The bisphosphonates HEBP and AHPrBP but not AHBP inhibit mineral mobilization and lysosomal enzyme release from mouse calvarial bones in tissue culture

Summary Mice injected with DSP-4 [N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine], a selective noradrenergic neurotoxin, had marked depletions of central noradrenaline and an attenuated post-decapitation reflex. DSP-4-treated mice exhibited an increased sensitivity to the ₂-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine as measured by inhibition of the pinna reflex, but normal sensitivity as measured by hypothermia. This differential sensitivity may reflect the presence of supersensitive postsynaptic ₂-adrenoceptors in some, but not all, CNS regions after DSP-4 treatment.Acknowledgments. The authors gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of Mr P. E. Richards. DSP-4 hydrochloride and clonidine hydrochloride were synthesized by Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division.     

A2 adenosine receptors in human glomerular mesangial cells

A₂ adenosine receptors were characterized in human glomerular mesangial cells using [³H] 5-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) as a tracer. There was a single group of receptor sites with a K_D of 184 nM, and a number of sites of 317 fmol/mg of cell protein. Adenosine agonists increased 5-nucleotidase activity via A₂ receptor stimulation. The specific A₂ agonist-NECA, at 0.1 and 1 m, was a potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis.     

Thyroid function parameters during a selenium repletion/depletion study in phenylketonuric subjects

Phenylketonuric (PKU) subjects have a limited supply of selenium (Se) in their phenylalanine-restricted diet. A Se repletion (1 g Se/kg/day)/depletion study was conducted in PKU children to determine the effect of Se on thyroid function parameters.The initial plasma Se concentration (mean±SD: 0.26±0.12 mol/L, p<0.00003, n=10) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (140±58 U/L, p<0.00003, n=10) were significantly lower compared to agematched controls. After 14 weeks of supplementation, the plasma Se concentration (mean ±SD: 0.74±0.20 mol/L) normalized (normal range: 0.57–1.15 mol/L, mean ±SD: 0.76±0.13 mol/L, n=32) and remained stable thereafter during repletion. Plasma GSH-Px activity reached normal values after 18 weeks of supplementation (312±57 U/L; normal range: 238–492 U/L, mean ±SD: 345±54 U/L, n=32) and increased significantly for up to eight weeks thereafter (332±52 U/L). Individual and mean thyroid parameters were initially normal in all cases. The mean concentrations of plasma thyroxine (T₄: p<0.025), free T₄ (FT₄: p<0.01) and reverse triiodothyronine (rT₃: p<0.005) decreased to 75% of their initial value within three weeks of Se supplementation and remained stable thereafter, within a normal physiological range during selenium supplementation. They increased back to their initial values three weeks (T₄: p<0.05, FT₄: p<0.05) and six weeks (rT₃: p<0.025) respectively, after the end of the supplementation. In conclusion, Se supplementation modifies thyroid function parameters in Se-deficient PKU subjects most likely by an increase in activity of type I 5-deiodinase (5-DIase I).Preliminary results of this study were presented as posters on the 4th International Congress on Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, Chamonix, France (1993) and the 4th Joint Meeting of the Lawson Wilkens Pediatric Endocrine Society and the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology, San Francisco, California, Ped Res (1993) 33: S93 (abstract 537). Support in part by Research Grants of Nutricia BV, (The Netherlands).     

纳米BiOBr/I复合材料微观形貌的影响因素及其形成机理

采用低温沉淀法合成的Bi OBr/I复合材料,具有独特的微观形貌特征.通过FESEM和XRD的一系列表征可见:辅助剂的不同含量和混合溶剂的不同比例对其独特形貌及其形成机理具有明显的影响.     

ZnO(101-0)面结构的从头计算

基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一原理超级原胞模型,计算了ZnO(101-0)非极性表面的结构.计算结果表明,顶层zn原子明显向体内弛豫0.0328nm,第2层zn原子的弛豫远离体材料0.0237 nm,使得它类似于表面原子.顶层O原子的弛豫仅为0.0146nm.导致表面Zn-0二聚体有强烈扭转.扭转角达9.2..计算结果与其他理论计算结论和实验结论吻合的很好.此外,还计算分析了ZnO的态密度.     

不分明化拓扑空间中的拟R0分离公理的刻画

定义了不分明拓扑空间的拟R0分离公理。利用不分明拓扑空间的拟闭包、拟θ 闭包及拟内核对不分明拓扑空间的拟R0分离公理进行刻画。     

P层厚度对InGaN单结太阳电池的影响

采用基于第一性原理和太阳电池基本方程的wxAMPS软件,在理想情况下,模拟计算了单结In0.65 Ga0.35 N太阳电池的光电特性。计算结果表明：当p层厚度从130 nm逐渐增加到220 nm时,入射的光子吸收能量减少,从而产生的光生载流子数目减少,进而引起了开路电压、短路电流密度以及电池的转换效率均逐渐减小,但是填充因子却反而逐渐增大,为对单结In0.65 Ga0.35 N太阳电池的设计提供了理论的参考依据。     

美国“学校健康与体育教育联盟”组织的[JZ]特征及启示

美国“学校健康与体育教育联盟”（AAHPE）致力于学校体育工作者与卫生健康领域工作人员共同协作,合力提升美国青少年学生的健康素养与运动能力。通过文献资料、比较分析等方法,对AAHPE的组织特征与运行方式进行了研究。结果表明：在宗旨与指向方面,AAHPE倡导为促进学生身体发展和实现学生健康福利提供服务,对新型体育与健康教育理念的形成提供指导,为学校体育与健康教育的立法提供咨询。在结构功能方面,AAHPE通过预设的健康教育计划来规范学校对学生健康问题的认识;通过举办专业研讨会、建立专业委员会等方式,促进教师的专业发展与成长,探讨为学生提供养成健康生活方式所需的各类知识与技能。我国可以借鉴AAHPE的运行方式,在国家统一课程标准的指导下,延展体育与健康教育目标的包容性,优化学生的健康行为;通过有效课程与教学提升学生对健康风险的认识,使用个性化信息指导学生体育与健康核心素养的形成。     

压缩感知信号重构的快速光滑L0范数法

光滑l0范数法(SL0)用带参数的高斯光滑函数序列逼近l0范数,可以有效地用于压缩感知信号重构。针对SL0算法在最优解附近收敛速度较慢的问题,由高斯光滑函数梯度及Hesse矩阵的特点,根据牛顿法的基本原理,提出了快速光滑l0范数法-FSL0算法。算法的迭代公式十分简洁。仿真结果表明,该算法与已有同类算法的重构精度相当,但重构速度得到了很大地提高。     

索赔次数分布族（a,b,0）类

泊松分布和负二项分布常用于拟合保险索赔次数,和二项分布,几何分布统称为(a,b,0)分布族.讨论了(a,b,0)分布族中各个分布的性质及其相互关系,基于(a,b,0)分布族的性质,最后结合了我国某保险公司的索赔次数数据进行了实证分析,拟合了索赔次数分布.