地铁司机

3岁的莉莉坐在11岁的哥哥约瑟夫为她专门制作的“地铁车厢”里,瞧,她在“铁轨”上开着“地铁”,驶过她的姐姐尼勒和埃米时,设计者为她们拍摄了照片。请仔细分辨他们的动作设计。     

“汉阳造”的质量究竟有多给力

2012年11月的一天,见习路线工渠敬雷在四川达州县一处铁路桥上巡查铁轨,无意间发现了一段铸有1902年汉阳铁厂造字样的铁轨。网友们对这段历经110年风雨仍然坚守岗位的百年汉阳造啧啧称赞,更有网友感叹:想不到一百多年前汉阳造的质量如此暴强如此给力,在科技高度发达的今天,很多产品的质量倒不如当年的汉阳造了。     

基于主方向迭代校正的铁轨检测算法

应用图像处理与识别技术,提出基于主方向迭代校正的铁轨检测算法。该算法基于梯度图像的Hough变换估计出路轨的主方向,设计出边缘检测算子,实现边缘增强、突出铁轨的位置信息。通过算法迭代得到最优边缘检测算子,利用主方向信息与路轨判定准则进行铁轨的定位。结果表明,该算法能准确有效地进行铁轨的检测与定位。     

梦想中的未来世界

大家想象中的未来世界是什么样子?要不要和我一起去我梦想中的未来世界享受一下?在我梦想中的未来世界里,街上没有了"车水马龙",因为公路上根本就没有汽车,江河湖海里也没有船,铁轨上不见火车,甚至飞机场都没有飞机。     

基于模板匹配的轨道基桩识别研究

为了克服铁路建设中人工检测的局限,在满足测量精度的条件下,利用图像处理方法,对基桩进行在线识别.由CCD采集基桩的图像,对基桩图像先进行直方图均衡,再用模板匹配法对其进行识别.在实验中,对用直方图均衡处理和其他图像预处理的方法进行了比较.结果表明,用模板匹配法能将经直方图均衡过的图像中的轨道基桩有效地识别出来,且识别精度高、速度快,可以满足铁轨在日常铺设时的测量要求.     

基于ARM cortex M3铁轨塌方自动检测报警系统

当前铁轨塌方检测通常采用人工检测方法,令专业技术人员定期对铁轨进行安全检查,通过经验判断是否会发生塌方。人工检测危险系数高;且因主观性导致误差较大。为此,设计了一种新的基于ARM cortex M3铁轨塌方自动检测报警系统,所设计系统主要由传感器检测模块、CPU控制模块、GSM无线传输模块、太阳能供电模块以及GPS定位模块构成,详细介绍了关键模块的设计过程。将ARM cortex M3作为整个系统的主要控制芯片,通过塌方传感器对塌方情况进行检测;利用GPS定位模块对塌方位置进行定位;通过远程无线传输模块实现报警,利用最小二乘法多项式曲线拟合方法对传感器检测过程中出现的误差施行补偿。实验结果表明,所设计系统不仅能有效实现报警,而且不易出现故障、维修成本低、实时性高。     

钕铁磁浮车

磁悬浮列车又叫磁浮车磁车,几千年来人类陆上交通工具从马车进化到汽车、火车、磁车4个阶段,其中磁车是唯一没有轮子的车,而靠磁力线悬浮车子、离开轨道梁10mm处飞驶,由于它不和铁轨接触、也就消除了摩擦与震动,因此它行驶速度最快(时速大于500千米)、最平稳、最安全、又最舒适、因此深受人们重视.20世纪80年代我国西南交通大学与国防科技大学就开始研究磁车了,经过20多年的努力,造出了试验性常导与超导磁车,直到去年上海才引进开通了中德合资建造的磁悬浮列车,也是世界上第一条试运营的磁车.这说明了磁车真是高科技中的高科技.     

Effect of High-Frequency Vertical Vibration of Track on Formation and Evolution of Corrugations

The effect of high-frequency curved track vibrations in the vertical direction on the formation and development of rail corrugation was analyzed. Kalker‘s non-Hertzian rolling contact theory was modified and used to calculate the frictional work density on the contact area of the wheel and rail in rolling when a wheelset is steadily curving. The material loss unit area was assumed to be proportional to the frictional work density to determine the wear depth of the contact surface of the rail. The combined influences of the corrugation and the coupled dynamics of the railway vehicle and track were taken into consideration in the numerical simulation. For simplicity, the model considered one fourth of freight car without lateral motion,namely, a wheelset and the equivalent one fourth freight car body above it. The Euler beam was used to model the rails with the track structure under the rails replaced with equivalent springs, dumpers, and mass bodies. The numerical results show that the high-frequency track vibration causes formation of the initial corrugation on the smooth contact surface of the rail when a wheelset is steadily curving. The corrugation wave,length depends on the frequencies and the rolling speed of the wheelset. The vibration frequencies also affect the depth and increase the corrugation.     

Dynamics of high speed wheel/rail system and its modelling

With the fast increasing of train speed the interactions among the train,the track,and the power cate-nary system become very strong. Such interactions are also strongly coupled with the action of high speed airflow due to the high speed running. Hence,the existing research methods and numerical al-gorithms of railway vehicle/track systems are not fully available for characterizing the transient dy-namic and long-term behaviors of train/track at higher speed. The present paper reviews the existing studies on coupling dynamics of railway vehicle/track,and clarifies their advantages and disadvan-tages and then puts forward an innovation stratagem for high speed railway based on rolling contact of wheel/rail systems. In the innovation stratagem,a comprehensive dynamic model of wheels/rails sys-tems is developed to simultaneously consider the track system,the train,the rolling contact of wheel/rail,the catenary/pantograph system,and the high speed airflow with the train. The motion equations of the subsystems and their coupling boundaries are given and discussed. For the reliability and safety of the high speed train in service,the long-term behavior of the structures of the train and the track is considered in the comprehensive model. Moreover,a generalized failure model,consider-ing the structures and the materials and working in the comprehensive dynamic model of wheels/rails system,as well as the simulation system of structure failure of the high speed train/track is established. Consequently,the present studies on the dynamics of the coupled vehicle/track will be further and largely extended.