表征及其用作锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能

以中间相沥青为碳源、CaCO_3为模板,制备中间相沥青基介孔炭(MPMC)。采用XRD、SEM、TEM等手段表征所制介孔炭的结构和形貌,并将其用作锂离子电池的负极材料,测试电化学性能。结果表明,所制MPMC具有丰富的介孔结构和较大的比表面积及孔体积,随着CaCO_3质量分数的增加,MPMC的比表面积和孔体积先增加后减小,当CaCO_3的质量分数为70%时,所制MPMC的比表面积和孔体积最大;MPMC用作锂离子电池负极材料具有良好的电化学性能,能有效提高锂离子电池的可逆比容量,具有良好的循环稳定性和倍率性能。     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al<Subscript>3</Subscript>Ti/ADC12 composite modified with Sr

In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of Sr (0wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, and 0.3wt%) on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy diffraction spectroscopy. The results reveal that the α-Al phases were nearly spherical and 40 μm in size and that the eutectic Si phases became round in the composite when the Sr content reached 0.2wt%. The Al₃Ti particles were distributed uniformly at the grain boundary. The results of the corrosion examination reveal that the Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite exhibited a minimum corrosion rate of 0.081 g·m–2·h–1 for an Sr content of 0.2wt%, which is two thirds of that of unmodified composite (0.134 g·m–2·h–1). This improved corrosion resistance was due to galvanic corrosion, which resulted from the low area ratio of the cathode to anode regions. This caused a low-density corrosion current in the composite, thereby yielding optimum corrosion resistance.     

Electrochemical behavior of gold and its associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions

Electrochemical measurements were conducted to study the electrochemical behavior of gold (Au) and its commonly associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions. The results indicated that without addition of any stabilizer, selective dissolution of Au from stibnite and pyrite was only possible at relatively low thiourea concentrations. As Na₂SiO₃ was added, pyrite started to become active and an oxidation peak appeared; the oxidation peaks of arsenopyrite and chalcocite appeared earlier than that of Au. The chalcocite peak shifted in the positive direction and the peak current increased. Stibnite did not show an oxidation peak and its current was nearly zero. Adding Na₂SiO₃ favored the selective dissolution of Au when its minerals were associated with chalcocite and stibnite. At pH 12, the Au anode dissolution peak current increased with stabilizer concentration. At 0.38 and 0.42 V and for Na₂SiO₃ concentration below 0.09 M, the current density continuously increased with Na₂SiO₃ concentration. The Na₂SiO₃ concentration had to be adequate to stabilize thiourea. When the potential was higher than 0.42 V, the surface of the Au electrode started to passivate. With an additional increase in potential, the presence of Na₂SiO₃ could not stop the inevitable decomposition of thiourea.     

降雨对花岗岩残积土边坡孔压及稳定性影响

针对一个花岗岩残积土边坡的简化模型,基于非饱和渗流理论和Bishop条分法,利用Geo-Studio软件,对4种不同降雨模式下的边坡孔隙水压力和稳定安全系数进行计算与分析,得到主要结论:(1)降雨入渗对花岗岩残积土边坡的中上部有较显著的不利影响;(2)不同降雨模式对花岗岩残积土边坡的影响时效差异较大,前峰型和均布型、中峰型、后峰型降雨的最不利影响时刻分别在降雨后1.0~1.5d、1.5~2.0d、2.5~3.5d;(3)降雨入渗引起的花岗岩残积土边坡失稳形式,极可能是从坡体中部诱发的浅层滑坡。     

一维螺旋链状配位聚合物[Zn(pam)(bpa)]n的水热合成及晶体结构

通过水热反应,合成了标题化合物[Zn(pam)(bpa)]_n(1),(pam=4,4'-亚甲基二(3-羟基-2-萘甲酸), bpa=2,2'-二吡啶胺),对该化合物通过X-射线单晶衍射、红外和荧光光谱进行了结构表征。X-射线单晶衍射表明,目标化合物中的锌(II)离子分别与来自两个不同4,4'-亚甲基二(3-羟基-2-萘甲酸)中的羧基氧和同一个2,2'-二吡啶胺中的两个氮原子配位形成四配位的扭曲四面体结构。该配合物通过锌(II)离子的连接形成有趣的一维螺旋长链,链与链之间通过氢键作用形成二维片状结构。     

