反应进度在化学动力学中的应用初探

用反应进度的概念对简单级数的不可逆反应的动力学进行了讨论,提出了量增系数λ_i、综合因子Λ_i以推动本论题的研究。     

动力学规律性与统计规律性

本文阐明了动力学规律性和统计规律性的特点,以及二者之间的关系。     

无序瞬子媒质中的两胶子凝聚

在量子色动力学瞬子真空模型中，研究了ＳＵｃ（２）、ＳＵｃ（３）规范场论中两胶子凝聚的温度依赖关系，用费曼变分原理和平均场近似方法，发现两胶子凝聚随温度升高而衰减，在Ｔ≈４．５∧ｍｓ时，凝聚几乎消失；色磁凝聚和色电凝聚的干涉部分同非干涉部分相比，虽然比较小，但在低温区不可忽略。     

用“多化一”最小二乘法建立吸附动力学方程

用若干个一元最小二乘法，建立多元经验公式；以吸附动力学方程为例，取得了预期的结果。     

串联电脉冲沉积Ni20Cr弥散Y2O3微晶涂层及其高温氧化性能

提出了一种把脉冲电源的输出两极均作为沉积电极、被处理试样作为一种感应电极、利用产生的串联脉冲放电沉积金属涂层的新技术. 通过“针-板-针”电极系统的放电电压-放电间隙测量实验证实了上述串联脉冲放电的物理过程. 采用振动式串联电脉冲沉积设备在Ni20Cr合金基体上成功地制备出了Ni20Cr微晶涂层和Ni20Cr弥散Y₂O₃微晶涂层. 950℃空气中的高温氧化实验结果表明, Ni20Cr合金微晶涂层极大地提高了基体合金的抗高温氧化性能, 同时还证实在微晶涂层中施加细小弥散Y₂O₃颗粒有助于进一步降低涂层的氧化速率及提高氧化膜的抗剥落性能.     

酶促反应过程中Brigg─Haldane稳态假说的适用性

本文利用非平衡态动力学方法探讨了Ｂｒｉｇｇ—Ｈａｌｄａｎｅ稳态假说对酶促反应的适用性．结果表明，在反应过程中间并不存在着一个时间区域使稳态条件成立，并采用分支理论得到了反应运力学方程的近似解。     

Studies of Several Systems with Air Electrode Electro-Synthesizing H2O2 on the Spot for Degrading Aniline in Aqueous

A gas diffusion electrode (air electrode) with a high current efficiency of electro-synthesizing H2O2 using O2 in air was prepared. The several systems with air electrode as cathode of electro-synthesizing H2O2 on the reaction spot for degrading aniline in aqueous--electro-Fenton system, photo-excitation electro-H2O2 system and photo-electro-Fenton system, were developed. The rates of decomposition of H2O2 and mineralization of aniline were experimentally measured respectively under different conditions, and the results indicated there has an excellent parallel relation between decomposition rate of H2O2 and mineralization rate of aniline. Especially, photo-electro-Fenton system, where H2O2 is decomposed the fastest, is the best system of oxidizing and degrading organic toxicants. Compared photo-electro-Fenton system with photo-Fenton system, important role is revealed in the interface of air electrode. In this paper, the mineralization mechanism of aniline in the photo-electro-Fenton system was also discussed.