基于深度学习的眼底图像出血点检测方法

提出了一种基于卷积神经网络(convolutional neural networks,CNN)加条件随机场(conditional random fields,CRF)的眼底图像出血点检测方法。首先,为了避免图像背景区域对后续检测的影响,参考眼底图像中的灰度信息并根据眼底中心位置到其边缘的长度,将图像调整到合适的尺寸,再对图像进行线性加权增强其亮度和对比度;然后,用裁剪到的图像块在仿照VGG网络构建的CNN架构上去训练检测出血点的CNN模型;最后,为了克服CNN模型在出血点检测中误检、漏检等问题,采用CRF对CNN模型输出的概率图进行后处理,以实现眼底图像出血点的精确检测。提出的检测方法在公开的Kaggle与Messidor数据库上进行训练和验证,获得了98.8%的准确率、99.4%的召回率和99.1%的F-score。另外,在DIARETDB1数据库上测试的灵敏度达到98.5%,F-score为96.1%。实验结果表明,从图像视觉和定量检测2个方面均说明了提出方法的有效性和优越性。     

射干有效成分抗病毒主要药效学实验研究

目的观察射干不同有效成分体外抗病毒药效学作用。方法采用组织细胞培养法,观察射干有效成分对 呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒3型(adv-3)、腺病毒7型(adv-7)、疱疹I(HSV-1)、疱疹Ⅱ(HSV-2)、鼻病毒-3 型、柯萨奇16(EV-16)等7种病毒的对抗作用。结果体外抗病毒试验结果显示,除1号、5号外,射干不同有效成 分无毒界限药液,对不同病毒RSV、AdV-3、AdV-7、HSV-I、HSV-2、EV-16、鼻病毒等具有一定抑制病毒致细胞病变 的作用。结论除1号、5号外,射干各有效成分分别对RSV、AdV-3、AdV-7、HSV-I、HSV-2、鼻病毒、EV-16等具有 不同程度的对抗作用。     

龙海麻鸭自然感染菲莱氏盲肠温扬球虫亚种(Wenyonella philiplevinei caecum)内生殖虫体与组织病变

考察了厦门地区龙海麻鸭盲肠寄生的球虫,经鉴定为菲莱氏盲肠温扬球虫亚种.该球虫寄生于盲肠,卵囊的最早孢子化时间为24 h.组织切片显示内生殖虫体有三型裂殖体,成熟大配子体位于绒毛中部或肠腺上皮细胞核的下方,椭圆形.成熟小配子体位于绒毛中部和基部上皮细胞核的下方,内有50 个以上逗点状小配子.卵囊位于绒毛基部上皮细胞核的下方、绒毛固有层和粘膜肌层.盲肠病理切片显示盲肠绒毛上皮、肠腺上皮细胞遭到破坏,并伴有炎症反应.     

超声筛查高校中老年教师颈动脉粥样硬化发病情况及其影响因素研究

目的:对西北某高校中老年教师颈动脉粥样硬化情况及其影响因素进行详细调查.方法 :采用横断面研究的方法,随机选取本校内45岁以上教师511例(其中男性268例,女性243例),采用彩色多普勒超声显像仪进行颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的筛查,测量双侧颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)、斑块数量及颈动脉狭窄程度,同时测量血压、身高、体重,并详细记录吸烟史、家族史等相关因素,以上测量完成之后空腹抽取外周静脉血进行TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、GLU、SUA、Cr、BUN等生化项目检查.结果:该校不同年龄段中老年教师颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的检出率存在差异(46~55岁组为29.03%,56~65岁组为62.69%,66~75岁组为82.05%,76~85岁组为89%,86岁以上年龄组为100%),且差异有统计学意义(P0.000);不同性别间颈动脉粥样硬化的检出率存在差异(男性为75.00%,女性为63.38%),且差异有统计学意义(P0.01);年龄、体重、吸烟、高血压是影响中老年教师颈动脉内-中膜增厚的独立危险因素,其中年龄为主要危险因素.结论 :该校中老年教师颈动脉粥样硬化的检出率随年龄增长而逐渐增加,且男性教师检出率显著高于女性教师,年龄、体重、高血压、吸烟均为颈动脉内-中膜增厚的独立危险因素.     

