香猪的胴体性能及常规肉质指标测定

香猪是世界著名的小型猪,其体躯矮、短、小、丰圆、肥腴,具有生长环境原生态、肉质细嫩鲜美、干物质含量高、易吞咽、滋味好等优良特性,是加工高档猪肉产品的最佳原料。香猪因其体重、生理生化指标、某些脏器等与人类有很大的相似性,是做实验动物模型的理想素材。贵州香猪分布广,不同地域的贵州香猪毛色遗传多样,为贵州香猪遗传资源的保护及创新利用奠定基础。经香猪肉质嫩度测定：从江香猪肉质综合性能优于其它香猪类型。     

不同方法提取四数九里香挥发油气质联用分析

分别采用超临界CO2流体萃取法(SFE)、超声波溶剂萃取法及水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)提取四数九里香中挥发油,并用GC-MS对其化学成分进行分析,采用峰面积归一法确定各组分相对含量.结果表明,超临界C02流体萃取法提取挥发油共鉴定了38种成分;超声提取法提取挥发油共鉴定12种成分;水蒸气蒸馏法法提取的挥发油共鉴定了33种成分,含量最高组分均为薄荷酮.3种提取方法所得挥发油组分与含量差别较大,为进一步开发应用四数九里香挥发性成分提供了实验依据     

三峡库区消落带流域的生态重建技术分析

提出利用香根草与工程综合技术来治理消落带的水土流失、富营养化污染、重金属污染、固体废弃物污染和垃圾渗漏液污染等生态环境问题的实施方案.并对产生生态灾害的可能性进行了分析,提出建立可持续发展的生态系统工程措施.     

Effects of Chinese herbs capable of replenishing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation and their compatibility on differentially expressed genes of ischemic myocardium

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Chinese herbs capable of replenishing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation and their compatibility on differentially expressed genes of ischemic myocardium which were selected from differential expression profile we had established before, and to explore the underlying mechanism. The acute myocardial infarction （AMi） model was established by ligating the left anterior descending （LAD） coronary artery, then the model rats were randomly divided into the model group, the Metoprolol group, the replenishing qi nourishing yin （RN） group, the activating blood circulation （AB） group, and the replenishing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation （RA） group. In addition, the normal group and the sham group were set up. The rats of medication groups were administered by intragastric gavage with corresponding drugs on the second day after operations, and the rats of the normal group and the sham group were given normal saline as the same time.Then the ischemic hearts were harvested on the 8th day after operation. The myocardial pathomorphological changes were observed under a light microscope. The mRNA changes of target genes such as COX5a and ATP5e were detected using Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （Q-PCR）, and the activities of related enzymes were detected by colorimetric assay. The main resuits were as follows： the histological changes were observed by HE staining, and cardiocyte swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration and cytolysis were showed in regional ischemic myocardium of the model group, while the pathomorphological changes in all medication groups did not show obvious changes. Two genes related to energy metabolism, COX5a and ATP5e, were selected as the target genes which were down-regulated at the mRNA level in the medication groups. The activities of correlative functional enzymes also decreased in the RA group compared to that in the model group accordingly （P〈0.05）. The results indicated that the abnormal expression of genes involved in energy metabolism pathways could be one of the molecular mechanisms of AMI. The compatibility of Chinese herbs capable of replenishing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation affects the expression of energy-relative gene COX5a, ATP5e, which is probably the mechanism of myocardial preservation, and is more effective than single herb of replenishing qi and nourishing yin or activating blood circulation.     

黄菖蒲根际低分子量有机酸对土壤吸附氨氮的影响

根际低分子量有机酸是一类活性的化感物质, 具有促进污染物迁移、转化与累积等重要的生态功能.本研究利用GC-MS技术, 解析了黄菖蒲根际代谢物的组分特征与相对含量, 通过模拟实验揭示了低分子量有机酸对土壤吸附氨氮的热-动力学的影响.结果表明:黄菖蒲根际代谢的不同种类低分子量有机酸均能促进氨氮吸附, 但作用程度存在差异; 氨氮在土壤中的吸附动力学符合Elovich方程与双常数方程, 等温吸附均符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程的特征,其键能常数K_L与有机酸解离常数pKa呈负相关; 低分子量有机酸调控土壤吸附氨氮的机理主要是有机质活化作用.     

