"9·11"事件对于世界与中国经济的影响

美国的经济在持续了10年的增长后开始下滑,"9·11"事件使美国经济由软着陆变为硬着陆,加剧了经济的衰退,殃及全球.受低迷的世界经济形势以及加入WTO影响,中国国际收支将从顺差走向逆差,有赖外资流入弥补.中国必须加速调整策略,加强经济安全,从多方面启动内需以促进增长.     

Pheromone components of the female elephant hawk-moth,Deilephila elpenor,and the silver-striped hawk-moth,Hippotion celerio

By means of gas chromatographic and mass spectroscopic methods, and combined GC-electroantennogram and electrosensillogram techniques, (E)-11-hexadecenal and (10E, 12E)-10,12-hexadecadienal [(E,E)-bombykal is also the main constituent of the pheromone of the silver-striped hawk-mothHippotion celerio. The biological activity of the substances was demonstrated with electroantennogram and single cell recording, and the physiological efficacy of the different hexadecadienal isomers compared.Pheromones, 79; as Pheromones, 78 is taken: Wu, Cai-Hong, and Bestmann, H. J., Chinese Science Bulletin34 (1989) 1475; pheromones, 77: Attygalle, A. B., Steghaus0Kovac, S., Ahmed, V. U., Maschwitz, U., Vostrowsky, Ol, and Bestmann, H. J., Naturwissen-schaften78 (1991) 90.     

Human and rodent type 1 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are 7β-hydroxycholesterol dehydrogenases involved in oxysterol metabolism

Interconversion between cortisone and the glucocorticoid receptor ligand cortisol is carried out by 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-HSD)isozymes and constitutes a medically important example of pre-receptor control of steroid hormones. The enzyme 11-HSD type 1 (11-HSD1) catalyzes the conversion of cortisone to its active receptor-binding derivative cortisol, whereas 11-HSD type 2 performs the reverse reaction. Specific inhibitors against the type 1 enzyme lower intracellular levels of glucocorticoid hormone, with an important clinical application in insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders. We report here on the in vitro oxysterol-metabolizing properties of human and rodent 11-HSD1. The enzyme, either as full-length, membrane-attached, or as a transmembrane domain-deleted, soluble form, mediates exclusively conversion between 7-ketocholesterol and 7-hydroxycholesterol with similar k_cat values as observed with glucocorticoid hormones. Thus, human, rat, and mouse 11-HSD1 have dual enzyme activities like the recently described 7-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from hamster liver, but differ fundamentally from the latter in that 7-OH rather than 7-OH dehydrogenase constitutes the second activity. These results demonstrate an enzymatic origin of species differences in 7-oxysterol metabolism, establish the origin of endogenous 7-OH cholesterol in humans, and point to a possible involvement of 11-HSD1 in atherosclerosis.Received 30 December 2003; received after revision 16 February 2004; accepted 16 February 2004     

星际HⅡ/H_2O脉泽的一种激发机制

本文对于星际HⅡ/H_2O脉泽提出一种重要的激发机制——通过紫外辐射吸收的水的选择性预离解机制,并用它解释了HⅡ/H_2O脉泽能级布居反转的原因,预言了一系列水脉泽跃迁的存在,证明了它与各种天文条件的自洽.     

p53对STK11的转录调控研究

PJ综合征(Peutz-Jeghers syndrome)是一种常染色体显性遗传疾病.其致病基因所编码的蛋白质为一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(STK11).STK11可以激活AMPK,p53等多条信号通路.文中在克隆了STK11的基本启动子区域基础上,用生物信息学分析预测该区域内可能存在p53结合位点和Sp1结合位点.EMSA结果证实了信息学分析的预测.Sp1结合位点核心碱基定点突变后,其PGL3重组突变体质粒萤光素酶活性下降1.9倍;p53结合位点核心碱基的定点突变后,PGL3重组突变体质粒萤光素酶活性下降14.6倍,均有统计学意义.利用内源表达STK11的L02细胞株,瞬时转染pcDNA3.1-myc-his-B(-)-p53,经Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测发现,p53过表达可以上调STK11的表达,因此p53对STK11的表达有正反馈调节放大作用.     

