名优特植物的组织培养和快速繁殖

安徽省植物资源非常丰富,名优特植物更是举不胜举.如太和县的樱桃桃脯和香椿椿芽、黄山市的徽州雪梨等都曾为贡品;濉溪县的黄里软籽石榴几百年前就闻名于世,明朝<隋年>一书就有记载:"黄里石榴颜色鲜美,气味芬芳,粒大籽软,叶甜而浓";皖南山区和大别山区还是名优板栗、香榧、山核桃、茶、枇杷等的盛产地.     

Study of apolipoprotein E genetic polymorphism in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction

Objective: To explore the frequency and significance of ApoE gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods: Polymerase chain reaction and gene sequencing, single nucleotide polymorphisms of ApoE gene were used to analyze 33 cases of patients with ACI and 35 controls. Results: The frequencies of ApoE gene single nucleotide polymorphisms 465C/G, 462C/G and 451delC in the ACI group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of polymorphism 486G/T in the control group was significantly higher than that in the ACI group (P=0.011). Conclusions: 465C/G,462C/G and 451delC polymorphisms might be associated with ACI.486GT allele might have protective effect on the pathogenesis of ACI.     

西藏米拉山区种子植物区系研究

西藏米拉山区有种子植物71科304属728种,其中裸子植物有3科7属12种。该区植物地理成分复杂,特有现象明显,从科、属和种的分布类型统计分析,均表现为温带成分最多,分别占本层次的比例为43．66％,84．62％和58．72％,反映出典型的温带区系特征和区系的年轻性。依据种的丰富程度和一些自然地理条件的特征将米拉山区系划分为2个植物区系小区：米拉山东坡小区、米拉山西坡小区。与此相毗邻的色季拉山和墨脱比较,米拉山区系与色季拉山的区系性质更为相似。     

树木成长过程的计算机仿真--人工生命的一个问题

本文从已有的原始模型开始,考虑了周围环境对树木生长的影响.即设定了一些随机变量加入到原始模型中,模仿环境中诸如阳光、空气和水分等因素对树木生长的影响.除此,本文同时展示了树木及地下树根部分协同生长的情况.在建模的同时,应用了Hansrudi Noser开发的Lworld.exe软件实现了整个模型的可视化.     

Involvement of nitric oxide in the signal transduction of salicylic acid regulating stomatal movement

The effects and the relationship between sali-cylic acid(SA)and nitric oxide(NO) on Vicia faba L.stomatal movement were studied.The results here showed that exogenous SA and NO induced stomatal closure,100μmol/L SA induced a rapid and striking NO increase in the cytosol of guard cells.This phenomenon was largely prevented by 2000μmol/L 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide(PTIO),a specific NO scavenger,and 25μmol/L N^G-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME),an inhibitor of NO synthase(NOS) in mammalian cells that also inhibits plant NOS.In addition,SA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by PTIO and L-NAME.These results provide evidence that guard cells generate NO in response to SA via NOS-like activity,and that such NO production is required for full stomatal closure in response to SA.H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazole-[4,3-α]quinoxalin-l-one(ODQ),an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase,and nicotinamide,an antagonist of cADPR production,inhibited the effects of SA-and NO-induced stomatal closure.It suggests that both cGMP and cADPR might mediate the signal transduction of SA and NO-induced stomatal closure.     

Pitfalls in the analysis of ancient human mtDNA

The retrieval of DNA from ancient human specimens is not always successful owing to DNA deterioration and contamination although it is vital to provide new insights into the genetic structure of ancient people and to reconstruct the past history. Normally, only short DNA fragments can be retrieved from the ancient specimens. How to identify the authenticity of DNA obtained and to uncover the information it contained are difficult. We employed the ancient mtDNAs reported from Central Asia (including Xinjiang, China) as an example to discern potentially extraneous DNA contamination based on the updated mtDNA phylogeny derived from mtDNA control region, coding region, as well as complete sequence information. Our results demonstrated that many mtDNAs reported are more or less problematic.Startim, from a reliable mtDNA phylogeney and combining the available modern data into analysis, one can ascertain the authenticity of the ancient DNA, distinguish the potential errors in a data set, and efficiently decipher the meager information it harbored. The reappraisal of the mtDNAs with the age of more than 2000 years from Central Asia gave support to the suggestion of extensively (pre)historical gene admixture in this region.     

甘肃紫草科植物资源

根据野外调查、标本采集和文献资料,报道了甘肃省紫草科植物22属、57种、7变种,并简述了其地理分布、生态环境及药用价值,为该科植物资源的合理开发利用提供了依据．     

简便实用的转抗除草剂基因后代植株鉴定方法--种子萌发测定法

种子萌发法是检测外源抗性基因在转基因植物中的表达和分析外源抗性基因在转基因植物中遗传行为的简单而直接的方法,以转ｂａｒ基因燕麦后代Ｒ２种子为材料,用不同体积分数的除草剂Ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅ处理种子,萌发的幼苗经ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｄｏｔ ｂｌｏｔ鉴定,发现在０．０３％的除草剂上萌发的幼苗,部分不含ｂａｒ基因,而在０．０７％和０．０９％的除草剂上萌发的幼苗,均含ｂａｒ基因。用０．０７％的除草剂测     

卡伐利亚树与渡渡鸟

在靠近非洲马达加斯加岛的印度洋上，有一个美丽富饶的火山岛国——毛里求斯。早在16世纪欧洲殖民者踏上该岛之前，岛上长满茂盛的热带森林。如今，该岛上的原始森林已所剩无几。其中岛上特有的树种——卡伐利亚树行将灭绝，这也成了毛里求斯的一个著名的植物之谜。卡伐利亚树是一种高大的热带乔木，树高可达30m，树围4m左右，在植物分类上属于山榄科卡伐利亚属。几百年前，它们的踪迹遍布全岛。这种树木质坚硬、细密，曾经是岛上大量出品的优质木材资源。可是今天，岛上残存的卡伐利亚树已寥寥无几。