微量镍元素添加对铁基非晶/纳米晶磁芯软磁性能的影响

用单辊法制备的宽20 mm,厚25μm的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9和Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材,绕制成外径为40 mm,内径为25 mm的环型磁芯,然后将磁芯在不同的温度下进行退火处理,研究了微量Ni元素添加对合金带材的晶化行为以及对横向磁场退火后的非晶/纳米晶磁芯的软磁性能的影响。结果表明:与Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9合金带材相比,添加微量Ni元素的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材的一级起始晶化温度Tx1和一级晶化峰温度Tp1降低,其二级起始晶化温度Tx2和二级晶化峰温度Tp2升高,两级起始晶化温度之间的差值ΔTx增大;与横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9非晶/纳米晶磁芯相比,横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8非晶/纳米晶磁芯的起始磁导率μi和饱和磁感应强度Bs减小,矫顽力Hc增大;当测试频率f和最大磁感应强度Bm不变时,有效幅值磁导率μa增大,比总损耗Ps和矫顽力Hc减小;当测试频率f不变时,电感Ls和品质因数Q增大;当励磁电流I不变时,感应电动势E大。     

农业水土工程专业研究生课程体系改革研究

农业水土工程作为一门研究水-土-作物之间关系的学科,和人类生活及社会发展息息相关,在农业工程研究中具有非常重要的地位.研究生的培养对于该专业持续发展至关重要,因而对农业水土工程专业研究生课程体系进行改革的探讨和研究具有十分重要的现实意义.从农业水土工程课程体系的现状入手,从学校、老师和学生三个角度对课程体系改革进行探讨研究.研究表明:学校和老师角度可以从教材选择、培养方案设置、教学内容、教学方式和日常管理模式等方面充分调动学生学习的积极性,培养学生的研究意识和创新能力,引导学生积极主动参与学术讲座,关注学科前沿知识.     

江津地区精细化气温预报模型研究

利用T639和欧洲中心细网格的气温数值模式预报产品及相应时段内研究区各镇街站点的实况气温建立动态预报方程,对江津地区各镇街24~72h日最高气温、日最低气温进行预报,为方便该模型投入业务运行使用,编制了基于数值预报模式产品的精细化气温预报软件,并在实际业务运行中取得了初步效果.对软件的初期试运行发现,软件预报较主观预报在业务评分方面有较明显的提升,对预报员主观预报有一定的指导意义.     

基于灰色聚类的本科生生源质量评价研究

选取合肥工业大学2018年新生录取数据,确立生源结构、录取成绩以及录取志愿3部分为生源质量评价体系的关键指标.提出了基于灰色聚类的本科生生源质量评价模型,设计并实现了基于白化权函数和不同聚类指标权重的灰色聚类的计算算法,总结归纳了影响高校生源质量的相关因素.研究表明:高校生源质量及招生模式改革面对高考招生制度改革和"双一流"建设目标带来的新挑战和新机遇,合肥工业大学加强学校内涵建设和特色发展,创建一流本科教育,提高人才培养质量是关键.     

2507双相不锈钢在SO2污染模拟海水中的腐蚀行为

采用开路电位、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、Mott-Schottky曲线和浸泡腐蚀实验研究了2507双相不锈钢在含不同浓度(0,0.001和0.01 mol·L-1)NaHSO3模拟海水中的腐蚀行为.研究表明:开路电位随NaHSO3浓度的增加而负移,腐蚀倾向增大;电荷转移电阻Rt随浓度的增加而减小,耐蚀性降低;2507不锈钢的腐蚀形态为局部腐蚀,点蚀程度随浓度升高有所加剧,腐蚀速率随浓度的增加而增大;Mott-Schottky曲线和成膜后电化学阻抗谱测试表明,NaHSO3的加入增加了2507不锈钢表面钝化膜的点缺陷浓度,降低了钝化膜的稳定性,电荷转移阻力减小,腐蚀更容易发生.这可能归因于NaHSO3的加入增加了模拟海水的酸度,并随NaHSO3浓度的增加促进了不锈钢表面钝化膜的破坏.