青藏高原热红外遥感与地表层温度相关性研究

通过对青藏高原热红外遥感数据与地表层温度场分布规律的分析,确定影响地表层温度的陆面因素,采用神经网络技术建立通过热红外遥感反演陆面参数预测地表层温度的模型,利用该模型对各陆面参数与地表层温度的相关关系进行了分析.该方法为热红外遥感用于大面积地块缝合带监测以及研究构造热异常探索了一种新途径.     

River discharge changes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

THE QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU IS SENSITIVE TO GLOBAL CLI- MATE CHANGES, AND ITS MEAN WARMING AMPLITUDE DURING THE PAST 50 YEARS IS GREATER THAN THAT OF THE NORTHERNHEMISPHERE AND OTHER REGIONS IN THE SAME LATITUDE[1,2]. DUE TO ITS SPECIFIC GEOMORPHIC CONDITIO…     

QW型复合高效外加剂与水泥的适应性探讨

在相关规范的基础上 ,对外加剂与水泥适应性的试验方法做了一些有意义的尝试 ,并以此对适宜于青藏高原环境下负温高性能混凝土使用的 QW型复合高效外加剂与水泥的适应性进行了试验。     

青藏高原：全球气候变化的驱动机与放大器：Ⅱ.青藏高原…

４０Ｍａ前印度板块与欧亚板块的碰掸导致了特提斯海的封闭和西藏成陆，但４０－２０ＭａＢｐ间地面很低。２０Ｍａ前的构造运动使青藏地区一些山地隆起，但而后又经历了长期的夷平，地貌与生物证据揭示，早上新世高原的高度仅约１０００ｍ，高原的强裂隆起开始于３．４Ｍａ前，这被高原内外普启蒙的砾岩堆积和盆地演化记录下来。     

东海北部近海夏秋季鲐鲹渔场与海洋水文环境的关系

本文叙述了东海北部近海夏秋季鲐鲹鱼中心渔场的分布、海洋水文环境(包括水温、盐度、水系的消长变化)特点以及两者之间的关系。     

An in situ zircon Hf isotopic,U-Pb age and trace element study of banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt： Tracking the early evolution of the lower crust in the North China craton

Backscattered electron images, in situ Hf isotopes, U-Pb ages and trace elements of zircons in a banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt have been studied. The results show that the banded granulite is a sample derived from the early lower crust of the North China craton. It is difficult to explain the petrogenesis of the xenolith with a single process. Abundant information on several processes, however, is contained in the granulite. These processes in-clude the addition of mantle material, crustal remelting, metamorphic differentiation and the delamination of early lower crust. About 80% of zircons studied yield ages of 1842 ±40 Ma, except few ages of 3097-2824 Ma and 2489-2447 Ma. The zircons with ages older than 2447 Ma have high εHf (up to +18.3) and high Hf model age (2.5-2.6 Ga), indicating that the primitive materials of the granulite were derived mainly from a depleted mantle source in late Archean. Most εhf of the zircons with early Proterozoic U-Pb age vary around zero, but two have     

Petrology, geochemistry and geodynamics of basic granulite from the Altay area, North Xinjiang, China

The basic granulite of the Altay orogenic belt occurs as tectonic lens in the Devonian medium- to lower-grade metamorphic beds through fault contact. The Altay granulite (AG) is an amphibole plagioclase two-pyroxene granulite and is mainly composed of two pyroxenes, plagioclase, amphibole and biotite. Its melano-minerals are rich in Mg/(Mg Fe^2 ),and its amphibole and biotite are rich in TiO2. The AG is rich in Mg/(Mg Fe^2 ), Al2O3 and depletion of U, Th and Rbcontents. The AG has moderate ∑REE and LREE-enriched with weak positive Eu anomaly. The AG shows island-arc pattern with negative Nb, P and Ti anomalies, reflecting that formation of the AG may be associated with subduction. Geochemical and mineral composition data reflect that the protolith of the AG is calc-alkaline basalt and formed by granulite facies metamorphism having peak P-T conditions of 750℃-780℃ and 0.6-0.7 Gpa. The AG formation underwent two stages was suggested. In the early stage of oceanic crustal subduction, calc-alkaline basalt with island-arc environment underwent granulite facies metamorphism to form the AG in deep crust, and in the late stage, the AG was thrust into the upper crust.     

南海北部地壳结构的深地震探测和研究新进展

南海是西太平洋最大的边缘海之一,其北部具有被动大陆边缘特征.深部地壳结构的研究对深入认识南海北部边缘的构造属性、演化历史、含油气盆地的形成过程,以及南海成因具有十分重要的意义.南海北部地壳结构的深地震探测经历了声纳浮标、双船扩展剖面和海底地震仪几个阶段,声纳浮标探测了解到上地壳的结构特征,双船扩展剖面首次获得了地壳结构和莫霍面起伏的情况,海底地震仪探测则得到了详细的地壳结构模型.文中回顾了这些深地震探测和研究的历史,介绍和总结了最新的研究进展和重要成果,并提出存在的问题和今后工作的建议.     

西昆仑及邻区岩石圈动力学特征

地球物理资料显示西昆仑地区岩石圈的结构具"厚壳薄幔"特征,热模拟结果表明莫霍面温度偏高;对西昆仑及邻区的重力和地形数据反演推算的岩石圈有效弹性厚度小,说明岩石圈的强度低,有利于均衡调整和快速隆升.研究表明西昆仑地区岩石圈的结构特征、热状态、应力场和岩石圈的强度等动力学因素是相互耦合的.     

世界难题：天路冻土

地质史神话般地为我们描绘了一个不可思议的沧海变桑田的事实:很久很久以前,现今青藏高原还是一片海洋,叫做“特提斯海”。慢慢地,从遥远的南边漂来一块大陆——“冈瓦纳古大陆”,与欧亚板块相撞,成就了“喜马拉雅造山运动”——地质史上最重大的事件之一。从此,就像美女头顶盘起的发髻,地球上隆起了这么一块最高的地方。在地球上最高的地方修建铁路,人们面临的最大技术难题是:它将穿越绵延数百千米的难以对付的多年冻土。