拟南芥CARK11参与ABA介导的生理功能研究

为了探究CARK11在ABA介导的生理进程中的具体作用,本研究以拟南芥哥伦比亚生态型(WT)、CARK11功能缺失突变体cark11和回补激酶丧失CARK11^N203A(com-CARK11m)以及过表达转基因株系(OE-CARK11)为研究对象,探究CARK11在种子萌发、幼苗形态构建、主根生长与干旱响应中发挥的作用.结果显示：相比WT,ABA促进了cark11和com-CARK11m的种子萌发、子叶变绿和主根伸长,而OE-CARK11被抑制. qRT-PCR检测RAB18和RD29a的表达量,发现过表达CARK11促进RAB18和RD29a表达;ABA处理后,这种促进作用更强.干旱实验发现,OE-CARK11耐旱性增加,而cark11和com-CARK11m耐旱性弱于WT.这些结果表明：CARK11作为ABA信号通路的正调控因子抑制拟南芥的种子萌发、子叶变绿和主根生长;同时在干旱胁迫中具有积极作用;另外CARK11在ABA信号途径中的功能依赖激酶活性.     

一种新型5 GHz频段4个单元MIMO天线系统的设计

设计了一种新型4个单元的MIMO天线,服从802．11ac无线局域网（ WLAN）的通信标准,即5G WiFi。天线工作在5GHz频带。天线由4个微带贴片天线组成,每个贴片单元下嵌入了一个圆柱体形状的空腔,整个系统的尺寸为100＆#215;50＆#215;0．8mm3。从仿真结果来看,所设计天线最小带宽达到260MHz,天线单元间的隔离度最小为31．8dB,最大增益为1．42dB。天线用于工作在5GHz频段的手持和其他小型无线通信设备中。     

HPLC测定四方藤中3种岩白菜素类化合物的含量

建立了使用高效液相色谱测定四方藤中岩白菜素、11-O-没食子酰岩白菜素、11-O-对羟基苯甲酰岩白菜素含量的方法。色谱柱为SinoChrom ODS-BP C18(5μm,4.6mm×200mm),流动相为乙腈和0.1%的甲酸水溶液,流速为0.8mL/min,检测波长为275nm。结果表明岩白菜素、11-O-没食子酰岩白菜素和11-O-对羟基苯甲酰岩白菜素都在0.066 7~0.343 7μg内呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为96.11%(RSD=1.92%),97.02%(RSD=0.9%),94.43%(RSD=1.77%)。本方法操作简便,精密度高,重现性好,可作为四方藤中这3种岩白菜素类化合物含量的检测方法。     

二硫键影响GH11木聚糖酶稳定性研究进展

低聚木糖具有改善肠道微生态的益生作用,在降血糖、降血压、防止便秘等方面表现出良好的保健效果。近年来,利用生物酶技术制备功能性低聚木糖的相关研究受到广泛关注。糖苷水解酶(glycoside hydrolase, GH)11家族木聚糖酶具有底物特异性强和催化效率高的特点,在低聚木糖生产应用中表现出显著优势；然而,大多数天然GH11木聚糖酶存在稳定性较差的问题,无法满足工业生产中高温、酸、碱等极端条件的要求。利用酶工程技术对天然木聚糖酶进行分子改造,以适应高温、酸、碱等生产条件,使底物特异性强、催化效率高的酶相对稳定地发挥作用,对于制备功能性低聚木糖的工业生产具有重要的实际意义。根据GH11木聚糖酶的分子结构及其特点,通过比较其分子内相互作用力对酶热稳定性的影响,发现二硫键在改善酶的稳定性方面具有十分显著的优势。基于对GH11木聚糖酶结构的分析,总结了引入二硫键的常规策略,比较了酶在不同区域引入不同数量二硫键对GH11木聚糖酶稳定性的改善效果,对引入二硫键后酶稳定性显著变化的几个区域进行定位,并指出多个二硫键对改善酶稳定性的作用方式,希望为提高酶稳定性的酶分子改造研究提供基础数据,为拓宽GH11木聚糖酶工业应用范围提供科学参考。