三江平原小叶章湿地土壤有机硫矿化特征

利用密闭培养系统，在20℃条件下研究了小叶章典型草甸和沼泽化草甸土壤有机硫的矿化，结果表明：连续培养14周后，小叶章典型草甸和小叶章沼泽化草甸土壤有机硫的矿化量分别为9．61mg／kg和6.73mg／kg，其中48.70％和51．41％来自前两周的矿化；各形态有机硫均有不同程度的矿化，其中以酯键硫的矿化量最大，碳键硫次之，未知态硫最小。土壤有机硫矿化量与培养时间之间符合曲线关系，用一级动力学方程计算土壤有机硫矿化势表明，小叶章典型草甸和小叶章沼泽化草甸土壤有机硫潜在矿化势分别为9.68mg／kg和7．25mg／kg。小叶章典型草甸土壤有机硫的矿化速率和潜力均高于小叶章沼泽化草甸。图1，表4，参12。     

嗜热硫氧化硫化杆菌一新菌株的分离与鉴定

从云南腾冲酸性热泉富集物中分离到一株适度嗜热喜酸菌YN22.该菌革兰氏染色阳性,直杆状或微弯,长约1.6~2.8μm,直径0.4~0.7μm.该菌能在25~60℃下生长,最适生长温度为53℃;生长pH为1.0~5.0,最适pH为1.5;化能自养型,0.025%(w/V)的酵母提取物对其生长有明显的促进作用,在酵母提取物存在的情况下能快速氧化Fe2 ,但对S0和还原型硫化物的氧化能力较低.16s rDNA系统发育分析表明,该菌与嗜热硫氧化硫化杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans)的16s rDNA序列相似性达99%.YN22基因组DNA的G C含量为47.3 mol%,与嗜热硫氧化硫化杆菌模式菌株VKM B-1 269非常接近,后者基因组DNA的G C含量为47.5 mol%.基于形态特征、生理生化特性、系统发育学和G C含量的分析结果,YN22应归于硫化杆菌属(Sulfobacillus),为嗜热硫氧化硫化杆菌(Sb.thermosulfidooxidans)的一新菌株.这是国内首次分离,并经多种方法鉴定、确认的嗜热硫氧化硫化杆菌,从而为我国浸矿微生物的基础和应用研究提供了最典型的适度嗜热菌种.     

深度解离高硫煤的表面特性及表征

选择具有代表性的高硫煤(山东兖州煤与重庆南桐煤)为研究对象,通过深度解离(-200目以下),采用红外光谱、X-射线衍射、电子能谱仪、扫描电镜等表征手段对两种煤中煤和黄铁矿硫的物理性质、矿物成分及解离面的表面化学组成、界面物理化学特性差异进行分析。研究揭示高硫煤在高解离度下煤与煤系黄铁矿硫的物理特性、表面特性、煤与煤系黄铁矿硫表面特性的差异.     

非线性Schrdinger方程的辛算法

给出了非线性Schrdinger方程的二阶Euler中点格式、四阶Euler中点格式、二阶蛙跳格式和四阶蛙跳格式,并且作了数值实验验证这些格式的可行性并比较其误差.并且对同样截断误差阶的一种辛格式和一种非辛的差分格式进行比较.我们选取二阶蛙跳格式和二阶两层格式作了数值实验并对它们的运行结果作了比较.发现辛算法比同样截断误差的非辛算法误差小,时间越长优势越明显.     

Authigenic sulfide minerals and their sulfur isotopes in sediments of the northern continental slope of the South China Sea and their implications for methane flux and gas hydrate formation

This is a report of the study of the authigenic sulfide minerals and their sulfur isotopes in a sediment core (NH-1) collected on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea, where other geo-physical and geochemical evidence seems to suggest gas hydrate formation in the sediments. The study has led to the findings: (1) the pyrite content in sediments was relatively high and its grain size relatively large compared with that in normal pelagic or hemipelagic sediments; (2) the shallowest depth of the acid volatile sulfide (AVS) content maximum was at 437.5 cm (>2 μmol/g), which was deeper than that of the authigenic pyrite content maximum (at 141.5-380.5 cm); (3) δ 34S of authigenic pyrite was positive (maximum: 15‰) at depth interval of 250-380 cm; (4) the positive δ 34S coincided with pyrite enrichment. Compared with the results obtained from the Black Sea sediments by Jorgen-sen and coworkers, these observations indicated that at the NH-1 site, the depth of the sulfate-methane interface (SMI) would be or once was at about 437.5-547.5 cm and the relatively shallow SMI depth suggested high upward methane fluxes. This was in good agreement with the results obtained from pore water sulfate gradients and core head-space methane concentrations in sediment cores collected in the area. All available evidence suggested that methane gas hydrate formation may exist or may have existed in the underlying sediments.     

中硅耐热铸铁中碳硫的分析及研究

对中硅耐热铸铁中碳硫含量进行了分析及研究,并对坩埚的选择与保存、助熔剂的选择、分析时间的设定及试样的称量都作了较详细的研究,这是一种利用红外碳硫仪及坩埚测定中硅耐热铸铁中碳硫含量的一种快速灵敏的方法。通过试验获得了最佳的分析条件,测碳硫的RSD<1%,结果令人满意。     

在硫代或连多硫酸根等中硫原子氧化数的确定方法

本文讨论了硫代、连多硫酸根等中所带电荷在不同位置时对氧化数所产生的影响,提出了确定硫代、连多硫酸根等中每个硫原子氧化数的方法。对有些硫代、连多硫酸根等所得的结果与某些教材和论著是不相同的。     

Research of Inclusion Complexation of 4,4＇-Thiodiphenol Effected by β-Cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solutions and the Effect on Photodegradation

The inclusion behavior of 4, 4＇ -Thiodiphenol （TDP）, a typical bisphenol and endocrine disruptor, reacts with β-cyclodextrin （β-CD） in aqueous solutions has been investigated by means of UV absorption spectrum and quantum-chemical calculation with Gaussian 98 software. The results show that the inclusion behavior of TDP is quite different in acidic solutions （pH 5.9） from that in alkaline solutions （pH 10.0）. This behavior difference is attributed to the different formula structures in aqueous solutions at acidic and alkaline pH values that are demonstrated by quantum- chemical modeling and calculation. TDP forms a 1 ： 1 fl-CD inclusion complex in aqueous solutions. The equiiibrium constant K was calculated to be 553.49 L/mol at pH 5.9 and 1 318.20 L/mol at pH 10.0 respectively for the inclusion complex reaction by using the modified Benesi-Heldbrand equation. After inclusion TDP＇s structure is changed especially at the inclusion part with the bond order becoming larger, which results in inhibitive photodegradation during direct photooxidation and H2O2 assisted photooxidation.     

N-咔唑二硫代甲酸异丙苯酯的合成及应用

以咔唑和α-甲基苯乙烯为原料,合成了以咔唑为Z基团的可逆加成-断裂链转移试剂——N-咔唑二硫代甲酸异丙苯酯(CCBD),该化合物合成简便,可以经重结晶提纯.以CCBD为可逆加成-断裂链转移试剂对苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸乙酯单体进行了RAFT聚合,该聚合具有活性聚合特征,聚合物相对分子质量随转化率升高而增大,并得到相对分子质量分布窄的聚合产物,研究表明CCBD具有很好的RAFT聚合控制能力.