色素痣样病变临床及病理分析

目的探讨色素痣样病变的临床特点及其病理学特性,并进行分析,以供参考。方法选取2012年1月~2014年2月该院收治的色素痣样病变患者,共400例作为研究对象。对所有患者的临床病理资料做出统一的整理,并进行分析。结果在400例色素痣样病变的患者中,经过临床手术确诊的色素痣患者有299例(74.75%),其中,以皮内痣、混合痣和交界痣所占的比例为最重,分别为59.75%、10.00%、5.00%。结论在临床诊断中,色素痣样病变的误诊现象发生率较高,只有将患者的临床病理进行详细的组合分析,才能有效提高色素痣样病变的诊断率,防止误诊现象的发生。     

碘油滞留对肝内占位病变的鉴别诊断

对经病理证实的１００例肝内占位病变碘油肝动脉造影资料进行分析，结果显示碘油不仅能积聚在多血管恶性肿病中，也能积聚在多血管良性肿瘤内，其影像无差别，但碘油在病灶内滞留时间则明显不同，在恶性肿瘤内碘油能长时间滞留（１月以上），而良性肿瘤，除血管瘤外，碘油在３周内消散。利用碘油滞留时间不同这一特性，可对肝脏多血管良、恶性肿瘤进行鉴别诊断。     

鞍内罕见病变2例报告

1　一般资料病例 1 .连某 ,女 ,40岁 ,阵发性头疼 ,头晕 2 0ｄ伴月经失调 .无视力障碍 ,无视野缺损 ,无内分泌改变 ,血糖 1 4.3ｍｍｏｌ/Ｌ ,经用胰岛素治疗效果不明显 .内分泌系统检查均正常 .蝶鞍Ｘ线片 :蝶鞍前后径 1 5ｍｍ ,深径 1 5ｍｍ ,后床突上翘 ,并见骨质吸收 ,前床突无改变 .头部ＣＴ :鞍内可见一类圆形稍高密度影 ,边界清晰 ,大小 2 .0ｃｍ× 2 .0ｃｍ ,鞍底呈半圆形下凹 ,增强后无强化 .头部ＭＲＩ:鞍内见直径2 .0ｃｍ长Ｔ1 、长Ｔ2 信号 .术前诊断 :无功能垂体腺瘤 .手术在全麻下经鼻小柱———蝶窦入路 ,打开鞍底 ,见鞍内硬…     

Development of Triticum aestivum-Leymus racemosus ditelosomic substitution line 7Lr#1S（7A） with resistance to wheat scab and its meiotic behavior analysis

Leymus racemosus is highly resistant to wheat scab （Fusarum head bright）. The transfer of scab resistant gene from L. racemosus to Triticum aestivum is of great significance for broadening the base of wheat resistance. In the present study, the pollen of T. aestivum-L, racemosus monosomic addition line with scab resistance was treated by irradiation with 1200 R ^60Co-γ-rays prior to pollinating to emasculated wheat cv. Mianyang 85-45. Nine plants with a telocentric chromosome 7Lr#1S were observed in M1, and one ditelosomic substitution line 7Lr#1S was selected from selfcrossing progenies and confirmed by chromosome C-banding and GISH. Furthermore, a co-dominant EST-SSR marker CINAU 31 was employed to identify this substitution line. A pair of chromosome 7A of common wheat were found to be replaced by a pair of telocentric chromosome 7Lr#1S, and further investigation showed that chromosome configuration of the substitution line at MI of PMCs after GISH was 17.50Ⅱ^w ＋ 2.19Ⅱ^w ＋ 0.42Ⅱ^7Lr#1S ＋ 1.08 Ⅰ^7Lr#1S ＋ 0.69 Ⅰ^w. Two telocentric chromosomes paired as a bivalent in 59.7% of PMCs. Abnormal chromosome behaviors of telocentric chromosomes were observed in part of PMCs at anaphase I and telophase I, including the moving of two telocentric chromosomes to the same pole, lagging and earlier separation of their sister chromatid. All these abnormal behaviors can be grouped into three distinct types of tetrads according to different numbers of 7Lr#1S in their daughter cells and various micronucleus in some tetrads. However, due to the high transmission frequency of the female and male gametes with a 7Lr#1S, 84% of the selfcrossing progeny plants had ditelosomic substitution. The substitution line showed high resistance to wheat scab in a successive two-year test both in the greenhouse and field; hence, the line will be particularly valuable for alien gene mapping, small fragment translocation induction and telosomic cytological behavior analysis.     

Study on microscope hyperspectral medical imaging method for biomedical quantitative analysis

A microscopic pushbroom hyperspectral imaging system was developed based on the microscopic technology and spectral imaging technology according to the principle of spectral imager in remote sensing. The basic principle and key technologies of this system were presented and the system per- formance was also analyzed. Some methods and algorithms were proposed to preprocess and nor- malize the microscopic hyperspectral data and retrieve the transmittance spectrum of samples. As a case study, the microscopic hyperspectral imaging system was used to image the retina sections of different rats and get some significant results. Experiment results show that the system can be used for the quantitative assessment and evaluating the effect of medication in biomedical research.