AC2 and AC4 proteins of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tobacco curly shoot virus</Emphasis> mediate suppression of RNA silencing

Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus Y10 isolate (TYLCCNV-Y10) alone could systemically infect host plants such as Nicotiana benthamiana without symptoms. In contrast, Tobacco curly shoot virus Y35 isolate (TbCSV-Y35) alone induces leaf curl symptoms in N. benthamiana. When inoculated into transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing GFP gene (line 16c), TYLCCNV-Y10 neither reverses the established GFP silencing nor blocks the onset of GFP silencing. In contrast, TbCSV-Y35 can partially reverse the established GFP silencing and block the onset of GFP silencing in new leaves. In the patch co-infiltration assays, the AC2 and AC4 proteins of TYLCCNV-Y10 and TbCSV-Y35 could suppress local GFP silencing and delay systemic GFP silencing, suggesting that they are suppressors of RNA silencing. Comparison of the accumulation levels of GFP mRNA in the co-infiltration patches showed that Y10 AC2 and Y35 AC2 proteins had similar efficiency for suppression of RNA silencing. However, Y35 AC4 protein functioned as a stronger suppressor of RNA silencing than Y10 AC4 protein. There-fore, the pathogenicity difference between TbCSV-Y35 and TYLCCNV-Y10 may be related to the functional difference in their AC4 proteins.     

公路涵洞常见病害分析与防治措施

根据对所在地区各类公路涵洞的调查,分析涵洞常见的病害及针对病害原因提出相应的处治对策及预防措施.     

山西青辣椒主要病害及防治技术

论述了山西青辣椒的主要病害识别方法,并就其防治方法作了介绍与探讨.     

公路涵洞常见病害分析与防治措施

根据对所在地区各类公路涵洞的调查,分析涵洞常见的病害及针对病害原因提出相应的处治对策及预防措施。     

玉米主要病虫害的防治(上)

一、主要病害及防治 1.大斑病.玉米拔节后,先由基部叶片发病,叶片上出现水渍或灰色斑点,逐渐向上部叶片发展,最后形成黄褐色梭形病斑.一般在高温、高湿和密度大时易发病,影响产量.     

同步碎石封层技术在沥青路面中的应用

随着我国高速公路的快速发展,已建成的高速公路愈来愈多,所以沥青路面的预防性养护显得尤为重要.预防性养护可以防止路面病害的进一步扩展,延长路面使用寿命,提高路面的服务效能,节约养护维修资金.在已有路面上敷设一层防护层来保护原有的路面的方法是预防性养护的主要手段.     

食盐防治特种水产病害

鳖 ①用3％食盐水浸泡5-10分钟，可防治钟形虫病。②用400ppm的食盐和400ppm的小苏打合剂全池泼洒，或用3％-4％的食盐水浸洗病鳖5分钟，可防治水霉病。③用5％的食盐水浸洗病鳖约1小时，可防治颈溃疡病。④在全池用500ppm的食盐和500ppm的小苏打合剂泼洒，可防治白斑病。     

巧防冬春茬西葫芦病害

1．白粉病。主要为害叶片，初期在叶面产生白色圆形小粉斑．然后向周围扩展，严重时叶片全部布满白粉，后期霉斑变为灰白色，叶片变黄，有时病斑上会产生小黑点。防治方法：发病初期喷15％粉锈宁可湿性粉剂1000-1500倍液。或70％甲基托布津800—1000倍液。或50％硫磺悬浮剂250—300倍液等，6～7天喷1次，交替使用。[第一段]