退火工艺对轧制AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

对AZ31镁合金轧制板材在不同温度和时间进行了退火,研究了在退火过程中组织和性能的变化规律.实验结果表明,300℃轧制后的AZ31镁合金薄板材的组织中存在大量的孪晶.退火后,孪晶逐渐消失,形成等轴的再结晶晶粒.晶粒尺寸随退火温度的升高而变大,随退火时间的延长先细化后长大.同时,退火后板材的抗拉强度略有下降,但伸长率有明显提高,在200℃退火120 min后,伸长率可达到28%.     

CeO_2纳米线阵列的制备

以阳极氧化铝膜(AAO)为模板通过溶胶-凝胶法合成了CeO2 纳米线阵列,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对CeO2 纳米线进行了表征.     

多层喷射沉积制备耐热铝合金管坯热流分析(Ⅱ) --沉积过程热流分析

通过建立沉积阶段热流分析模型，对多层喷射沉积制备耐热铝合金管坯过程中喷射流沉积后的凝固和冷却进行了分析．喷射流沉积后与基体／沉积坯的传导热交换占热输出率的90％以上，在沉积过程中，沉积面的温度变化呈周期性的升降．计算结果表明，多层喷射沉积采用移动坩埚式扫描方式，延长了喷射流沉积时间间隔，喷射流沉积后可以获得10^3K／s以上的冷却速度。     

冷却方式对Mg-3Nd合金显微组织和物相构成的影响

制备了急冷和铸造的Mg-3mass%Nd合金,采用显微组织分析、X-射线物相分析、电子探针微区成分分析、硬度和强度等检测分析,研究了合金的显微组织、物相构成和力学性能.探讨了压缩变形对铸态合金组织和性能的影响.结果表明,急冷可以大幅度减小晶粒尺度及改变合金的物相构成.急冷合金的物相构成为过饱和α-Mg固溶体相;铸态样品的物相构成为α-Mg固溶体和Mg41Nd5.实验还表明,铸态样品压缩变形后产生大量的形变孪晶,提高了合金的强度.     

铝合金直接氧化形成SiC/Al_2O_3/Al复合材料的微观结构

采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜及金相显微镜对铝合金直接氧化渗入SiC预制体形成的SiC/Al2 O3/Al复合材料进行了分析 ,发现该材料由α Al2 O3、SiC、Al4 O4 C、Al和Si五相组成 .α Al2 O3为骨架相 ,三维连通 ,其晶界纯净 ,Al、Si以包裹相形式出现在α Al2 O3晶粒中 ;SiC相也是主要相 ,呈孤岛状 ;Al4 O4 C相的出现 ,说明在该材料的生长过程中 ,SiC颗粒与Al和O2 发生了反应 .     

微量镍元素添加对铁基非晶/纳米晶磁芯软磁性能的影响

用单辊法制备的宽20 mm,厚25μm的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9和Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材,绕制成外径为40 mm,内径为25 mm的环型磁芯,然后将磁芯在不同的温度下进行退火处理,研究了微量Ni元素添加对合金带材的晶化行为以及对横向磁场退火后的非晶/纳米晶磁芯的软磁性能的影响。结果表明:与Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9合金带材相比,添加微量Ni元素的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材的一级起始晶化温度Tx1和一级晶化峰温度Tp1降低,其二级起始晶化温度Tx2和二级晶化峰温度Tp2升高,两级起始晶化温度之间的差值ΔTx增大;与横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9非晶/纳米晶磁芯相比,横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8非晶/纳米晶磁芯的起始磁导率μi和饱和磁感应强度Bs减小,矫顽力Hc增大;当测试频率f和最大磁感应强度Bm不变时,有效幅值磁导率μa增大,比总损耗Ps和矫顽力Hc减小;当测试频率f不变时,电感Ls和品质因数Q增大;当励磁电流I不变时,感应电动势E大。     

石墨烯复合材料在警车防弹防护方面的研究

研究警车高性能防弹防护材料应用技术,尝试采用石墨烯改性的方式对陶瓷及铝合金的强度、韧性性能进行了改性提升,利用石墨烯改性材料制备了复合防弹板,并进行了实弹射击试验,研究了防弹警车应用可行性.试验结果表明,石墨烯改性可以有效提高陶瓷的断裂韧度,以及铝合金的强度及弹性模量.经53式7.62 mm穿甲弹三次射击,靶板无穿透,用石墨烯改性陶瓷制备的防弹装甲板,可有效降低材料密度,大幅度提高防弹性能,对车辆防弹性能及轻量化技术研究具有一定的参考价值.     

Improved dehydriding property of polyvinylpyrrolidone coated Mg-Ni hydrogen storage nano-composite prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis and wet mechanical milling

In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) coated Mg_(95)Ni_5 nano-composites were prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis(HCS) plus wet mechanical milling(WM) with tetrahydrofuran(THF) and donated as WM-x wt% PVP(x = 1, 3, 5 and 7) respectively. The phase compositions, microstructures and dehydriding property, as well as the co-effect of PVP and THF were investigated in detail. XRD results showed that the average crystal size of MgH_2 in the milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 decreased from 23 nm without PVP to 18 nm with 1 wt% PVP. The peak temperature of dehydrogenation of MgH_2 in the milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 decreased from 293.0 ℃ without THF to 250.4 ℃ with THF. The apparent activation energy for decomposition of MgH_2 in WM-7 wt% PVP was estimated to be 66.94 kJ/mol, which is 37.70 kJ/mol lower than that of milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 without THF and PVP. PVP and THF can facilitate the refinement of particle size during mechanical milling process. Attributed to small particle sizes and synergistic effect of PVP and THF, the composites exhibit markedly improved dehydriding properties.     

Study on the hydrogen storage property of (TiZr0.1)xCr1.7-yFeyMn0.3 (1.05

Jigang Li  Li Xu  Xiaojing Jiang  Xingguo Li 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2018,28(4):470-477

Effect of cold rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength β titanium alloy thin sheets

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.