（淮）共晶系相变材料融点及融解热的理论预测

本对（准）共晶系的融点和融解进行了分析预测，得到了共晶混合物融点，融解热与组分物性间的关系及两个推论。所得结果对按应用需要选配合适融点、融解热的相变混合介质具有指导意义。     

超级电容器电极材料纳米α-MnO2的制备及性能研究

用溶胶-凝胶法和沉淀法制备了具有纳米结构的α-MnO2,分别对其进行X-射线衍射（XRD）,扫描电镜（SEM）,循环伏安（CV）等测试,结果发现溶胶-凝胶法所合成的材料是由粒径为60nm的微粒组成,沉淀法所合成的材料粒径在80nm范围,并研究了不同配比的α-MnO2和活性炭组成的复合电极在各种浓度的电解液中的循环伏安性能,发现当电极中α-MnO2质量百分含量为40%-60%时,在0.5mol/L Na2SO4,2.0mol/L(NH4)2SO4,1.0mol/L,KCl溶液中的比电容较高,其中在2.0mol/L(NH4)2SO4溶液中的比电容最高可达108.26F/g.     

Charge dynamic characteristics in corona-charged polytetrafluoroethylene film electrets

In this work, the charge dynamics characteristics of injection, transport and decay in porous and non-porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film electrets were investigated by means of corona charging, isothermal and thermal stimulating surface-potential decay measurements. The results showed that the initial surface potential, whether positively or negatively charging, is much higher in non-porous PTFE than in porous PTFE. For porous film the value of initial surface potentials increases with increase of film thickness. Higher charging temperature can remarkably improve charge stability. The charge dynamics are correlated to materials microstructure according to their scanning electron micrographs. For non-porous PTFE films, polarizability change of C-F bonds is the main origin of electret charges; but for porous PTFE film a large number of bulk and interface type traps are expected because of the greater area of interface and higher crystallinity.     

填埋场衬垫系统的评价

城市固体废弃物填埋场是许多国家最终处置固体废弃物的主要方法,其衬垫系统是填埋场整个系统中最关键的部位。主要介绍了填埋场衬垫系统的发展及其3种主要衬垫材料,并对三者进行了互比较,指出使用GCL是未来衬垫系统材料应用的发展方向。但由于经济和效益之间的矛盾,使得能否真正实施符合高标准高要求的衬垫系统成为我国当前填埋技术中的突出问题。结合我国国情,指出在选择和设计衬垫系统时应因地制宜,切合实际,建造有地方特色的垃圾填埋场。最后,对衬垫干裂、衬垫厚度以及衬垫系统中的稳定性等问题进行了讨论。