红曲霉Monascus sanguineus X1处理黄水的培养基优化及酯化液制备

黄水是白酒酿造的主要副产物之一,富含多种有机质,可用于制备酯化液促进白酒增香,提高其利用率。研究了一株高产酯化酶的红曲霉菌株Monascus sanguineus X1,以酯化酶活力为指标,从碳源、碳氮比、接种量和pH值4个方面对X1菌株的培养基进行单因素实验及正交试验优化;采用酯化酶液处理黄水,制备酯化液,研究了黄水、乙醇、己酸等酯化前体物质添加量对酯化液制备的影响。结果表明,该红曲霉优化发酵培养基组分(以100mL计):大米粉7.0g,大豆蛋白胨2.0g,NaNO₃ 0.2g,KH₂PO₄ 0.15g,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.1g,培养基初始pH值5.0,接种量10%(体积分数)。在此条件下,添加体积分数为10%的黄水和体积分数为4%的乙醇,酶活力可达745.80U/mL。向酯化酶液中加入体积分数为0.8%的己酸和体积分数为20%的乙醇继续培养1d后,酯化液中己酸乙酯的体积分数可达0.121%;而向酯化酶液中补加体积分数为10%的黄水后,己酸乙酯和乳酸乙酯的体积分数分别可达0.055% 和0.032%。该结果旨在为将黄水资源用于白酒增香提供理论参考。     

香根草对重金属镉的积累及耐性研究

通过香根草的水溶液培养,研究了不同浓度的镉(Cd)对香根草的生理和生态的影响.结果表明:香根草富集的Cd主要被累积在根内,最高富集系数达到24.06%.溶液Cd浓度与香根草根内Cd的累积量显著正相关(r=0.987 4),与根的耐性指数呈显著负相关(r=-0.943 6).低浓度Cd(≤1 mmol.L-1)处理使根系活力和硝酸还原酶(NR)活力随时间呈现先升后降的趋势,中、高浓度Cd(≥1.5 mmol.L-1)处理使根系活力呈显著下降的趋势,且浓度越高,下降幅度越大.化学形态分析表明,在香根草体内Cd的NaCl提取态占绝对优势,在根和茎叶内的平均占52.06%和64.03%.可以认为香根草在Cd胁迫下其氮代谢、呼吸作用,植物的生长发育受到一定程度抑制,但其对Cd仍具有较强的耐性和富集能力.     

香根草在广西南宁的引种复壮栽培

在广西南宁市郊的文本大学林学院校园和高峰林场罗伞岭水库引种香根草（Ｖｅｔｉｖｅｒｉａｚｉｚａｈｉｏｉｅｓ（Ｌ）Ｎａｓｈ）,并采用ＮａＣｌ、复合肥和生物尸体粉等处理使香根草弱种苗复壮。结果表明,香根草在广西南宁各个月份均可引种,以３月至５月引种的反青时间最短（２ｄ－３ｄ）,是种植的最佳季节。得根草在广西南宁的生长周期为１８０ｄ－２４７ｄ,在８月高温（５０℃）下仍然后正常生长,半荫条件下生长最好。香根     

特效灭蟑柱香（烟剂）的制作技术

由于蟑螂体扁能钻缝过隙和体表几了质的保护作用,一般喷散毒剂不易杀灭,而用烟剂熏蒸,药剂可通过其呼吸气门进入体内,故远比用其他剂型灭蟑的效果好,不仅省工,省时,而且省钱.在制作烟剂柱香时,考虑到距着火点7.5mm处300℃～250℃的温度最适宜于杀蟑剂的挥散,距着火点太近则杀蟑剂被高热分解失去杀蟑作用,距着火点太远则温度太低杀蟑剂尚未挥散,故刚制出成型的柱香坯中可不含杀蟑剂,只含有发热、发烟剂,随后再在柱香起燃端7.5毫米以下涂覆一层含有杀蟑剂的涂料.一、柱香的制作步骤:(一)柱香坯的制作1.配方例(W/W,克)①燃料 稻壳粉(100目)11②助燃剂 氨酸钾 20③发烟剂 硫酸铵 13④降温剂 滑石粉(200目)4⑤粘合剂 小麦面糊(15%)24⑥成型剂 白陶土(325目)472.柱香坯制法将配方中的②③和⑥的1/2份混合粉碎,再将配方中各组分一起混合均匀,经捏合、挤压成条,截成小段,得到直径为10mm,长度为30mm的园柱体.晒干或80℃温     

桂竹香花托诱导再生植株的研究

用桂竹香带子房花托,在附加6-BA2.00～3.00mg/L+NAA0.1～0.5mg/L的MS培养基上诱导出愈伤组织后,转接到附加6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA0.01mg/L的MS培养基上,分化出的丛生芽状态最佳,丛生芽在附加NAA0.5mg/L的1/2MS培养基中可诱导出多而粗壮的根.