电厂金属焊接技术中缺陷原因及具体措施分析

电厂金属焊接技术的质量,对整个电厂机组能否正常的运行起着极其重要的作用。大部分原因是电厂在进行金属焊接时,电厂金属焊接技术不成熟,无法满足实际的操作要求;时间上要求紧迫。另外,金属焊接的质量监理部门在监管是存在漏洞;机械设备在安装是存在隐患,都会造成电厂金属焊接的质量出现问题。而电厂金属焊接的质量会影响到整个电厂生产的安全与稳定。所以,要保证电厂金属焊接的质量是非常重要的。本文针对电厂金属金属焊接技术中存在的缺陷原因进行分析,并提出具体的可实施措施。     

阿基米德原理和浮力

物体受到的浮力,和物体浸在水中部分的体积相同的水的重量相等。 从本期起,新创立的“实验室”栏目将用绘图来解读科学的基本原理或法则。首先让我们来了解一下古希腊数学家阿基米德发现的“浮力”原理,也就是“阿基米德原理”。     

Hydrothermal synthesis,structures and properties of metal phosphonates based on m-xylylenediphosphonic acid

In this work, a series of new metal phosphonates were hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized based on m-xylylenediphosphonic acids （H4L）, including [M（H2L）（bpy）] （M = Mn 1, Co 2）, [MH2L）（phen）] （M = Co 3, Cu 4）, and [Cu2（H2L）2（bpy＂）2] 5 （bpy = 2,2＇-bipyfidine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy＂ = 4,4＇-dimethyl-2,2＇- bipyridine）. X-ray diffraction indicated that compounds 1 and 2 were isomorphic. Complexes 3 and 4 were shown to crystallize in different space groups but had similar crystallographic units. In the complexes, H4L was seen to partially deprotonate to afford H2L^2-. The H2L^2- ligands in 1-4 functioned as tetradentate ligands with each phosphonate group adopting bidentate coordination mode with two M centers to generate a 2D layer. In addition, the H2L^2- anions in 5 functioned as tfidentate ligands with one phosphonate group adopting the bidentate mode and another phosphonate group adopting the monodentate mode, thus linking three Cu atoms to provide a 1D chain. The IR and thermal stabilities of these compounds were subsequently examined.     

Progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes

Recent progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes with metals were summarized in this review. Radical anions were sorted into several types including iminosemiquinonate and iminoquinonate radical, nitroxide radical, heterocycle radical etc. Structural characteristics and properties of the corresponding complexes were introduced. The complexes exhibited novel properties and possibility for applications in organic magnetic materials and transition metal catalysis.     

Progress of transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling mediated by PyBroP

In the transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, phenol and enol derivatives activated by phos- phorus groups are very important electrophiles. This kind of compounds has the advantages of easy preparation, great stability, and producing more benign phosphorus by-pro- ducts. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the advances made over the past several decades in this area. Cross-coupling reactions mediated by PyBroP are first surveyed, then two types of recently developed tran- sition metal-catalyzed reactions, i.e., Pd-catalyzed and Ni- catalyzed reactions, and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed. Finally, future directions are analyzed.     

金属热容量与温度关系的实验测定及理论研究

测量了铜、铁和铝在55~200℃范围内的热容量.基于爱因斯坦和德拜固体热容理论模型,利用Matlab软件对实验数据进行了模拟和处理,得到了3种金属的热容量与温度的关系曲线.结果发现,在实验误差允许范围内,实验结果与爱因斯坦理论和德拜理论都具有较好的一致性.     

资讯·关键词

磷光材料 近日,南京工业大学校长、中科院院士黄维领导的先进材料创新团队,在国际首创一种多功能磷光金属配合物,并利用其电刺激响应特征开发出一种全新的光信息加解密技术,为下一代光子计算机加解密创造了新路径。     

PdO_x/金属磷酸盐催化剂催化分解N_2O

使用商业化的金属磷酸盐(M-P-O,M=Mg,Al,Ca,Fe,Co,Zn,La)为载体,以Pd(NO_3)_2为PdOx的前躯体,制备了PdOx/M-P-O系列催化剂,并测试了催化剂的N_2O分解性能.发现PdOx/Ca-P-O(又记为PdOx/HAP,HAP为羟基磷灰石)在该系列样品中表现出最佳催化活性,在反应温度375℃时能催化N_2O完全转化.而其他PdOx/M-P-O催化剂几乎没有活性.O2在反应气中的共存对PdOx/HAP的活性影响很小,而H_2O蒸气的共存明显抑制活性.但O2和H_2O蒸气对活性的影响是可逆的,即O2或者H_2O撤走后,活性复原.PdOx/HAP在无O2和有O2情况下都保持较好的稳定性.使用4%H2,在400℃对PdOx/HAP进行预处理能提高催化活性.使用XRD、TEM、XPS、ICP等对PdOx/HAP进行了表征.     

应力状态在2024-T351 Taylor杆断裂行为数值预报中的作用

近期研究表明,部分金属材料的延性断裂与应力三轴度及Lode参数同时相关.将近期文献中提出的包含Lode参数影响的断裂准则（MMC）写入有限元程序ABAQUS,用于2024-T351 Taylor杆断裂行为的数值预报.为揭示应力状态的影响,同时还采用仅考虑应力三轴度影响的两个断裂准则（JC和BW）进行有限元计算.将计算结果与试验进行了对比.对比表明,仅用轴对称圆棒试样单向拉伸试验数据标定的JC准则过高估计了材料在其他应力状态下的延性,低估了Taylor杆的断裂行为;BW准则预报了弹体头部中心断裂而与试验不符;MMC断裂准则可预报出合理的裂纹形式.     

由储层矿物在碱性驱替剂中的化学行为到砂岩储层次生孔隙的形成

本文在对储层矿物、岩石在碱性驱替剂中的化学行为系统研究进行概括的基础上提出了碱性成岩环境有助于砂岩储层次生孔隙发育这一全新的观点,并提出了单旋回成岩环境体系中的“酸-碱链式反应”模型。最后通过岩石矿物组成分析和文献调查证实了碱性成岩环境确实存在。显然,这种观点的应用会对油田油气勘探产生积极的影响。