富含不饱和脂肪酸蚕蛹油微胶囊化研究

为防止蚕蛹油中的多种不饱和脂肪酸氧化变质,文章以脱脂奶粉为主要壁材,采用喷雾干燥的方法制备蚕蛹油微胶囊。通过响应曲面法(RSM),以包埋率为指标,对蚕蛹油微胶囊制备工艺进行优化,试验确定了最佳工艺参数,即固形物质量分数为25.42%,壁芯材比例为5.44,均质时间为7.13min,在该条件下得到包埋率的预测值为88.21%,包埋率的实测值为88.09%,两者基本一致,表明模型可以较好地预测蛹油微胶囊包埋率。     

让“磁王”更强

<正>有"磁王"之称的稀土永磁材料钕铁硼在现代高科技领域被广泛应用,从口袋里的手机、医院里的核磁共振仪到汽车、飞机,都离不开这种磁性优异的神奇材料。人均钕铁硼用量已经成为评价一国发达程度的重要指标。浙江大学材料科学与工程系教授严密团队,基于晶界组织重构技术研发了一系列钕铁硼新材料和相关制备技术,有力促进了浙江省稀土永磁的技术进步和产业升级。目     

民用飞机平尾水平安定面作动器疲劳载荷谱编制方法研究

民用平尾水平安定面作动器是飞行控制系统重要组成部件之一,其疲劳失效直接影响到飞机的安全飞行,因此,疲劳载荷谱编制的是否合理的将决定结构设计是否安全和经济。本文介绍了民用飞机平尾水平安定面作动器疲劳载荷谱编制的基本原则和基本方法,以国内某型号平尾水平安定面作动器疲劳载荷谱编制为例,详细阐述了用于分析的当量谱和用于试验的飞-续-飞载荷谱的编制方法。     

Novel laminated multiferroic heterostructures for reconfigurable microwave devices

Voltage tuning of magnetism is fundamentally and technically important for fast, compact and ultra-low power electronic devices. Multiferroic heterostructures,simultaneously exhibiting distinct ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties, have caught a lot of attentions because of the capability of controlling magnetism by a voltage via a strain-mediated magnetoelectric（ME） coupling. In these materials, a voltage-induced strain is involved to create an effective magnetic field and change ferromagnetic resonance frequency in the coupled ferromagnetic phases through magnetoelastic interactions. Therefore, the devices made of such materials are compact, ultra-fast and energy efficient,providing new functionalities for microwave components.This paper will review the recent progress of multiferroics and their applications in microwave devices from different aspects, including the creation of the novel laminated multiferroic heterostructures with a strong ME coupling, the realization of the multiferroics based on tunable microwave signal processors and the investigation of nonvolatile tuning of microwave properties using ferroelastic domain switching in multiferroic heterostructures. These tunable multiferroic heterostructures and devices offer great opportunities for realizing the next generation of tunable magnetic microwave components, ultra-low power electronics and spintronics.     

Hydrothermal synthesis,structures and properties of metal phosphonates based on m-xylylenediphosphonic acid

In this work, a series of new metal phosphonates were hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized based on m-xylylenediphosphonic acids （H4L）, including [M（H2L）（bpy）] （M = Mn 1, Co 2）, [MH2L）（phen）] （M = Co 3, Cu 4）, and [Cu2（H2L）2（bpy＂）2] 5 （bpy = 2,2＇-bipyfidine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy＂ = 4,4＇-dimethyl-2,2＇- bipyridine）. X-ray diffraction indicated that compounds 1 and 2 were isomorphic. Complexes 3 and 4 were shown to crystallize in different space groups but had similar crystallographic units. In the complexes, H4L was seen to partially deprotonate to afford H2L^2-. The H2L^2- ligands in 1-4 functioned as tetradentate ligands with each phosphonate group adopting bidentate coordination mode with two M centers to generate a 2D layer. In addition, the H2L^2- anions in 5 functioned as tfidentate ligands with one phosphonate group adopting the bidentate mode and another phosphonate group adopting the monodentate mode, thus linking three Cu atoms to provide a 1D chain. The IR and thermal stabilities of these compounds were subsequently examined.     

空间圆的圆心、半径及应用

空间圆的方程在柱面、锥面、旋转曲面与二次曲面具有重要的作用,利用空间圆的方程求圆柱面、圆锥面的方程比较繁琐,空间圆的圆心和半径又是它的重要参数,文章主要根据空间圆的方程求出其圆心和半径,再由空间圆的圆心和半径推出圆柱面和圆锥面的方程。     

基于旋转阀控制脉冲重构的钻井液QPSK信号解码及误码率分析

钻井液压力正交相移键控(QPSK)调制具有高密度携带及传输井下信息特点,其信号的解调与解码关系到所携带信息的正确恢复。通过建立信号的相位解调及旋转阀转速控制脉冲重构的数学模型,研究解调系统固有干扰及信号噪声对脉冲重构的影响;根据重构脉冲的幅度判别研究信号解码的可行性;通过建立重构脉冲的信噪比数学模型,对误码率进行理论分析。结果表明,解调系统固有干扰与信号噪声均对脉冲重构产生影响,且固有干扰影响较大;脉冲重构时,相邻码元编码产生的脉冲电平差值较小,使得误码阈值降低,上述影响更易引起误码。误码率的理论计算结果与仿真分析结果基本一致,可以将误码率分析模型用于钻井液压力QPSK信号传输效果的可靠性评估。     

基于协同进化的配网动态重构算法

为解决传统配网动态重构算法迭代计算量较大的问题,提出基于协同进化的配网动态重构算法.首先根据配网各节点负荷的变化情况进行时段划分,再在划分的区段内采用改进的遗传算法进行静态重构,将各区段静态重构得到的优化解集作为动态重构的初始解集,最后以所有时段总运行费用最小为目标函数,采用协同进化算法,通过协调各区段的重构操作得到所有时段的重构方案.对修改后的IEEE-33测试系统进行仿真计算,结果表明所提出的动态重构算法能够有效减少潮流计算的次数,同时提高了计算效率.     

具有未知输入非线性系统的自适应观测器设计

针对具有未知输入和传感器噪声的的非线性系统,讨论了基于T-S(Takagi-Sugeno)模型的未知输入观测器设计方法.首先,给出了基于非线性系统构造T-S模型系数矩阵的计算方法.然后,以T-S模型作为设计模型,通过扩展传感器噪声为辅助状态向量的方式,将系统扩展为增维系统.继而,针对T-S模型,设计模糊自适应观测器以达到对非线性系统状态,未知输入和传感器噪声同时估计之目的.为此,基于线性矩阵不等式,给出了观测器存在的充分性条件.最后,通过实例仿真验证了此方法的有效性.     

基于观测器的不匹配未知输入系统的滑模控制

对具有不匹配时变未知输入的线性系统,研究了基于观测器的滑模控制器设计方法.首先,设计了一种与控制输入无关、能直接抵消未知输入影响的降维观测器.通过该观测器估计系统状态,并提出了一种未知输入代数重构方法,进而利用高增益滑模观测器给出了未知输入一阶微分的渐近估计方法.最后,提出了一种基于系统状态估计、未知输入重构及未知输入一阶微分估计滑模控制器新的设计方法,并通过仿真分析,论证了该方法的可行性和正确性.